吉林省农业结构现状及省际间的比较分析

吉林省农村经济要实现跨越式发展。其根本措施就是对农业结构进行战略性调整。     

DNA recovery after sequential processing of latent fingerprints on copy paper

Forensic examiners must determine whether both latent fingerprint development and DNA profiling can be performed on the same area of an evidence item and, if only one is possible, which examination offers the best chance for identification. Latent fingerprints can be enhanced by targeting different components of fingerprint residues with sequential chemical treatments. This study investigated the effects of single-reagent and sequential latent fingerprint development processes on downstream DNA analysis to determine the point at which latent fingerprint development should be stopped to allow for DNA recovery. Latent fingerprints deposited on copy paper by one donor were developed using three sequential processes: 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) → ninhydrin → physical developer (PD); 1,2-indanedione-zinc (IND-Zn) → ninhydrin → PD; and IND-Zn → ninhydrin → Oil Red O (ORO) → PD. Samples were examined after the addition of each chemical treatment. DNA was collected with cotton swabs, extracted, quantified, and amplified. DNA yields, peak heights, number of alleles obtained, and percentage of DNA profiles eligible for CODIS upload were examined. DNA profiles were obtained with varying degrees of success, depending on the number and type of treatments used for latent fingerprint development. The treatments that were found to be the least harmful to downstream DNA analysis were IND-Zn and IND-Zn/laser, and the most detrimental treatments were DFO, DFO/laser, and PD. In general, as the number of treatments increase, the opportunities for DNA loss or damage also increase, and it is preferable to use fewer treatments when developing latent fingerprints prior to downstream DNA processing.     

Why Foundations Flourish: A Comparative Policy Framework to Understand Policy Support for Foundations across Countries*

Abstract

Philanthropic foundations have bloomed since the 1990s, contributing to the expansion of third sectors worldwide. This research aims to contribute to the comparative analysis of the policy conditions that shape the development – size and structure – of foundation fields across countries. A framework for comparative policy analysis encompassing key dimensions of policy support – policy milestones, levers, and alternatives – is proposed and applied to five southwestern European countries. Results demonstrate that although Spain, France, Italy, Belgium, and Portugal have been traditionally clustered under the same corporatist foundation model, their foundation fields vary widely in terms of size, structure and institutional embeddedness.     

氢化物原子荧光法测定人发中砷含量的不确定度评定

目的评定氢化物原子荧光法测定人发中砷含量的不确定度。方法以人发标准样品为分析对象,依据化学分析中不确定度的评估指南等指导性文件,分析测定过程中砷含量测定值（C）、样品处理后的总体积（V）、样品称量值（m）以及重复测量（rep）等多个不确定度分量,计算检测结果的合成标准不确定度和扩展不确定度。结果本文方法测定人发中砷含量的不确定度评定结果为：人发样品中砷的含量为（0.57±0.06）mg/kg,置信概率（p）=95%,自由度（υeff）=4。结论本文方法测量不确定度的主要来源是重复性和校准曲线,测定结果在标准物质给出的含量范围之内。     

优化司法职权配置的现状分析——以江苏法院为例

自党的十七大提出优化司法职权配置以来,江苏省各级法院积极行动,提高认识,采取措施,实践证明优化司法职权配置等司法改革在江苏法院已经或正在产生一定的效应。当然也存在一些问题,诸如法院职权受行政权制约无法有效运作,法院职权被地方化困扰不得摆脱羁绊等。这些问题之所以存在,是由其背后的具体原因决定的。必须审慎对待当前的司法矛盾,认真做好优化法院司法职权配置工作。     

犯罪预备形态的价值分析

不同国家基于本国历史、文化、经济、政治等多方面的原因，对犯罪预备形态的处罚原则也不尽相同。社会的变革与震荡深刻影响着立法者的立法观念与刑事政策。犯罪预备形态作为一种犯罪现象，如何予以刑法上的规制，体现着法的事实分析和法的价值分析的对立统一。应当运用价值分析的方法，从一般价值到法的价值，再到刑法价值的思维路径，探寻犯罪预备形态真正的价值所在。     

混合样本拆分查询犯罪嫌疑人的应用研究

目的对一起杀人案中的混合样本进行拆分，期望获得嫌疑人的单-分型，以便于DNA数据库检索查询。方法采用专家人工拆分和图挖掘拆分对混合样本进行拆分，结果入“DNA快速协查比对平台”检索。结果2种方法先后比中数据库中同一前科人员。结论对2人份混合样本进行拆分，在DNA数据库中直接查找犯罪嫌疑人，是一种新的办案思路。     

用辩证的视角考量犯罪现场勘察工作

世上事物皆有两面性，要想全面地认识事物及其背后的客观规律，必须坚持运用辩证的思维、视角来认识、看待事物。犯罪现场勘查是侦查人员对犯罪现场认识、勘查、分析的过程，要想全面地认识、勘查、分析犯罪现场必须坚持运用辩证的视角来考量犯罪现场勘查工作。     

The state of the art in privacy impact assessment

There is growing interest in Europe in privacy impact assessment (PIA). The UK introduced the first PIA methodology in Europe in 2007, and Ireland followed in 2010. PIAs provide a way to detect potential privacy problems, take precautions and build tailored safeguards before, not after, the organisation makes heavy investments in the development of a new technology, service or product. This paper presents some findings from the Privacy Impact Assessment Framework (PIAF) project and, in particular, the project's first deliverable, which analyses the similarities and differences between PIA methodologies in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States, with a view to picking out the best elements which could be used in constructing an optimised PIA methodology for Europe. The project, which began in January 2011, is being undertaken for the European Commission's Directorate General Justice. The first deliverable was completed in September. The paper provides some background on privacy impact assessment, identifies some of its benefits and discusses elements that can be used in construction of a state-of-the-art PIA methodology.     

省属高等院校管理体制改革问题分析

高校管理体制改革似政府机构改革般跳不出“精简——膨胀——精简”的怪圈。当前省属高校管理体制存在着诸如“院系关系没有理顺”、“依法治校力度不够”等突出问题，高校管理体制改革要解决这些问题应首先从明晰院系两级职权责关系、建章立制和处理若干关系等方面展开。