Marxism in the Post-Communist World

Abstract

Marx was and remained a philosopher. This simple fact was forgotten when Marxism became a system. Now that the system has been defeated, the philosophy re-emerges. However, its "Marxist" adherents have never understood that this philosophy was always political - in short, they have never understood politics, and there fore will never understand philosophy. Thus, the claim of the article is that, correctly read, Marx can be seen as the true philosophical founder of a modern theory of democracy.     

Spectres of Coke: Judicial Supervision as a Revolutionary Inheritance

Sir Edward Coke is known for having played a central role in establishing the power of the common law courts to exercise a supervisory jurisdiction over the executive/administration. Coke is usually praised in the literature for his boldness in doing this, whilst he is at the same time censured for having dared to suggest that this jurisdiction should be a very wide one. This essay questions the inheritance of judicial supervision and enquires whether there may be a secret to uncover in Coke’s texts. Referring to Coke’s Institutes, it is suggested that the wide jurisdiction of the common law courts that Coke advanced, is linked to and should be understood in light of Coke’s pronouncements in the epigrams on law and justice. Judicial supervision, according to this reading of Coke, involves not only a necessarily limited jurisdiction in accordance with law, but also the desire for an unlimited jurisdiction, which corresponds with Derrida’s analysis of justice and law. This reading of Coke, it is suggested, calls on us to view judicial supervision as revolutionary in nature, which requires of the courts to rethink fundamentally the way in which they exercise their supervisory function.

马克思政治哲学新探——中国特色马克思学一个新的生长点

马克思政治哲学资源丰富,从狭义层面看,主要包括了市民社会思想、国家观、政党观和群众观等内容。全球化时代的到来,我们深入探析马克思政治哲学思想,不仅可以找寻到解答问题的广阔视角,而且也为中国特色马克思学的研究找到了一个新的生长点。     

马克思的后政治民主模式构想——兼析“政治终结”过程中的民主模式

马克思在其著作中准确地论述了关于理想社会中的民主模式的现实前提以及民主模式的实质。马克思的民主模式鲜明地表达了“后政治”语境。这种直接民主模式既遭到了巴枯宁等无政府主义者的曲解,又受到当代自由主义者和新左派在内的西方学者的责难。而在现实的社会主义实践中也存在着类似的时序错位,未能充分意识到马克思民主模式是后政治民主或后资本主义民主的民主模式。由于这种时序错位,马克思民主模式的“后政治”语境在理论和实践中都被忽视、曲解和扭曲。     

青年马克思哲学思想发展的逻辑解读

青年马克思哲学的出发点是自我意识哲学,黑格尔的“否定性辩证法”是其哲学发展的直接推动原则,而费尔巴哈的客体性原则是其哲学的立足点,青年马克思哲学制高点是实践的唯物主义。主客体的统一是青年马克思自我超越的基本原则,也是我们今后哲学发展的原则要求。     

马克思是“哲学家”还是“科学家”?——从《在马克思墓前的讲话》谈起

恩格斯在《在马克思墓前的讲话》中称马克思为"当代最伟大的思想家",认为马克思的"两大发现"是他一生中对人类最伟大的贡献:1、发现了人类历史的发展规律(唯物史观);2、发现了现代资本主义生产方式和它所产生的资产阶级社会的特殊的运动规律(剩余价值规律)。一般认为,马克思所发现的"唯物史观"被视之为"哲学",认为马克思是"哲学家";马克思所发现的"剩余价值"被视之为"科学",认为马克思是"科学家"。部分学者一方面质疑"唯物史观"的"哲学"性而力图论证其为"科学",另一方面又质疑"剩余价值"的"科学"性而力图论证其为"哲学"。这样,由"两大发现"而构成的"哲学家"与"科学家"的马克思,似乎又模糊了他的"哲学家"与"科学家"的双重身份。通过正确地分析《在马克思墓前的讲话》和马克思的部分理论作品,我们只能说,首先是一个革命家的马克思,既是哲学家又是科学家。     

对马克思人的现实生存理论的当代反思

马克思的人的现实生存理论更为重视人的生存条件,特别是物质基础和社会制度这些人的生存的前提条件,重视人的生存的生产能力和社会规则,为我们提供了极有价值的辩证生存观。它对于思考人类在面临全球性生态环境危机下如何解决生存与发展这个大尺度、大视野问题仍具有深刻启发意义。     

析古典经济学劳动价值论及马克思对它的批判继承和发展

古典经济学的劳动价值论是马克思劳动价值论的来源。分析其历史贡献、局限性及其哲学意义，是正确理解马克思批判地继承并创新发展劳动价值论的重要问题。马克思的劳动价值论是建立在历史唯物主义基础之上，具有合理的科学内核和重大理论价值的一个科学范畴，贯穿于哲学到经济学的各个领域。     

Anticipation,Critique and the Problem of Intervention: Understanding the Messianic: Derrida through Ernst Bloch

This paper looks at the concept of themessianic as a means of understanding theMarxist tradition, particularly therelationship between the ethical and thepolitical. It examines the positions of JacquesDerrida and Ernst Bloch, whereby both utilisethe messianic as a means of upholding anethical space which is not reducible to being,while at the same time emphasising the need anddemand of the messianic to be brought intobeing. This contradiction operates as the basiccharacteristic of the messianic and it isasserted that Bloch, rather than Derrida,offers a stronger version of the messianic andthe relationship it constructs between ethicsand politics, by attaching a notion of thegood, that of human dignity which operates toguide the ethical command. While Bloch'sdignity may lead to the position of sacrificewhen engaging within the political, theco-ordination of the ethical by dignity doesnot itself sacrifice ethics as a totality.     

马克思主义哲学与马克思哲学

用诠释学的观点解读马克思的文本 ,是文本和解读者之间的“主体间性”的活动。马克思文本的“原意”是一个不可把握的概念 ,也许有但不可知。马克思主义哲学和马克思哲学在内容上有区分 ,但在意义上完全没有必要。“走进马克思”仅是对不看马克思文本而妄谈马克思的人的规劝。马克思主义哲学本身就是一种意识形态 ,用意识形态性来指责马克思主义哲学是对意识形态的偏见 ;但马克思主义哲学也确实在某种程度上被误解为政治理论 ,剥去马克思主义哲学的政治外衣是发展马克思主义哲学的必要。