新经济进程中美国共同基金的新发展

共同基金起源于英国,发展于美国,已成为美国一种主要投资方式.特别是在近10年的美国新经济时期,取得了前所未有的发展,基金总额从90年代初的1万亿美元增长到90年代末的5.5万亿美元.美国新经济与共同基金有着密不可分的互动关系,经济发展和股市的内在依存关系又深深牵动着共同基金.     

司法解释概念的认识论分析

人们在不同的论域中使用司法解释概念:权力说与手段说的司法解释、理性与非理性的司法解释、方法论与本体论的司法解释。从认识论角度看,不同的概念又具有共同之处。司法解释活动本身就是一种不同于反映性认识的解释性认识活动。司法解释体现了认识性活动与实践性活动的统一,法官司法判断的方法论与本体论的统一,理解、解释、论证、应用等阶段性活动的统一。     

论自我摹写笔迹及其鉴定

探讨自我摹写笔迹的特殊机理、特殊书写方式、特殊规律、特殊鉴定方法和标准,论述摹写与仿写的不同概念、不同书写方式、不同书写机理、不同书写结果等若干基本问题;归纳自我摹写笔迹的四个特点及其相应的特点规律并总结了鉴定识别的要点;第三部份探讨了鉴定此类笔迹的特殊方法与鉴定结论的标准问题。     

刑事审级制度的哲学与法理基础

刑事审级制度是我国刑事诉讼中的一项重要的制度,它的构建是否科学、合理,直接影响到司法的统一性、正义性、终局性和权威性的实现。希冀通过对刑事审级制度的哲学和法理基础的分析,来抛砖引玉,为我国刑事审级制度的完善进一步充实理论依据。     

Keeping face in the public sphere: recognition,discretion and Uzbekistan's relations with the United States and Germany, 1991–2006

The manner in which President Karimov's roles were recognized in the global arena affected how Uzbekistan's international relations developed – a perspective that highlights both the form and the content of bilateral relationships. While mutual interests are crucial to beginning a relationship, it is also important to understand how those relations were recognized in public and dealt with in private. If partners managed to recognize Karimov's agenda publicly, or at least act with discretion, this tended to create an atmosphere favouring cooperation. As such, recognition and discretion reveal much about Karimov's concerns with international equality and self-reliance, pointing to the reasons why Uzbekistan's relations fluctuated more with some actors than others. The United States and Germany are ideal examples of that ambivalent situation: Washington often cooperated with Uzbekistan on security matters, but then saw its military personnel excluded from Qarshi-Qanabad after the 2005 Andijan crisis; whereas Berlin witnessed little change in its relationship with Uzbekistan and continued to lease a base in Termez after 2005. This difference in outcomes can be explained in part by a dynamic of recognition and discretion.     

Color Separation in Forensic Image Processing Using Interactive Differential Evolution

Color separation is an image processing technique that has often been used in forensic applications to differentiate among variant colors and to remove unwanted image interference. This process can reveal important information such as covered text or fingerprints in forensic investigation procedures. However, several limitations prevent users from selecting the appropriate parameters pertaining to the desired and undesired colors. This study proposes the hybridization of an interactive differential evolution (IDE) and a color separation technique that no longer requires users to guess required control parameters. The IDE algorithm optimizes these parameters in an interactive manner by utilizing human visual judgment to uncover desired objects. A comprehensive experimental verification has been conducted on various sample test images, including heavily obscured texts, texts with subtle color variations, and fingerprint smudges. The advantage of IDE is apparent as it effectively optimizes the color separation parameters at a level indiscernible to the naked eyes.     

当今犯罪构成理论的八大矛盾

现今犯罪构成理论的基本理论和基本框架是正确的 ,但在一些细节上却存在不少矛盾 ,比如 ,犯罪构成定义认为 ,犯罪构成决定行为的社会危害性及其大小 ,这与事物的性质由事物的内在矛盾决定的原理相矛盾。再如 ,通说将犯罪客观方面称为犯罪构成的要件 ,将客观方面包含的行为、结果也称为客观要件 ,这与逻辑上的种属关系相矛盾。此外还有 ,犯罪客体的定义与犯罪客体的地位相矛盾、刑事责任能力与刑法理论相矛盾 ,等等。这些矛盾说明 ,现今的犯罪构成理论还不够完善     

激活学生外语学习自觉性与自主感的策略

大学英语教学过程中,师生之间增进双方理解、相互信任、和谐相处,缩短彼此心理距离,有利于培养学生的自信心,提高他们学习的自觉性,增强他们的自主感、成就感,为学生创造更多的成功机会。     

文档数字化系统--构筑信息化大厦的基石

文档数字化系统，就是将传统的纸张文档通过纸张扫描、图文优化、信息内容提取、编目归档等数字化技术加工成电子化的信息数据，将数字文档进行高质量保存和管理，实施知识增值，并提供网络高速存取服务。文档数字化系统功能完整，能够满足纸质文档批量式输入、加工、编目、有机共事等多方面需求，对高等学校信息资源数字化建设具有广泛意义。     

A Political Economy Model of Workers Representation: The Case of Union Elections in Spain

In this article we present a political economy model to analyse the effects of union elections. Union elections are the prerequisite for participating in collective bargaining and they are a unique Spanish institution for union recognition. We apply standard political economy assumptions to model the union elections in order to understand their influence on the dynamics of the unemployment rate. Although union elections give the right to vote to virtually all workers, we show that insider power exists and that it introduces a hysteresis effect on the unemployment rate. In addition, the model shows how the date of the union elections can amplify the business cycle. An empirical analysis confirms the main predictions of the model.JEL Classification: K31, J51, E24