益母草罐组式动态逆流提取工艺研究

目的：验证罐组式动态逆流提取工艺应用于工业化生产可行性。方法：分别用罐组式动态逆流提取与传统单罐提取工艺进行益母草提取试验，测定产品有效成分含量、各项工艺参数及经济指标。结果：罐组式动态逆流提取工艺与传统的单罐提取工艺相比较，有效成分提取率较高，并且节省能源、缩短生产周期。结论：罐组式动态逆流提取工艺是一种比较科学的中药提取方法，适合在工业化生产中应用。     

The Impossibility of Party Unity in Peru: Party Affiliation,Subnational Electoral Competition and Party Discipline (2011–2019)

Party division in Peru is a constant event and has become an expected feature of Peruvian parliamentary politics. For instance, in 2016, the elected Congress was composed of six parliamentary groups, and at the moment of its dissolution, that number doubled. This article explores the factors that produce such rapid division in the Peruvian Congress during two parliamentary periods (2011–2016, 2016–2019). It argues, through quantitative analysis, that there is a direct and negative relationship between the fragmentation of parliamentary groups and party discipline due to party affiliation and the dynamics of subnational party competition.