人才资源面临入世挑战政府必须有所作为

入世后,中国面临世界大市场经济的进一步挑战,而应对挑战亦或抓住机遇的首要问题是人才问题,政府的人才观念和适宜的政策机制,是企业、单位留住人才用好人才的“尚方宝剑”。     

Analyzing Territorial and Sectorial Dimensions of Public–Private Partnerships in Science,Technology, and Innovation policies

The performance of innovation systems depends, to a great extent, on the degree of public–private collaboration they involve. Thus, innovation policies often aim to enhance this collaboration through public–private partnerships. These partnerships are a multidimensional phenomenon whose success depends on factors related to each of their dimensions. This paper proposes the use of an analytical model that reflects the multidimensional nature of public–private partnerships and analyses to what extent they are applied in a specific innovation system in order to identify the territorial and sectorial factors that act as barriers or drivers to use them. This model aims to help policy makers design appropriate public–private partnerships in each context. The case under review is the Spanish innovation system, given that this system has been suffering from a structural lack of collaboration for several decades, despite the implementation of policies aimed to foster this. Thus, if the model works, it should be able to identify key factors that influence greater or more restricted use of the different PPP formulas.     

彭州市完善村级治理机制的调查

围绕农村产权制度改革和灾后重建，彭州市积极探索村级治理新机制。本文就当前彭州市村级治理机制现状和问题进行了调查研究，发现了一些问题，彭州市为破解这些难题，探索出了新型村级治理机制“131N”。     

洗钱罪构成要件与立法完善

我国现行《刑法》及《修正案》关于洗钱罪犯罪构成的设计还存在较多缺陷,与我国签署的相关国际公约还不协调,尤其未能把贪污贿赂犯罪纳入洗钱罪的上游犯罪,不利于惩治腐败犯罪,也不利于反洗钱的国际合作。因而,应尽快制定《反洗钱法》,惩治洗钱罪的上游犯罪,完善相关的刑事措施与制度,加强反洗钱国际合作。     

不同前处理方法提取牙齿DNA的比较

目的对三种不同前处理方法提取的牙齿DNA浓度进行比较,建立一种操作简便、经济适用、浓度较高的牙齿DNA提取的前处理方法。方法选择源自7具尸体的共21颗磨牙,每具尸体的3颗磨牙随机按牙屑法、球磨法、液氮研磨法进行前处理,并分别称取50 mg,采用Auto Mate Express~(TM)法医DNA提取系统提取DNA,对三种方法提取的DNA浓度和STR分型结果进行比较。结果牙屑法、球磨法和液氮研磨法提取的DNA质量浓度分别为0.055 6~1.989 1、0.036 6~1.175 6和0.037 8~1.249 0 ng/μL,牙屑法提取的DNA质量浓度较高(P0.05),且STR分型成功率高。结论牙屑法结合Auto Mate Express~(TM)法医DNA提取系统是提取牙齿DNA的一种切实可行的方法,可应用于法医学鉴定实践中。     

Analytical Characterization of Erythritol Tetranitrate,an Improvised Explosive

Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN), an ester of nitric acid and erythritol, is a solid crystalline explosive with high explosive performance. Although it has never been used in any industrial or military application, it has become one of the most prepared and misused improvise explosives. In this study, several analytical techniques were explored to facilitate analysis in forensic laboratories. FTIR and Raman spectrometry measurements expand existing data and bring more detailed assignment of bands through the parallel study of erythritol [¹⁵N₄] tetranitrate. In the case of powder diffraction, recently published data were verified, and ¹H, ¹³C, and ¹⁵N NMR spectra are discussed in detail. The technique of electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was successfully used for the analysis of ETN. Described methods allow fast, versatile, and reliable detection or analysis of samples containing erythritol tetranitrate in forensic laboratories.     

Delirium Due to Intoxication from the Novel Synthetic Tryptamine 5‐MeO‐DALT

Synthetic tryptamines have gained popularity for their hallucinogenic properties, unscheduled status, and availability from “head shops” and through the internet. Here, we present a case of synthetic tryptamine‐induced delirium secondary to 5‐MeO‐DALT ingestion in a previously healthy young male. 5‐MeO‐DALT led to the hospitalization of our patient after ingestion of a standard dose, presenting with extreme agitation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and combativeness leading to physical restraint and intravenous sedation. A search of PubMed, Ovid, and Google Scholar for keywords of “5‐MeO‐DALT,” “5‐methoxy‐N,N‐diallyltryptamine,” or “Lucy‐N‐Nate” found no case reports or clinical articles in the literature. Rapid emergence and commercialization of this novel synthetic tryptamine 5‐MeO‐DALT points to the importance of health care and forensic professionals keeping abreast of the latest drugs of abuse and their clinical features. The authors hope this report leads the way in disseminating the potential risks associated with unscheduled and unregulated substances, synthetic tryptamines such as 5‐MeO‐DALT in particular.     

A Rare Case of Poisoning with a Volatile Substance: Quantitative Determination of n‐Butane in Postmortem Tissue

Poisoning with volatile substances remains exceptional. Authors report the case of a married couple who were found in a car with a butane gas bottle: the woman was dead and her husband alleged it was an unsuccessful suicide pact. A specific research of volatile substances on postmortem samples with headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry following a quantitative determination was performed. The n‐butane concentrations detected were composed of 610 μg/L (cardiac blood), 50 μg/kg (brain), 134 μg/kg (lungs), 285 μg/kg (liver), and 4090 μg/kg (heart) and were compatible with the rare lethal concentrations evoked in the literature. The cause of death was determined to be asphyxiation through n‐butane criminal poisoning. Authors recommendation therefore is to take samples immediately and place them in properly sealed containers and hence analyzing the samples as soon as possible after collecting them or storing them under ?30°C (?22°F) if analyses cannot be performed immediately.     

展呈H5N1亚型禽流感病毒M2e表位鞭毛蛋白的构建及其免疫原性

以重组质粒pET-fliC和pUC57-M2e2为模板,通过重叠PCR将M2e2基因插入fliC的高变区域,构建嵌合鞭毛基因片段fliC/M2e2。将fliC/M2e2片段插入原核表达载体pET30a+,获得重组质粒pET-fliC/M2e2,将其转化鼠伤寒沙门氏菌LB5000,获得重组菌LB5000(fliC/M2e2)。应用P22噬菌体转导技术,将fliC/M2e2基因导入都柏林沙门氏菌SL5928的基因组中,经生化血清学鉴定、动力学测定、透射电镜观察、Western-blot分析,将阳性转导菌命名为SL5928(fliC/M2e2)。提取重组菌鞭毛蛋白fliC/M2e2作用HEK293-mTLR5细胞,能刺激细胞分泌IL-8。将fliC/M2e2通过皮下注射途径免疫C3H/HeJ小鼠,50μg/只。结果显示,二免后第14天,fliC/M2e2鞭毛蛋白免疫组的血清抗体效价与对照组之间呈现显著性差异(P<0.05)。ELISPOT结果表明,在脾细胞中,fliC/M2e2鞭毛蛋白免疫组检测到较高水平的IFN-γ和IL-4分泌细胞,且免疫应答以Th1型为主。结果表明,构建的fliC/M2e2嵌合基因能够在沙门氏菌中表达,重组嵌合鞭毛蛋白fliC/M2e2能激发机体针对M2e表位的体液免疫应答和Th1型细胞免疫应答。     

重组鸡白细胞介素6对不同种类疫苗的免疫增强作用

为评价重组鸡白细胞介素6(rChIL-6)在商品鸡体内对不同种类疫苗的免疫增强作用,采用不同接种方式,应用rChIL-6分别对不同种类新城疫病毒(NDV)单联疫苗和新城疫病毒-传染性支气管炎病毒-禽流感病毒H9亚型三联疫苗(NDV-IBV-H9)进行了免疫增强试验以及传染性法氏囊病病毒(IBDV)单联油乳剂灭活疫苗的免疫增强田间试验,并进行了将rChIL-6与NDV Ⅳ系预混合乳化制备成的灭活疫苗的免疫试验.结果表明,将rChIL-6与NDVⅣ系、Ⅰ系活疫苗预混合后分别采用滴鼻点眼、肌肉注射接种方式的免疫增强效果优于其他方式;rChIL-6与NDV抗原预混后制备成油乳剂灭活疫苗的免疫增强效果优于将相同抗原量的NDV油乳剂灭活疫苗和rChIL-6同时分点免疫接种.rChIL-6对NDV油乳剂灭活疫苗的免疫增强效果优于活疫苗,对NDV单联灭活疫苗的免疫增强效果优于NDV-IBV-H9三联灭活疫苗.田间试验表明,rChIL-6对IBDV油乳剂灭活疫苗首免和二免都具有显著的免疫增强作用,二免的免疫增强效果优于首免.这些研究结果为进一步开展新型鸡基因工程免疫增强剂研究奠定了基础.