鸭H5N1型高致病性禽流感的病理组织学观察

对发生H5N1型高致病性禽流感鸭场的鸭进行了病理组织学观察。结果显示 ,该养鸭场患鸭禽流感病鸭的剖检变化以眼结膜潮红出血 ,心肌白色条纹状坏死、条带样出血 ,胰腺有白色或透明坏死点 ,胃肠出血等为特征。组织学以非化脓性脑炎、胰腺坏死、心肌坏死、坏死性脾炎的病理变化为主。     

民主不能作为战争的合法理由

美英发动对伊战争的一个理由 ,是伊拉克国内政权不民主。但这只是道德上的理由 ,而非法律上的理由。当代国际法不承认以民主为由使用武力的合法性 ,《联合国宪章》第 2条第 4款及其他相关条款 ,都能够充分证明这一点。民主作为战争的合法理由 ,也不应该成为国际法发展的方向 ,从根本上讲 ,这不符合各国的国家利益。战争不能也不应作为推行国家政策的工具。     

IDEF0方法在现代人事行政考核中的应用

IDEF(ICAM Ddfinition meth0ds)方法能从复杂系统的功能、信息、对象等不同角度进行建模分析,有利于迅速确定复杂系统的主要特征,具有准确性和精确性的优点.在现代人事行政考核中应用IDEF0方法,通过系统方法、建模手段和规定的图形符号和技术语言的运用,从考核的功能、主体、对象、信息、机制等不同角度,按照考核系统自顶向下、考核要素逐层分解的方法来建立系统功能模型,能进一步提高考核的系统化、模式化的程度,增强考核的信度和效度,为落实正确的政绩观提供技术支持和保证.     

禽流感病毒RT-PCR及多重RT-PCR检测技术的建立

研究建立了禽流感病毒(AIV)A型、H5、N1、H9、N2亚型特异性RT-PCR及H5/N1、H9/N2、A/H5/N1多重RT-PCR检测技术,用于检测或同时检测和鉴别A型及H5N1、H9N2亚型AIV。所建立的RT-PCR和多重RT-PCR从核酸提取、基因扩增到产物分析在3~4h内即可完成,经对36株AIV及相关病毒分离物检测,与病毒分离鉴定的结果完全一致,且与相关病毒或其他亚型无交叉反应。采用多重RT-PCR检测80份棉拭子样品,并与病毒分离鉴定方法比较,二者H5N1、H9N2亚型的鉴定结果完全吻合。结果表明,该方法具有快速、敏感、特异等优点,为临诊样品中AIV型及H5N1、H9N2亚型鉴定和诊断的有效方法。     

完善上海合作组织反恐法律机制之建言

上海合作组织建立至今，在机制建设方面取得了许多辉煌的成就，但目前仍然处在机制建设的早期阶段。有待于进一步完善的地方很多，至少在“反恐机制”的完善方面还有如下几方面值得我们深思：建立常设性联合军事机制；构建上海合作组织6＋N的反恐合作伙伴机制；区别对待恐怖主义、分裂主义、极端主义的引渡问题，对恐怖主义引渡问题适用“不引渡则起诉”原则；适当补充公约中有关反恐人权保障的条款。     

University–Industry Linkage Framework to Identify Opportunity Areas

Although there are many studies of the collaboration between academia and industry in developed countries explaining the phenomenon and prescribing best practices, the findings cannot be extrapolated to developing countries. This article fills the gap by studying these interactions for the case of Mexico. To study these interactions, we performed a state‐of‐the‐art matrix analysis to obtain internal, structural, and environmental factors from literature. Then, an interpretative structural framework was built as a model to identify opportunities in the collaboration process. The results are presented in a map that describes how each element influences the others and highlights opportunities for improvement. The model shows that industry triggers collaboration and presents a highly complex internal organization for the academy. This study helps decision makers in government, the academy, and industry to understand the elements and how the system works to develop strategies that promote more effective collaboration.     

经济全球化、加入WTO与中国宏观调控法的任务

经济全球化、加入WTO使中国的宏观调控法面临新的任务.首先,宏观调控立法要有透明度;其次,政府在行使宏观调控权时要有新思路;最后,宏观调控具体法律制度需要完善.     

Gender Mainstreaming and Global Governance

This article seeks to explain the variable implementation of gender mainstreaming as a `policy frame' over time and across various international organisations (I.O.s). In the years since the U.N. Fourth World Women's Conference in Beijing (1995),mainstreaming has been endorsed and adopted by a wide range of international organisations, and we compare the adoption and implementation of mainstreaming in four specific I.O.s: the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme, the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the European Union. The rhetorical acceptance of mainstreaming by various international organisations, however, obscures considerable variation in both the timing and the nature of the mainstreaming process within and among organisations. This variation, in turn, can be explained in terms of the categories of political opportunity, mobilising structures and strategic framing, which have been put forward by social movement theorists. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

小白鼠肝脏5’—核苷酸酶活力与死亡时间的关系

小白鼠死亡后，肝脏不离体恒温保存，定时定量制备肝浸出液为酶样品，催化5’-腺苷酸（5’AMP）生成腺苷和无机磷酸，后者在还原利存在下与钼酸试剂发生蓝色反应，其颜色深度与磷酸含量成正比。用722型分光光度计测定光密度（OD值），计算酶活力。在三种温度下，经5次重复实验，发现小白鼠死亡后在3O℃12小时、18℃21小时、7℃24小时，其酶活力降低均呈明显的规律性。说明此酶用于一定温度和时间范围内的死亡时间推断具有参考价值。     

The Africans

A virtual consensus exists that Catholics fare worse than Protestants in the N. Ireland labour market. The political implications of this imbalance have been extensive since the present bloody conflict has its origins in a civil rights campaign that demanded an end to Catholic economic and social disadvantage. A range of contrasting studies has attempted to explain the cause of unequal performance between Catholies and and Protestants in employment. This paper surveys the robustness of these investigations which are categorized under: (1) political explanations; (2) quasi-human capital studies; and (3) econometric and statistical assessments. It is suggested that each category has some merits, but none on its own is convincing. The paper concludes that we should adopt an eclectic apparoach to explaining the better employment position of protestants.