Expectations about victim and offender behaviour during stranger rape

The aim of this study was to examine expectations about victim and offender behaviours during stranger rape. These expectations were compared with the empirically derived data of actual victim and offender behaviours. Furthermore, three attitudes/beliefs were assessed in relation to these expectations: rape myth acceptance, gender role attitudes and belief in a just world (BJW). Seven hundred and fifty-eight undergraduates took part in the study. The results show that participants significantly overestimated the frequency of 29 out of the 30 victim and offender behaviours examined (one behaviour was underestimated). An inconsistent relationship was found in predicting the expectancies via rape myth acceptance, gender role attitudes and BJW. These findings are examined in the context of the criminal justice system and how expectancy violation may affect the perception of rape victim and offenders' behaviours.     

Research note: The founders and survivors project

This paper describes the multidisciplinary project Founders and Survivors: Australian Life Courses in Historical Context. Individual life courses, families and generations through the nineteenth and twentieth centuries are being reconstituted from a wide range of data including convict records; birth, death and marriage registrations; and World War I service records. The project will result in a longitudinal study of Australian settlement, the long-run effects of forced labour and emigration on health and survival, family formation, intergenerational morbidity and mortality, and social and geographic mobility.     

Right to Life

正Michael Brown,an 18-year-old African-American,was shot down by a police officer in the streets of Ferguson,Missouri on August 9.The teen’s death triggered protests and even violent riots in Ferguson in the following days,with the heavy-handed police response revealing a hypocritical tendency:Despite championing human rights around the world,the United States has clearly violated some of its own principles at home.     

蕴涵于山水间的世事无常——黄真伊时调研究

黄真伊被称为“松都三绝之一”，她传奇的人生及卓越的才华被世人所称道。她是时调创作的杰出代表，她一生作有大量杰出时调，但流传至今的只有六首。黄真伊时调的创作常借助于自然山水来表达人生虚无感及对世事无常的感叹及惆怅。     

Psychosocial correlates of recidivism in a sample of ex-prisoners: the role of oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder

The present study aimed to (a) examine the role of Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Conduct disorder (CD) in predicting recidivism, while controlling for childhood arrest, perceived neighbourhood crime frequency, alcohol consumption, age and gender, and (b) explore the relevance of these factors in predicting risk of recidivism for males and females separately. Participants were 669 ex-prisoners identified in the National Survey of American Life. Results revealed that gender, CD and average daily alcohol consumption predicted recidivism. When separate models were estimated for males and females, only average daily alcohol consumption was predictive of female recidivism. By comparison, recidivism was significantly predicted in males by CD in youth and childhood arrest. ODD was also negatively associated with recidivism in males. Consequently, targeting variables identified as significant predictors of recidivism for both males and females, or males, is unlikely to be an optimal way of reducing repeat offending.     

1999年北京人的经济生活态度

通过抽样调查显示，1999年北京人的经济生活态度主要表现为三个特点：市民对客观经济的满意度与去年相比略有提高；以个人的经济生活状况的预期表现出明显的不确定感；人们的经济行为体现出更多的务实倾向。     

宪法哲学:自由的哲学

宪法哲学是以人为起点并以人为归宿的哲学。一切与人有关的哲学 ,都与人的自由有关 ,因而 ,都可以说是自由的哲学。早期的自由哲学是借助于宪法来谋求其目的的 ;而现代的宪法哲学 ,又往往借助于自由哲学来建构其自身。人的自由状况取决于人的生活方式。普遍的自由只能是一种低度标准的自由 ,低度自由的标准同时也就是有限政府的标准。     

“生命权”、“生命安全权”、“生命健康权”谁宜入宪——“非典”现象中的生命观透视

传统的生命权应做与时俱进的概念和理念改造 ,方宜入宪。“生命安全权”比“生命权”更为积极和入时 ,也与我国政府主张的“生存权”更为接近 ;只有“生命安全权”才既有助于纠正传统和现实中轻视公民生命的现象 ,又强化国家和社会救助生命危难的责任意识 ,并与宪法中的物质帮助权相配套。“生命健康权”不宜入宪 ,因为这是两个不同的权利类型 ,缺乏合一性 ,而且宪法中的权利条款已显示了健康权。     

接通民族文化生命的源头活水——纪念“中国哲学史座谈会”50周年

50年前"中国哲学史座谈会"上关于唯物与唯心的争论为当今观念形态的"去蔽"工作提供了借鉴,全盘西化和文化保守主义是我们在推进中国哲学学科建设中应该避免的,贯通自我学术生命与民族文化生命是应有之义。     

中国北方农民的生活时间配置

农民的生活时间配置情况可以由其结构、类型和特征三个角度加以描述。农民的生活时间结构包括生产劳动时间、生理必需时间、家务劳动时间和闲暇时间四个组成部分。根据农民在各项生活时间上的支出 ,可以识别出四种主要的生活时间配置类型 ,即多劳型、均衡型、多闲型和家务型。农村居民在生活环境、生活水平、生产劳动方式等方面与城镇居民有很大的不同 ,反映到生活时间的配置上也是各具特色