The Innovation Paradox in Southern Europe. Unexpected Performance During the Economic Crisis

The international crisis has exerted a strong impact on the National Innovation Systems (NIS) of three Southern European economies: Italy, Portugal and Spain. These countries represent interesting cases for analysing responses to the crisis because they show a sort of innovation paradox: despite the weakness of their institutional systems and the defensive policies developed by governments, some of their companies have nevertheless been able to innovate even during the hardest years of the recession. In order to shed light on this paradox, three matters are taken into account: the distinctive features of the South European National Innovation Systems; the behaviour of governments and companies; the ‘generative dynamics’ and the ‘creative processes’ that have taken place during the crisis.     

“Our biggest killer”: multimodal discourse representations of dementia in the British press

A recent (2016) Office for National Statistics report stated that dementia is now “the leading cause of death” in England and Wales. Ever fixated with the syndrome (an unfailingly newsworthy topic), the British press was quick to respond to the bulletin, consistently headlining that dementia was the nation’s “biggest killer,” while (re)formulating other aspects of the report in distorting and emotive metaphorical terms. In this paper we examine how the media, through use of a recurring set of linguistic and visual semiotic tropes, portrayed dementia as an agentive entity, a “killer,” which remorselessly attacks its “victims.” Such a broadly loaded and sensationalist representation, we argue, not only construed dementia as a direful and pernicious disease, but also, crucially, obscured the personal and social contexts in which the syndrome is understood and experienced (not least by people with dementia themselves). This intensely lurid type of representation not only fails to address the ageist misinformation and common misunderstandings that all too commonly surround dementia, but is also likely to exacerbate the stress and depression frequently experienced by people with dementia and their families.     

论认罪认罚从宽的报应刑根据——化解从宽与罪责刑相适应原则的张力

罪责刑相适应原则要求量刑时要尊重报应刑相对于预防刑的主导地位。主流观点认为认罪认罚从宽的主要根据在于预防,这与罪责刑相适应原则形成张力。对从宽根据的预防式理解仅允许较为轻微的从宽,无法为当下全面深入的制度改革提供正当性基础。将仁慈与社会和解等新因素引入从宽根据同样无法化解从宽与罪责刑相适应原则之间的冲突。将认罪认罚定位为报应刑层面的从宽情节能够支持较大的从宽幅度,但这将冲击经典报应理念。一种不同于行为报应主义和品格报应主义的生活报应主义能够在尊重现实制度和报应理念的基础上将罪犯的真诚悔罪纳入报应刑的量刑情节,化解从宽与罪责刑相适应原则的张力。这既实现了对实在法的最佳解释,又能为须认之"罪"的内涵和从宽限度等实践问题提供指引。     

理性与宽容：逃税罪罪状的新设计

随着2009年2月《刑法修正案（七）》的颁行，偷税罪罪状内容发生了重大变化。通过对偷税罪罪状设计的历史考察，结合分析《刑法修正案（七）》中偷税罪条文内容的修改，不难发现，逃税罪罪状的新设计透射出理性与宽容的光芒，这与当下宽严相济刑事政策相契合。这反映出我国刑事立法的科学性与进步性。另外，逃税罪罪状的重新设计使得人们重新审视逃税行为的本旨等问题，因此，逃税罪罪状的新设计是刑事立法史上里程牌式的标志并非是“过誉”之词。     

犯罪人特征描述在网络犯罪侦查中的应用

在全球范围内,随着计算机技术和网络技术的发展,网络犯罪案件数量也迅速增长,并成为一个严重的社会问题。人们普遍关注高科技在应对网络犯罪中应发挥的作用,却常常忽略传统侦查手段的应用,如在犯罪人特征描述领域。有证据表明,在网路犯罪领域确实通常存在着一些区别性的特征,这是犯罪人特征描述适用的基础。应针对网络犯罪和犯罪人特征描述的内容,探讨两者结合的可能性和方式,并分析其中存在的问题及未来的发展。     

刑法第395条第1款中的“说明来源”性质——兼论巨额财产来源不明罪的证明责任

学术界对巨额财产来源不明罪证明责任问题的分歧根源，在于对实体法规定的把握不确，其焦点是如何理解和把握刑法第395条第1款规定的“说明来源”性质。该款前半段是立法者为拥有“差额巨大财产”的国家工作人员创设一项实体性行政义务——即“说明来源”，该义务同时也作为后半段规定的巨额财产来源不明罪客观行为（不作为）中的前提性作为义务，前、后半段一起构成巨额财产来源不明罪的完整罪状和罪刑规范。而“不能说明其来源是合法的”是成立巨额财产来源不明罪基础的客观行为要件，在刑事诉讼中是“被证明的对象”，而不是“对象的自我证明”。该行为要件不产生任何“特别”的刑事诉讼程序上的含义和不产生证明责任“例外”分配的效果，巨额财产来源不明罪的证明责任仍由控方承担。     

论金融犯罪的刑罚配置

金融犯罪行为所造成的危害是严重的,损失是巨大的,因此,探究其行为的成因,预防其发生,就成为一个非常急切的课题。本文通过对金融犯罪处罚方式的法经济学分析,提出对其增加剥夺特定职业资格刑的处罚,以达到寻求最优化处罚方式。     

《联合国反腐败公约》与我国反洗钱立法的完善

《联合国反腐败公约》对洗钱犯罪作了规定,我国现行《刑法》对洗钱罪的规定与《公约》存在较大差异,从而使我国对洗钱罪及其上游犯罪的预防和打击的效果受到影响。我们有必要对洗钱罪的犯罪构成要件作深入的研究并根据《公约》的规定完善我国关于洗钱犯罪的立法。     

少数民族大学生主观幸福感及其影响因素研究

本文主要以东南沿海少数民族大学生为例,分析了少数民族大学生主观幸福感现状及其存在的问题和主要影响因素,并试从公共政策和赋权政策等视角提出了相应的对策,以提高少数民族大学生主观幸福感水平、维护大学生心理健康。