Does mobility matter? The neighborhood conditions of housing voucher holders by race and ethnicity

Abstract

Mobility is one mechanism used to address the federal goals of deconcen‐trating poverty and minorities. The Housing Choice Voucher Program relies on participants to make residential location decisions consistent with these goals. Our research investigates the level and impact of mobility on the neighborhood quality of voucher holders, their neighborhood conditions by race and ethnicity, and perceived obstacles to mobility within the jurisdiction of a Southern California housing authority.

About one‐third of the sample moved during the study, and moving resulted in improved neighborhoods for only one subset of movers. Minorities live in more impoverished, overcrowded neighborhoods than nonminorities, even when controlling for mobility status, contract rent, and other factors. Further, most voucher holders see the lack of rental units as a major obstacle to mobility. These findings suggest that current policy is not uniformly achieving deconcentration and that real and perceived barriers to mobility exist, especially for minorities.     

Brown kids in white suburbs: Housing mobility and the many faces of social capital

Abstract

Social capital has many faces in the geography of urban opportunity, and as such, particular housing policies might have positive effects on some forms of social capital and negative effects on others. The author defines social support and social leverage as two key dimensions of social capital that can be accessed by individuals. A sample of 132 low‐income African‐American and Latino adolescents is used to examine the early impacts of a Yonkers, NY, housing mobility program on social capital.¹

Overall, program participants (^‘’movers^‘’) appear to be no more cut off from social support than a control group of “stayer” youth. On the other hand, movers are also no more likely to report access to good sources of job information or school advice— to leverage that might enhance opportunity. Adding just one steadily employed adult to an adolescent's circle of significant ties has dramatic effects on perceived access to such leverage.     

Citizen to Stay or Citizen to Go? Naturalization,Security, and Mobility of Migrants in Italy

We analyze the relation between naturalization, mobility, and security through 50 in-depth interviews with migrants of different origins living in two Italian regions. We show how migrants pursue naturalization both to protect themselves against bureaucracy and deportation and to move to a third country. The second migration is motivated by improving one's conditions, forced by the economic crisis, or completes the original migratory project once a strong passport is obtained. We argue that citizenship is not essentially linked to either stability or mobility and that mobility should be understood as neither exceptional nor always chosen.     

Critical Issues in Relocation Cases: A Custody Evaluator's Response to Parkinson and Cashmore (2015) and Thompson (2015)

Parkinson and Cashmore ( 2015 ) and Thompson ( 2015 ) have written comprehensive articles outlining suggested reforms to the family law system in relocation cases. This brief article, from a child custody evaluator's perspective as opposed to researchers' and legal scholars' perspectives, highlights areas of agreement, in hope of leading to increased consensus, as well as areas of disagreement, furthering the discussion and debate of critical issues in relocation matters. Rather than an either/or approach to relocation presumptions, this article will identify a both/and perspective on presumptions for these cases. It will also focus on suggestions for evaluators in an effort to help guide ways that evaluations can be most helpful to the court.     

The Ultimate Shopper

Using the example of a fictional shopper from the early twentieth century, Bowlby looks at how the notion of mobility as characteristic of the modern subject intersects with notions of femininity and masculinity. Valéry Larbaud's ultramobile imaginary shopper is compared with Freud's portrait of the woman sadly fixed for all time in her character once she has reached the age of thirty. The concluding section looks at the way that mobility of identity has become a norm for both sexes in the last part of the century, making the very idea of a self into a kind of rational shopping, a 'choosing' of different identities.     

农民工 一个新阶层的崛起

20世纪80年代中期以来,农民工已经成为我国经济发展的一大推动力,并越来越成为当今社会的热点甚至焦点问题之一。科学地认识农民工的地位,科学地认识和处理农民工的阶层归属问题,是我国建设和谐社会的必然要求。农民工已经作为一个新的社会阶层崛起。这种崛起在一定程度上是不可避免的。农民工要彻底地实现向新工人阶层的转变,还有很长的路要走。     

欧盟职业资格认证体系改革及其对东北亚区域劳动力合作的启示

劳动力在地区之间的流动存在许多障碍,缺乏对知识、技能和职业资格的统一评价标准劳动力的自由流动将尤为困难。2002年,欧盟开始实施对职业资格认证体系的改革,新的欧盟职业资格认证系统包含三个子认证体系:职业资格认证的一般体系、以工作经验作为证明的自动的资格认证体系、特殊行业的自动职业认证体系。欧盟职业资格认证体系改革的目的是保证劳动力的自由流动,这对东北亚地区劳动力合作提供了可以借鉴的范例。     

乡镇领导职业发展的实证分析

在考察有关官员职业发展的四个基本模型（即政绩模型、派系模型、地方主义模型以及“干部四化”模型）的基础上，本研究通过描述乡镇领导人的人格特征以及所在乡镇的经济、税收、人口总量及其发展速度等客观因素，来分析在乡镇领导人的职业发展中有哪些因素发挥了显著作用，进而考察政绩模型对于乡镇领导人职业发展的解释能力。经验数据显示，政绩模型对于乡镇领导人的职业发展具有一定的解释，其中“税收”相对“经济总量”而言是一个更能显著影响乡镇领导职业发展的变量。与此同时，领导人的学历、现任职务、年龄等方面的因素在领导人的职业发展中提供了较强的解释力，显示了“干部四化”模型在现实中的解释力。