Gendered Pathways to Bullying Perpetration via Social Achievement Goals – Mediating Effects of Sense of Belonging and Non-inclusive Group Norms

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the gender-specific effects of social achievement goals – i.e., social development goals, social demonstration approach goals, and social demonstration avoid goals – on bullying perpetration in a sample of 788 adolescents (53.3% girls), taking into account the mediating role of sense of belonging and non-inclusive group norms. Two-group structural equation modeling results indicated that social demonstration approach goals positively predicted bullying perpetration for both genders. For girls, higher social development goals and for boys, higher social avoidance goals decreased bullying perpetration. Gender-specific effects of belonging and non-inclusive group norms on bullying perpetration occurred. For boys, non-inclusive group norms mediated the relation between all social achievement goals and bullying perpetration. Implications for future research and (gender-sensitive) bullying interventions are discussed.     

Older parents' expectations for filial support

A measure of general filial obligation expectations is presented. With data from a representative sample aged 70 and older, we show that generalized expectations for support from adult children are not patterned systematically by sociodemographic factors or by health needs of the older respondents. A typology is presented which relates expectations for help to judgments of the level received. This typology is meaningfully related to social indicators presumably related to need such as marital status and socioeconomic status. Whether one is dissatisfied, satisfied, or pleasantly surprised by the assistance one receives is associated with evaluative judgments of children. The parent-child bond is affected not only by exchange patterns but by the fit between expectations and exchange patterns.     

斯威顿耕作方式的实存及其价值评估

本文认为“现代化”的胜利 ,并不一定会导致人类多元文化并存的终结。相反 ,在“现代化”进程中不断地强化了多元文化 ,各民族的经济生活方式不会因此而消失。族际经济生活方式差异并不是简单地等于“先进”与“落后”、“强势与弱势”的线性关系 ,而是包含着其类型与样式系统复合性的综合差异 ,使之构成与其生境 (自然环境与社会环境 )相适应的文化结构逻辑关系。纵然在族群互动中发生了一系列变迁 ,但族际经济生活的差异从文化底蕴中仍然可以看到其经济生活的差异的存在。本文对西南地区从事斯威顿耕作经济生活方式的实存研究出发 ,对其价值进行了评估。这些评估指标的建立对于分析不同类型、不同样式的族际经济生活方式有一定的代表性     

论"以德治国"之下思想道德建设的层次性

加强思想道德建设,应将道德建设在现阶段对人们的层次性要求进行合乎实际的科学解释,在具体实践中,针对不同群体,思想道德建设的内容和要求也应各有侧重。     

裁判规范还是行为规范——对滥用职权罪的功能性考察

刑法规范具有行为规范和裁判规范的功能。滥用职权罪应以行为规范功能为先,以“重大损失”作为构成要件限制了其行为规范功能;司法上的扩张解释虽然有助于实现该功能,却又危及罪刑法定原则。滥用职权罪之行为规范立足于规范的实质根据和价值取向,构造为义务规范,旨在保障职权的安全行使。立法和司法工作应当遵循行为规范功能,强化义务意识,预防优先。     

论行政紧急权力的宪政基础及其规制——从“巴黎骚乱事件”说起

行政紧急权力是国家紧急权力中的重要部分,是紧急状态法制的核心问题。为了更好地进行紧急状态立法,需要对行政紧急权力的宪政基础、宪法规范、宪法性质及宪政规制做深入研究。行政紧急权力在宪政上是必要的,但其性质不应具有“超宪性”,其宪法规范依据需要进一步健全和完善。对行政紧急权力需要立法和司法方面的宪政规制,特别是来自司法审查的制约。     

When it pays to be honest: How a variable period of good conduct can improve incentives in personal bankruptcy proceedings

Consumer bankruptcy regulation in the United States as well as in many other countries allow consumers to petition for a partial debt discharge. Usually, a debt release is possible when the debtor behaves in the creditors’ best interest and after filing for bankruptcy signs over her entire disposable income for a fixed period. Depending on the country the period lasts between three and six years. We show that a fixed period distorts the consumer’s ex-post incentives to work hard. Instead, we suggest to adequately reduce the outstanding claim and to make debt release contingent on payment. When the consumer manages to pay back the reduced amount, the rest of the initial debt should be discharged immediately. In effect, the consumer becomes the residual claimant of her endeavors. The period of good conduct is effectively variable. JEL classification D18. D91. K29     

山东女道德社的慈善活动简论

民国时期,由于社会的变迁、妇女参与意识的增强以及道院的推动,女道德社在山东省普遍设立.它们通过阐述道慈关系来激发妇女内心的善念并吸引妇女求修,救济对象以不幸的妇女儿童为主,但其活动仅限于修身和行善等方面,在妇女解放问题上显得比较迟钝.     

多维透析青年道德规范的特殊性

青年道德规范是青年在社会道德生活中的行动准则和行为标准,青年道德规范的特殊性主要表现在规范导向的时代感(点)、规范要求的层次性(面)、规范目标的前瞻性(线)。     

从命令到权威——读《法理学的范围》

从学术敏感度的视角来看,奥斯丁的“命令说”,相对于那些针对此学说展开批评的评论家们的理论,还是毫不逊色的。无论从认识论意义上还是从本体论意义上讲,法律都无法摆脱道德的“纠缠”。如果固执地生拉硬扯地去单独认识他们中的一个,答案将不是完整的。奥斯丁的“法律命令说”以及“恶法亦法”的思想,毫无疑问锤炼了人们对法律的权威性的尊崇。这一学术贡献也是对西方思想传统中延续了两千多年的价值一元论的继承。