Dynamics of Trade in Value-Added in “Factory Asia”

ABSTRACT

Trade patterns in East Asia are termed the “Factory Asia” model, whereby Asia functions as a “global factory” that imports intermediate goods from its regional networks and then assembles and exports them as finished goods to higher-income developed countries. In 2001, China’s accession into the World Trade Organisation consolidated this pattern by becoming the core economy in this model. However, is this pattern still valid after more than a decade of rapid development in East Asian countries? The main objective of this article is to examine the evolution of this pattern of trade in East Asian countries. Although the key findings of this study show that the Factory Asia model continues, it is changing as different East Asian countries capture more value in global value chains. The gaps in the rate of upgrading are identified and mainly attributed to differences in government policies and competition. However, the dependence on foreign inputs still remains an important part of high-technology production in East Asian countries. Hence, the idea that East Asia is evolving from a “factory” into a “Research & Development hub” remains far-fetched.     

连锁加盟式合同诈骗的犯罪形式及侦查策略

连锁加盟式合同诈骗虽不是犯罪分子非法敛财的新手段,但是随着近一段时间炒房热的逐步退温,民间资本逐渐转向投资连锁加盟店等更为理性的项目。犯罪分子打着连锁加盟的旗号,对手中有闲余资金的群众大肆进行诈骗,犯罪手法更加隐蔽,社会危害性更大。本文拟从连锁加盟式合同诈骗的犯罪手法展开分析,对此类案件的侦查、打击进行研究。     

低增加值率制造业对大学毕业生就业影响研究

该文以增加值率为衡量指标,计量地定位了中国制造业在全球产业价值链中的位置,认为正是由于地处全球产业价值链低端位置,中国制造业只能走规模扩张的道路,由此形成一个低增加值率导致低工资、低工资导致低素质劳动力、低素质劳动力导致低增加值率的恶性循环。在这一螺旋向下的过程中,以大学毕业生为代表的,需要较高雇用成本的劳动力资源被实体经济自动过滤出来,形成失业人口。     

典型引领价值功能研究的回顾与思考

在一个文化多元、媒体多样的时代里,如何打破单向性灌输模式,多维、互动地发挥典型引领的价值功能成为一个重大问题。基于文化强国的使命感,基于核心价值如何具有巨大而持续的情感能量、如何实现符号内化等基本问题,通过总结、反思中国典型引领中的价值功能,引入互动仪式链视角,寻求完善社会主义核心价值的建构机制以及社会认同机制。     

ABO位点限制性扩增片段长度多态性的研究

建立了PCR扩增、限制性酶切、8％（T）、5％（C）聚丙烯酸胺凝胶垂直电泳和银染检测ABO位点的限制性片段长度多态性的方法体系。应用Amp-RFLP技术对185名中国人（哈尔滨）ABO位点的基因频率和基因型分布进行了调查和统计分析。ABO位点特异片段长度为140～200bp，基因频率为0．2000～0．5568。6种基因型频率为0．973～0．3135，杂合度0．5838，Dp值0．7146。经H－W平衡吻合度检测，完全符合群体遗传多态分布。通过对11个家庭33名相关个体的分析，证明完全符合孟德尔遗传定律。ABO基因型检验适用于法庭科学的个体识别和亲权鉴定。     

发挥资源产业优势,做足铜文章——基于黄石有色金属行业发展循环经济的思考

该文简要介绍了黄石铜矿资源的特点及现状,论述了黄石发展铜产业循环经济的必要性。提出了黄石发展铜业循环经济的途径要以资源的高效综合利用和循环利用为核心,构建"矿山铜—粗铜—电解铜—铜箔(铜管铜杆、铜合金)—电子元器件(电线电缆、高精度装备部件)"和"矿山铜—粗铜—电解铜—铜型材—铜板带—高档家电部件等"延伸产业链;剖析了黄石铜业循环经济产业链特点及黄石市发展铜产业存在的问题,并提出了针对性的建议。     

刑事印证初论

刑事印证是我国刑事诉讼的主要证明方式,它具有层次性;刑事印证的表现形式为证据链,核心为证据联结点;证据联结点的差异有合理的差异和非合理差异、重要的差异和非重要的差异之分,证据间的一致有实质一致和虚假一致之别;对既具有间接证据也有直接证据的一般刑事案件,要求达到全案证据链的完整性即可,对全部据间接证据定案的案件,则要达到证据链的闭合性.     

DNA Analysis of Natural Fiber Rope*

Abstract: When rope is found at a crime scene, the type of fiber is currently identified through its microscopic characteristics. However, these characteristics may not always unambiguously distinguish some types of rope from others. If rope samples contain cells from the plants of origin, then DNA analysis may prove to be a better way to identify the type of rope obtained from a crime scene. The objective of this project was to develop techniques of DNA analysis that can be used to differentiate between ropes made from Cannabis sativa L. (hemp), Agave sisalana Perrine (sisal), Musa textilis Née (abaca, “Manila hemp”), Linum usitatissimum L. (flax), and Corchorus olitorus L. (jute). The procedures included extracting the DNA from the rope, performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the extracted DNA as a template, and analyzing the DNA products. A primer pair for PCR, chosen from within a chloroplast gene for the large subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, was designed to be specific for plant DNA and complementary to the genes from all five plants. The resulting PCR fragments were approximately 771 base pairs long. The PCR fragments, distinguished through base sequence analysis or restriction enzyme analysis, could be used to identify the five different rope types. The procedure provides a useful addition to visual methods of comparing rope samples.     

武汉汉族人群STR基因座D3S1358、D13S317、D12S391的多态性研究

目的　调查中国武汉地区汉族人群STR基因座—D3S1 358、D1 3S31 7、D1 2S391基因频率分布和群体遗传数据。方法　从 2 0 8个汉族无关个体收集血液标本 ,应用PCR技术及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳对D3S1 358、D1 3S31 7和D1 2S391基因座分型。结果　D3S1 358检出 7个等位基因和 4 1个基因型。三基因座基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡。观察 2 31次减数分裂均未发现突变基因。另外 ,调查结果计算显示D3S1 358、D1 3S31 7和D1 2S391基因座的杂合度 (H)分别为 0 70 98、 0 80 56和 0 84 0 0 ;三个人识别能力 (DP)分别为 0 851 6、 0 9332和 0 952 3;非父排除率 ( pE)分别为 0 4 463、 0 60 1 6和 0 681 8。结论　D3S1 358、D1 3S31 7和D1 2S391基因座在群体遗传学研究和法医学亲子鉴定及个人识别中具有较高实用价值     

Hardening foreign corporate accountability through mandatory due diligence in the European Union? New trends and persisting challenges

The negative externalities of global commodity chains and existing governance gaps have received wide scholarly attention. Indeed, many sectors including forest-risk commodities (FRCs) like soy and beef from Brazil remain largely unregulated. This article analyzes ongoing policy-making processes at European Union level to adopt new regulations for reducing accountability gaps: one regulation of FRCs and one general, cross-sectoral directive on human rights and environmental due diligence. This article draws on and aims to contribute to previous research into foreign corporate accountability, therein analytically distinguishing between input, output, and surrogate accountability. This study shows that new policies will likely be more comprehensive than previous supply chain regulations, while their specific institutional design and stringency are highly contested. More in general, we argue that for hardening corporate accountability, due diligence politics will need to confront important governance challenges that have limited the potential of previous regulations, such as a lack of consequentiality of reporting obligations, weak state monitoring, limited stakeholder involvement, and difficulties to establish legal liability.