典型电动两轮车倒地滑动摩擦系数实验研究

目的 为获得典型电动两轮车倒地滑动摩擦系数,研究倒地滑行速度、路面干湿、路面材料以及电动两轮车结构等因素对电动两轮车倒地滑动摩擦系数的影响.方法 采用实车牵引法测试了“标准”和“非标”两种类型电动两轮车在四种常见路面上的0～50km/h速度区间内的倒地滑动摩擦系数.结果 电动两轮车在实验混凝土路面倒地滑动摩擦系数为0....     

Advances in Osteometric Sorting: Utilizing Diaphyseal CSG Properties for Lower Limb Skeletal Pair-Matching

Pair-matching of bilateral elements is a major component of resolving commingled remains both in forensic and bioarchaeological contexts. This study presents a new method of osteometric pair-matching of the lower limbs which relies on 3D digital models of the femur and tibia bones. The proposed method, which is accompanied by a freely available open-source implementation, automatically computes a number of osteometric variables including cross-sectional geometric properties from an assemblage of left and right bone antimeres and calculates probabilistically the appropriate matching pairs as well as single elements, whose bones antimere is not present in the given assemblage. The method has been extensively tested on a skeletal sample comprising 396 femurs and 422 tibias from the Athens collection. Our results in testing commingled assemblages with no disparity show that the method’s sensitivity is 1 for sorting femurs and 0.997 for sorting tibias, whereas in assemblages with moderate disparity the sensitivity is 0.999 and 0.992 respectively. Our results further indicate that sensitivity is unaffected by the size of the commingled assemblage although the percentage of identified true matching pairs drops as the number of commingled elements increases. This means that all identified antimeres matched to an individual are still very accurately sorted despite not every individual being identified in very large assemblages. The proposed method can facilitate the sorting process of commingled remains both accurately and efficiently, while leaving a very small percentage of unsorted elements that may require further techniques for further individualization.     

新藤黄酸通过PTEN-PI3K/AKT/VEGF/eNOS信号通路干预人脐静脉内皮细胞血管生成的研究

目的 探究PTEN-PI3K/Akt/VEGF/eNOS信号通路在新藤黄酸(gambogenic acid,GNA)抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial,HUVECs)迁移中的作用.方法 倒置显微镜下观察HUVECs形态变化;Boyden chamber实验以及细胞划痕...     

基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探究脑络欣通治疗缺血性脑卒中的机制

目的 采用网络药理学方法探究益气活血方脑络欣通治疗缺血性脑卒中（ischemic stroke,IS）的作用机制,并通过分子对接技术进行初步验证。方法 通过TCMSP、ETCM、化学专业数据库及文献筛选脑络欣通活性成分及作用靶点,通过OMIM、DisGeNET、GeneCards以及Drugbank数据库挖掘IS相关靶点;将交集靶点导入STRING平台和Cytoscape 3.8.2软件构建PPI网络并通过拓扑分析获得核心靶点,同时构建“中药—活性成分—核心靶点—疾病”可视化网络图;运用R软件进行GO功能及KEGG通路富集分析。最后借助Auto Dock Tools软件以及PyMOL软件进行分子对接和可视化。结果 脑络欣通的潜在活性成分78个,治疗IS的潜在作用靶点200个,核心靶点包括STAT3、JUN、MAPK1、TP53等;作用较突出的活性成分包括槲皮素、β-谷甾醇、山柰酚、木犀草素等。进一步的生物功能分析获得150条信号通路,包括PI3K-AKT信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、FoxO信号通路等关键通路。分子对接结果表明关键活性成分与核心靶点之间存在分子结合位点,并有较强的结合活性。结论 益气活血方脑络欣通可能是通过多成分、多靶点协同作用于氧化应激、炎症反应、细胞凋亡、自噬等生理病理环节,从而发挥治疗IS的作用。     

Validity of the use of porcine bone in forensic cut mark studies

Porcine bone is often used as a substitute for human bone in forensic trauma studies, but little has been published on its comparative mechanical behavior. The factors affecting mechanical properties and therefore selection of bone models are complex and include the age of the animal at death, and physiological loading conditions, the latter being of particular relevance when using a quadrupedal animal as a human substitute. The regional variation in hardness of adult and infant porcine bones was investigated using Vickers’ indentation tests and compared to published data for human limb bones to relate differences to inherent genetic effects and loading influences, and to examine the validity of the porcine‐human model. Significant differences in hardness were observed both along and around the adult porcine humerus and femur, but no significant differences were found along the length of the infant bones. Significant differences were found between the forelimb and hindlimb, but only in the infant specimens. The hardness values for porcine adult cortical bone from the femur (52.23 ± 1.00 kg mm^?2) were comparable to those reported in the literature for adult human cortical bone from the fibula, ilium, and calcaneus. These data will help inform subject selection in terms of both species and bone type for use in future trauma studies.     

Candidate ballot information and election outcomes: the Czech case

This study measures the importance of candidate characteristics listed on ballots for a candidate's position on a slate, for preferential votes received by a candidate, and, ultimately, for getting elected. We focus on the effects of gender, various types of academic titles, and also several novel properties of candidates' names. Using data on over 200,000 candidates competing in recent Czech municipal board and regional legislature elections, and conditioning on slate fixed effects, we find that ballot cues play a stronger role in small municipalities than in large cities and regions, despite the general agreement on higher candidate salience in small municipalities. We also quantify the electoral advantage of a slate being randomly listed first on a ballot.     

巨额财产来源不明罪的理论争议及法理浅析

《刑法修正案（七）》对在我国已运用了20年的巨额财产来源不明罪的法定刑进行了升格,从而有力的打击了腐败行为。而关于该罪与＂无罪推定＂、＂被告人不负自证无罪的义务＂等刑事法治原则是否违背的争议却从未间断,文章从法理的视角,对这一问题进行探讨。     

封缄物占有理论探讨——兼论单位人员非法获取封缄物之行为定性

在认定封缄物属性时,要结合外部特征、所指对象、作用效果三要素进行判断;封缄物占有理论共有受托者占有说、委托人占有说、区别说、修正区别说1、修正区别说2等5种学说,封缄物内容物由委托者在观念上占有应在刑法中予以评价,从而确认区别说的观点;从单位财物、占有主体、职务便利等要素出发,单位人员利用职务之便非法获取普通货物或侵吞...     

死因财产及其司法处理

因自然人死亡而产生的财产和债权,可统称为“死因财产”。死因财产与遗产既有联系,又有区别。死因财产的权利主体可以分为程序意义上的权利人、实体意义上的权利人和实际权利人,三个层次的权利人范围依次缩小。死因财产的义务主体较为复杂,因死因财产的类型不同而有所差异。丧葬费、丧葬补助金、死亡赔偿金、抚恤金、特别补助金、特别慰问金、亲友慰问金等是典型的死因财产。司法实践中,对死因财产宜作如下类型化处理：法律规范的强制性规定〉实体意义上权利人的合意〉执行遗嘱或参照遗嘱继承〉参照法定继承。     

加强官员对财产申报制度的社会心理认同

官员财产申报制度已被各国在反腐实践中公认为有效的＂阳光法案＂。在我国,长期的制度缺失不仅增加了反腐败的难度和成本,而且诱发了腐败分子的侥幸心理。近年来,我国官员财产申报制度试点过程表明,制度实施的阻力主要来自官员阶层。官员财产申报除了制度要素本身的制定和完善之外,还需要一个社会心理的认同和达成基本共识的过程,而这种共识的形成又不可能完全依靠官员的自发认识,需要从内在认知和外在条件两方面不断强化和推动。目前,应从＂隐私保护＂、＂行为追溯＂、＂潜在风险＂、＂势在必行＂四个焦点问题上逐步达成共识,加强认同,以期为制度的不断完善和真正实施做好准备。