谈新制度经济学在警力资源合理配制中的运用

由于历史和现实的原因,我国警力资源的配置还存在诸多不合理之处,主要表现为警力资源的稀缺和浪费并存,警力资源分配的机构层级失调以及警力资源流动的机制不畅等问题。新时期公安工作形势迫切需要我们进行合理的警力资源配置,以更好地维护社会治安。新制度经济学不仅为公安机关制度创新提供了一种理论范式,而且为其制度改革实践提供了可借鉴的经验。合理配置警力资源,不仅要通过正式约束诸如精简机构、制定职位说明书和竞聘上岗方面的建设,还要通过非正式约束和实施机制的完善来实现。     

Theory for Accounting or Accounting Theory: An Essay on the Interaction between Economics and Accounting

The disciplines of general economics and business economics have been growing apart. Business economics has a more practice oriented and multidisciplinary focus. The background for this paper is the question whether, and in what manner, general economics can contribute to the development of business economics. This paper delves into the roots of the old-institutional economic school, in particular into the ideas of Schmoller. More specifically, it is a preliminary investigation into the question whether the insights of the old-institutional school can have a bearing on (management) accounting research. Some future directions in this respect are suggested at the end.     

国际私法中规则和标准之争的经济学分析

国际私法规范是应该主要表现为规则还是应该表现为标准引起了很大的争论,传统的理论分析在这个问题上并没有得出令人满意的结论。20世纪60年代经济学的方法被引进到国际私法领域中,并且首先被运用到对规则和标准合理性的论证中,现有的经济分析并没有给人们清晰的思路来解决规则和标准的争论。要想用经济学的方法来解决国际私法关于规则和标准之间的争论,必须深入到规则和标准的经济学本质并结合国际私法的实际,才能得出科学的结论。     

证券法信息公开制度的经济学理论分析

调整经济活动的法律法规 ,应该有其经济学理论作立法依据。本文对证券法信息公开制度的经济学理论及其法学意义的分析 ,是研究信息公开法律制度的新尝试。     

Distributional Conflicts and the Timing of Environmental Policy

This paper examines the timing of adopting a policy for tackling an environmental issue such as climate change from a viewpoint of distributional conflicts. A dynamic game of providing public goods (Alesina and Drazen, American Economic Review 81(5), 1170–1118 (1991)) is applied to the argument, modified by including abatement costs as well as the loss in the environment. In this framework, even if the immediate adoption of environmental policy is socially optimal, a disproportionate burden of pollution reduction leads to a delay in policy adoption. This is because the disproportionate burden increases the gain from waiting for each individual hoping that the other will agree to bear the heavier burden. The impact of income distribution on the timing is also examined. The level of averting behavior is assumed to depend on the level of income. If the distribution of income is more dispersed, the regional disparities in environmental degradation become larger because the poor tend to avert less and get more loss than the rich due to their tighter budget constraints. Under asymmetric information on damages, as the disparities in income become more dispersed, each individual expects that his/her opponent’s damage becomes severe; then, he/she gives in first. Thus, each individual holds out longer so that the timing of policy implementation is delayed further. Finally, the theoretical result is empirically tested by both probit and discriminant analyses to examine whether income distribution has an impact on the timing of ratifying the Kyoto Protocol in practice.     

行政立法的基础性理论型塑

在法经济学视域下对行政立法进行经济分析是一种基础性、解析型、系统化研究.这种尝试将为行政立法的前瞻性践行迎来一个良好的发展机遇,它注重理论型塑与实践证成的融贯.在对法经济学思想渊源考论的基础上,弃置传统法学概念或定义的释明,突破固有的思维逻辑,它的基础性理论型塑使之系统化,能够理解与准确地把握法学与经济学交叉研究方法.     

让人民幸福——当代中国经济学的崇高使命

幸福是人类的共同追求。中国各级政府在＂十二五＂规划中都有承诺：＂让人民幸福。＂经济学所追求的生产财富的＂效率＂目标是国民幸福的基础,经济学所追求的分配财富的＂公平＂目标是国民幸福的关键,经济学所追求的享受财富的＂共同＂目标是国民幸福的核心。让人民幸福是中国当代经济学的崇高使命。     

以消防法为例论法经济学视野下的见义勇为

新《消防法》确立的政府统一领导、部门依法监管、单位全面负责、公民积极参与的原则,在消防法的法条中得到了很好的体现。在法经济学的视野下,结合消防法的公民积极参与原则对其法律规定从事前、事中两个阶段对消防法的相关规定进行分析,在消防法中规定消防见义勇为人的奖励请求权是适当的。     

Against agency: a positional critique

Abstract

This paper uses the changing historical and theoretical frames within which management pay and investor claims are considered to provide a critique of the functionalist approach of agency and to develop an alternative, positional explanation of rewards. The first part of the paper draws on the contrast between the pre-1940 critique of the rentier and the post-1980 discursive construction of the shareholder to raise important contemporary questions about position and reward. The second part develops the idea of positional rewards to challenge agency assumptions by arguing that both giant firm managers and the less visible, though larger, group of intermediaries use their position to skim value. In contrast, the experience of position is more mixed for shareholders, who are generally passive value surfers. The final section of the paper argues that a renewed emphasis on position will enable a problem shift from value creation to value capture.     

古典经济学的市场观

西方经济学长期以来一直存在着两大主要流派的分歧,即凯恩斯主义和经济自由主义的争论。这些流派对现代宏观经济波动及治理问题的讨论,往往都从古典经济学中寻找理论的支撑或批判的靶子,而古典经济学的市场观实际上是市场经济的效率观,有严格的限定条件,如果将其放在现代市场经济波动问题中来讨论都会发生理论认识上的误解。