科学社会主义理论创新的行程及其启示

科学社会主义发展的历史就是不断进行理论创新的历史。这一命题包括纵向和横向两个方面的内容:从纵向方面说,就是与时俱进,是指科学社会主义在不同的历史阶段的运用、检验、证实和创造性的发展;从横向方面说,就是一切从实际出发,是指科学社会主义的基本原理和各民族的特点相结合,并使之不断丰富和完善。把纵向和横向结合起来看,科学社会主义的理论创新的主要涵义就是“时代化”、“本国化”。     

科学发展观在工会工作中的实践探索

“坚持以人为本,树立全面、协调、可持续的发展,促进经济和人的全面发展”是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的新一届党中央领导集体,站在历史和时代的高度,吸收人类文明进步的新成果,认真总结国内外在发展问题上的经验教训,特别是认真总结了我国改革开放二十多年来的实践经验,创新发展观     

试论空想社会主义的浪漫主义特征

空想社会主义作为超越资本主义社会的最初理论形式 ,在社会主义学说史上具有重要的贡献。但从总体上看 ,它是非科学的社会主义 ,这突出表现在其浪漫主义特征上。它以唯心主义人性论为哲学基础 ,以人文主义的价值批判为惟一方法。非革命性和非人民性成为其社会历史观的本质 ,在道德的层面而非科学的层面批判资本主义社会制度 ,浪漫而抽象地构思未来理想社会。马克思主义的社会主义学说是对其的科学超越。现实中有些社会主义学者企图重新拾起被马克思主义克服了的浪漫主义因素来解释社会主义 ,这在理论上当然是不可取的。     

Evaluating international social-change networks: a conceptual framework for a participatory approach

International networks for social change are growing in number and influence. While they need to be able to assess the extent to which they achieve their purpose and determine ways in which to be more effective, conventional evaluation methods are not designed for such complex organisational forms, or for the diverse kinds of activity to which they are characteristically dedicated. Building on an earlier version of their paper, the authors present a set of principles and participatory approaches that are more appropriate to the task of evaluating such networks.     

Results-based management: friend or foe?

Results-based management (RBM) is well entrenched as a management tool for international development practice. Yet after a decade of its use, many development practitioners view RBM in a negative light, considering it to be a donor requirement that diverts time, energy, and resources away from actually doing development work. This article provides some broad reflections on RBM from a distinctive vantage point: the perspective of the project (or programme) evaluator. The article reflects on challenges associated with RBM and draws from these reflections a number of suggested strategies to improve its use. It concludes that development practitioners need to be more aggressive in implementing RBM.     

Capacity building: who builds whose capacity?

This article focuses on the role that development NGOs play in capacity building, arguing that many conventional NGO practices are ultimately about retaining power, rather than empowering their partners. This leads to tunnel vision and to upward rather than downward or horizontal accountability, based on the assumption that the transfer of resources is a one-way process. At worst, this undermines rather than strengthens the capacities of the organisations that NGOs are attempting to assist. Sharing responsibilities and risks, mutual accountability, and committing to the long term rather than to short-term projects are more likely to create partnerships that can withstand vicissitudes and contribute to lasting change.     

用科学世界观和方法论总结党执政的历史经验

党的十六届四中全会坚持科学世界观和方法论,全面总结了党执政的主要经验,坚持总结过去、尊重历史与面向未来、开拓进取相统一,坚持社会主义建设规律、党的执政规律和人类社会发展规律相统一,坚持党的执政目的和执政基础相统一,坚持党执政的合法性与科学性相统一。这六条执政经验构成了有机统一的整体,是党的宝贵财富,必须倍加珍惜,并用于指导新的实践。     

Test–Retest Reliability of the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2)

The Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2) are widely used to measure intimate partner aggression. Various aspects of the CTS2 and its subscales have been examined, e.g. factor structure, internal consistency, and validity, but little or no evidence exists regarding the stability of the self-report of aggression on the CTS2 This study examines the stability of reports of aggression against a partner on the CTS2 among 82 men court-mandated to a batterer intervention program. At both testing times men reported on aggression occurring in the year prior to beginning treatment. Using variety scores, stability of report was strong for psychological aggression (r = 0.69), physical assault (r = 0.76), injury (r = 0.70), and negotiation (r = 0.60), but weaker for sexual coercion (r = 0.30). Implications for the use of the CTS2 in court-mandated populations are discussed.

拓宽培训思路提高培训质量的探讨

本文就如何提高培训质量进行了探讨,从拓宽培训思路和改变培训方式入手,提出培训项目的设计要贴近实际需求,通过由求全变求实、由备讲变备学、由灌注变互动和由知识变行为四种方式改变施教方式,积极研究工作方法,确实解决实际问题,从而提升幼儿教师培训质量。     

Testing the power of arguments in referendums: A Bradley–Terry approach

How can we determine which arguments in a referendum are most persuasive? We show that the Bradley–Terry model has several features that make it well-suited to this task, and thus preferable to other, more conventional approaches. Using a survey experiment conducted during an electoral reform referendum in Ontario, Canada in October 2007, we demonstrate how unstructured and structured Bradley–Terry models can be straightforwardly fitted and interpreted. In doing so, we gain insight into the factors which determine support for electoral reform. We identify a status quo bias and find that power varies with mention of fairness, local control over candidate selection, and the role of political parties. We conclude by discussing the limits, extensions and further applications of such models in electoral studies and political science more broadly.