先秦法思想之名学框架略诠——从孔子的正名主义到申韩的刑名之论

在先秦名辩思潮中,名实之论乃是诸学之媒介,常为诸子论政的形式性架构。儒家的正名主义发其端绪,法家的刑名之论曲备其详,典型代表了名辩思潮的政治化、实用化路径。儒法之名论,勾勒出从"秩序"价值到"赏刑"手段的名论脉络,且阐发了法律的"圣人制礼(或立禁)"的法起源论与"定纷止争"的法功能论,搭建出中国古代法思想的基本框架。儒、法皆"贵名之正",无意于申说法制之"名"对社会之"实"的反映,而贵乎法制之"名"对社会之"实"的统制。故而,儒法之名论不单显现了轴心时代关于法律学说共通的逻辑言说,更揭示了毫无二致的"法自君出"之本质精神。     

论网络域名的法律问题

域名是指在因特网上使用的用来区别不同网站主页的网络地址,是知识产权保护的客体。由于世界上还未成立域名保护的国际公约或多边协议。各国大多采取商标制度为基础的保护模式。解决域名纠纷:一是通过司法途径,二是请求工商行政管理机关行政处理,三是通过仲裁方式。     

论哲学化的法理学

法理学名称经历了从部门哲学、法哲学、法律哲学、法理学到哲学的法理学的演变过程;法理学学术问题有描述性问题、规范性问题和哲学问题三种基本类型;研究法的哲学问题的法理学实际上就是法的世界观的学问,具有人的实践基础上的科学性和价值性的特征;在当今时代研究法理学哲学问题的最好途径和最好方法是对历史中的法理学进行理解和解释。     

Practising homeland security across the Atlantic: practical learning and policy convergence in Europe and North America

Abstract

Despite different traditions, interests and perceptions characterizing North American and European approaches to homeland security, since 9/11 policy-makers across the Atlantic have formulated increasingly similar policies to deal with terrorism and other international security threats. Challenging mainstream accounts elaborated in the policy convergence literature, and drawing from sociological works in performance studies, this essay argues that the recent evolution of homeland security policies in Europe and North America can be understood as an instance of ‘practical learning’. From this perspective, this outcome is the result of the acquisition on the part of European and North American policy-makers of the practical knowledge necessary to carry out the new policies, policies learned by mimicking the practices of their counterparts across the Atlantic. This argument is then applied to examine two cases of policy convergence in Europe and North America – the proposal for a ‘European Passenger Name Record’ system and the project of a regional ‘Security Perimeter’.     

Russian PNR system: Data protection issues and global prospects

The usage of Passenger Name Record (PNR) for security purposes is growing worldwide. At least six countries have PNR systems; over thirty are planning to introduce them. On 1 December 2013, a Russian PNR system will be implemented. But enhanced collection of personal data leads to increased surveillance and privacy concerns. Russian authorities state that passengers' rights will be respected, but a closer look at the Russian regime reveals a number of critical points. From a global perspective, the Russian regime is only one of many PNR systems, including new ones to come in the future. Apparently, for the majority of them, similar challenges and problems will apply. At the same time, for the EU, with its strict data protection requirements, PNR requests by third countries (i.e. non-EU countries) create conflicts of laws. In order to resolve them, the EU concludes bilateral PNR agreements. However, the current deals, especially the one between the EU and the USA, involve a number of weaknesses. Accepting the latter, and having a pending proposal on the EU PNR system, the EU has weakened its position in negotiations with third countries. How will the EU deal with the Russian as well as with all the future requests for PNR? This paper provides legal analysis of the Russian PNR regime, pointing out common problems and giving prognosis on the global situation.     

论入世后我国外贸代理制度的发展与完善

我国已于2001年12月正式成为WTO的成员方,这对我国涉外经济法律制度的建设将产生重大影响。本文从完善我国外贸代理法律制度的目的出发,分析了我国现行外贸代理法律制度中存在的一些问题,对1999年我国颁布的《合同法》对外贸代理法律制度的促进也进行了必要的论述,同时,对在加入WTO后,我国外贸代理法律制度的发展和完善提出了几点思考。     

论姓名的界定、特征、功能——以法律制度为中心

姓名是“姓和名字”的统称。姓氏可分为源于父的姓、源于母的姓、源于双方的姓、其他情况;名字应该分为“中间字”和“最后字”。自然人的职级、职务、笔名、学位、绰号均不是姓名的组成部分。姓名的特征主要有：获得姓名既是权利又是义务、是由他人授予的、必须加以登记、其持有者为自然人、由姓氏和名字合成、两部分既有配合又有分工、不得擅自变更、用字受到严格的限制。姓名的主要功能是：识别自然人、指示家庭关系、指示民族、指示性别。