法律实证主义散论

法律实证主义是20世纪西方三大主要法学流派之一。同时，它还是一个难以精确界定的学术派剐，“法律命令说”不过是法律实证主义的伪标志。法律实证主义的意旨是：通过概念分析，从而使得法学成为一门自足的科学。法律实证主义思想在清末民初时传入我国，但并没有真正地扎下根来。法律实证主义对于当下中国的法学发展、法治建设以及司法实践有着重要的启示意义。     

技术入股制度的比较法考察

鉴于工业技术的快速发展和产品生命周期的迅速变化,人类所制定之法制方式一再被挑战,同时各国之科技及各国公司间之技术差异日益扩大。技术入股制度可以鼓励技术提供者与技术需求者之间的合作,以创造公司之最大利益。立法单位为寻求技术入股制度相关理论基础,可参酌其它国家相关法律实证经验,迅速且正确地规范其执行问题,以为企业对技术出资运用方式之依据。此外,亦可提供一套使公司具有国内外竞争力的资本理论,评估其在中国市场经济运用的可能性及其对内资企业竞争能量提升的需求,并加速中国科技建设的步伐,以培育世界一流企业。     

社会转型期多元化的行政法特色

中国行政法的孕育、诞生和成长是与中国78年改革开放以来的社会转型时期紧密结合的,在这一转型时期所具备的政治、经济、文化、社会因素为中国行政法的诞生和成长提供了适当的环境。行政法从诞生以来就表现出顽强的生命力,并因其多元化的存在态势而令学界侧目。     

论中国共产党人德治思想的继承、发展与升华

在中国共产党人德治思想的发展史上，以毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民为代表的德治思想是一个一脉相承的科学体系。正确认识不同时代的中国共产党人在治国、治党、育人等方面体现出的德治理念，准确把握其德治思想的继承、发展和升华过程，对于进一步落实科学发展观，践行社会主义荣辱观，构建社会主义和谐社会的有着重要的意义。     

Competition and cooperation in artificial intelligence standard setting: Explaining emergent patterns

Efforts to set standards for artificial intelligence (AI) reveal striking patterns: technical experts hailing from geopolitical rivals, such as the United States and China, readily collaborate on technical AI standards within transnational standard-setting organizations, whereas governments are much less willing to collaborate on global ethical AI standards within international organizations. Whether competition or cooperation prevails can be explained by three variables: the actors that make up the membership of the standard-setting organization, the issues on which the organization's standard-setting efforts focus, and the “games” actors play when trying to set standards within a particular type of organization. A preliminary empirical analysis provides support for the contention that actors, issues, and games affect the prospects for cooperation on global AI standards. It matters because shared standards are vital for achieving truly global frameworks for the governance of AI. Such global frameworks, in turn, lower transaction costs and the probability that the world will witness the emergence of AI systems that threaten human rights and fundamental freedoms.     

How did international economic regulation survive the last period of deglobalization?

As trade wars and protectionism again present severe challenges and obstructions to international economic regulatory organizations (IEROs), it is timely to ask how their predecessors survived the last deep deglobalization of the interwar years. This article presents a fresh neo-Durkheimian institutional explanation. It highlights contrasting pathways to survival and bequest of IEROs in three fields of regulation – international infrastructure, capital and labor, and commodities. Our explanation shows that functional imperatives and short-term market pressures in these different areas of regulation facilitated specific forms of social organization within IEROs (such as hierarchy or individualistic brokering). These contrasting forms of social organization cultivated distinct regulatory styles during deglobalization and cultivated capacities for contrasting survival and bequest strategies. Our approach is thus able to account for variation in pathways to survival in a way that other possible explanations, such as theories of regulatory capture or bureaucratic autonomy, cannot.     

Nordic Cultural Baselines: Accounting for Domestic Convergence and Foreign Policy Divergence

The five Nordic countries converged remarkably when developing domestic institutions, but they diverged significantly when developing foreign policies. Grid-group theory prescribes four contending cultures—hierarchy, egalitarianism, individualism, and fatalism—and offers a basis for understanding the structure of political coalitions and conflicts. Surveys from the five Nordic countries measuring cultural baselines are used to estimate the degree of convergence and divergence. The countries converge with reference to high agreement with egalitarianism, individualism, and hierarchy, and disagreement with fatalism. This concords with the historically strong regime of social democracy in this region. The five countries diverge with reference to their foreign policy in that they polarize along two dimensions. To the east, there is increasing fatalism associated with countries not being members of NATO; to the north, there is increasing egalitarianism associated with countries not being members of the European Union. Given the importance of popular support through referenda, an eventual accession of Norway and Iceland to the EU cannot happen unless egalitarianism diminishes among their publics.     

新发展观的文化阐释

新发展观是人民追求幸福生活的期盼。新发展观作为一种新理念是当代中国的国富论,它为我们解决前进道路上面临的矛盾和问题,为顺利推进全面建设小康社会和整个现代化事业,提供了正确的指导思想和根本方针。新发展观作为一种文化选择,是对发展理论和社会主义建设规律的总结。新发展观作为一种文化自觉,体现了可贵的人本精神、和谐意识、忧患意识、实践品格。     

价值决定问题新探

价值决定问题是经济学理论一再探索而未能完全解决的难题。中国正处在发展市场经济过程中,弄清经济学的这个基本理论问题,对坚持和深化改革同样具有深远意义。     

国家调节说的经济法体系之国际适用性研究——以日本的国家经济调节职能与经济法理论为例

进入垄断资本主义阶段后,为弥补市场失灵的缺陷,日本对经济实施了市场规制、宏观调控、国家投资经营三种国家经济调节职能,并相应制定了三种类型的经济法律法规对其予以规范和保障。日本国家的经济调节职能及经济法立法的实践表明日本经济法理论研究与日本国家经济调节实践之间存在一定的偏差。国家调节说为经济法体系的构建提供了科学基准,日本的现状证明了国家调节说对于构建经济法体系的国际适用性。