新时代党领导立法的逻辑理路

坚持党的领导是中国特色社会主义法治建设的基本经验,坚持党领导立法是我国立法体制上特色鲜明的制度优势,是立法活动中必须遵循的基本原则。随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,社会主要矛盾的变化导致了国家立法需求的变化,加强党的全面领导对党领导立法的方式提出了新的要求。在这种背景下,党领导立法呈现出全新的时代特征和逻辑理路,主要表现为更加主动地引领立法并将党的领导贯彻到立法的全过程、有力提升了领导立法的科学性和民主性、从党内法规与国家法律衔接统一的视角加强领导立法的规范化建设等,反映了新时代党的执政能力建设与国家法治建设的重大进步。     

Ethnicity and electoral fraud in Britain

Several reports have highlighted that, within Britain, allegations of electoral fraud tend to be more common in areas with large Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities. However, the extent of this association has not yet been quantified. Using data at the local authority level, this paper shows that percentage Pakistani and Bangladeshi (logged) is a robust predictor of two measures of electoral fraud allegations: one based on designations by the Electoral Commission, and one based on police enquiries. Indeed, the association persists after controlling for other minority shares, demographic characteristics, socio-economic deprivation, and anti-immigration attitudes. I interpret this finding with reference to the growing literature on consanguinity (cousin marriage) and corruption. Rates of cousin marriage tend to be high in countries such as Pakistan and Bangladesh, which may have fostered norms of nepotism and in-group favoritism that persist over time. To bolster my interpretation, I use individual level survey data to show that, within Europe, migrants from countries with high rates of cousin marriage are more likely to say that family should be one's main priority in life, and are less likely to say it is wrong for a public official to request a bribe.     

徐州市地方卫生立法的回顾与思考

地方卫生立法是国家法制建设的重要组成部分和卫生事业发展的制度保障。笔者通过对徐州市地方卫生立法工作的总结，提出完善地方卫生立法关键是强化地方立法特色、遵循卫生事业发展的规律、规范立法程序。不断提升地方卫生立法工作水平，发挥地方立法的价值，促进卫生事业的健康发展。     

Turnout and weather disruptions: Survey evidence from the 2012 presidential elections in the aftermath of Hurricane Sandy

This paper examines the rational choice reasoning that is used to explain the correlation between low voter turnout and the disruptions caused by weather related phenomena in the United States. Using in-person as well as phone survey data collected in New York City where the damage and disruption caused by Hurricane Sandy varied by district and even by city blocks, we explore, more directly than one can with aggregate data, whether individuals who were more affected by the disruptions caused by Hurricane Sandy were more or less likely to vote in the 2012 Presidential Election that took place while voters still struggled with the devastation of the hurricane and unusually low temperatures. Contrary to the findings of other scholars who use aggregate data to examine similar questions, we find that there is no difference in the likelihood to vote between citizens who experienced greater discomfort and those who experienced no discomfort even in non-competitive districts. We theorize that this is in part due to the resilience to costs and higher levels of political engagement that vulnerable groups develop under certain institutional conditions.     

Adoption of comprehensive risk management in local government

In the aftermath of large company failures in the early 2000s, there emerged a new wave of efforts to enhance risk management (RM) and control in enterprises. The normative RM model has been promoted widely to all organisations, including public sector organisations. Using survey data, this article describes and explains the diffusion and adoption of RM innovation in local government in Finland. Our survey results support the argument that if comprehensive RM is not obligatory, it is not widely used in local government. Our analysis reveals that financial constraints explain to some extent the existence of comprehensive RM in municipalities, while structural factors such as the size of municipalities do not, even though RM is slightly more advanced in larger rather than smaller local governments. Slow adoption indicates that comprehensive RM as a managerial innovation lacks immediate benefit when assessed against the efforts and costs of its introduction and maintenance.     

七部地方性精神卫生条例的合法性突变及其修正简

《精神卫生法》实施后,根据《立法法》的相关规定,先行制定并实施的七部地方性精神（心理）卫生条例面临着合法性问题,与上位法相抵触的规定无效并应及时的修改或废止。一方面七部条例＂相抵触的规定＂不仅包含具体条款,还涉及立法理念和原则的变化;另一方面七部条例的性质突变后带来的与其原有形式的矛盾,建议七部条例在《精神卫生法》配套法规完成后采用修订或立新废旧的方式予以修正,使之从创制性法规变为实施性法规;或者对没有存在必要的地方采取单项废止。     

金融刑法分类标准的理论解 读简

金融诈骗罪的立法模式显然与破坏金融管理秩序罪存在不同，前者是诈骗行为在金融交易领域的体现，侵害的不仅仅是公私财产权，更包括对金融交易秩序的侵害。从刑事政策的角度来看，显然立法者希望将此类诈骗行为重点规制，将金融诈骗行为的构成要件采取了类似行政刑法立法的处理，其既难以归入典型的破坏金融管理秩序罪，也特殊于一般诈骗，形成当前立法的现状，是理论的修正也是政策的使然。     

An investigation of anonymous and spoof SMS resources used for the purposes of cyberstalking

In 2012, the United Kingdom actively sought to tackle acts of stalking through amendments to the Protection from Harassment Act 1997. Now, not only is stalking a recognised criminal offence, acts associated with stalking behaviour have finally been properly defined in legislation. Further, the role of technology in digital stalking offences, frequently termed as acts of cyberstalking, has been duly highlighted. The prosecution of such cyberstalking offences is reliant on the forensic analysis of devices capable of communication with a victim, in order to identify the offender and evidence the offending content for presentation to a court of law. However, with the recent proliferation of anonymous communication services, it is becoming increasingly difficult for digital forensic specialists to analyse and detect the origin of stalking messages, particularly those involving mobile devices. This article identifies the legal factors involved, along with a scenario-based investigation of sample anonymous and spoof SMS (Short Message Service) messages, documenting the evidence that remains on a victim's handset for the purpose of locating an offender, which often may be minimal or non-existent.     

对我国营养立法可行性的探讨

营养立法对促进全国的营养工作,改善我国居民的营养与健康状况具有重要意义,也是实现全面“小康”社会的关键。本文对我国目前营养立法的可行性进行了探讨,从政策基础、社会经济发展状况、营养科技条件、社会需求和营养立法的经验五个方面的分析来看,尽管还存在一些困难,但是,现阶段营养立法在我国切实可行,在党和政府的关怀和领导下,通过营养专业人员和各界人士的共同努力,相信营养法会早日颁布,使我国营养工作走上更加规范的法制化轨道。     

论地方立法的层次构成与效力体系

地方立法是国家法律的重要组成部分。由于我国的行政区划的种类和层级都比较多 ,不同种类 ,不同层级的行政区划 ,享有的地方立法权的大小和范围是不一样的 ;同一级别的行政区划 ,有的享有立法权 ,有的不享有立法权 ,所以我国的地方性法规和规章 ,有着较为复杂的层次构成和效力等级体系 ,具有复杂性和多样性的特点