论第三代领导集体对邓小平国有企业改革思想的发展

国有企业改革思想是邓小平经济理论的重要组成部分,第三代领导集体继承和发展了邓小平国有企业改革思想,创造性地提出我国国有企业改革的方向是建立现代企业制度;进而提出国有经济布局的战略性调整、国有企业改革的基本途径;在衡量国有企业改革成败的标准上,继承和发展了"三个有利于"思想.     

Bad Piano? Bad Music? A Response to Comments on Lowe and Pemberton,The Official History of the British Civil Service,Volume II: 1982–1997

The reforms made to the civil service during the premierships of Margaret Thatcher and John Major were unparalleled in scope in peacetime. Undertaken in the name of efficiency and better management, they served to Balkanise the service, shrink the number of civil servants, subordinate them to the will of ministers, and effectively privatise a swathe of public services. Their legacy, however, was a relatively weak centre struggling to cope with a fragmented and extremely complex governmental machine, an overly managerialist senior civil service sometimes side‐lined from policy making, and a system lacking slack as a consequence of the quest for ‘efficiency’ and dependent on private contractors of sometimes dubious worth. Over the past five years that legacy left the country poorly placed to triumph over the challenges of Brexit and then of Covid‐19.     

学校文化建设的第三种途径:主动创生

学校文化建设有三种途径:理性思辨、历史叙事、主动创生。相比之下,第三种途径值得开拓,进而成为学校文化建设的根本途径。学校文化与学校现实生活的隔阂见证着主动创生学校文化的必要性,文化本身就具有的主体性昭示着主动创生学校文化的可能性,学校教育活动的人为性彰显出第三种途径的可行性,即通过创造性地改进日常教育活动而主动创生学校文化。     

Association between copy number variations in the OCA2-HERC2 locus and human eye colour

Human eye colour variation is strongly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the OCA2-HERC2 locus, especially rs12913832 that is found in an enhancer element of OCA2. In a previous study we found that 43 out of 166 individuals in a Norwegian population with the brown eye colour genotype HERC2 rs12913832:AA or AG, did not have the expected brown eye colour. To investigate if duplications or deletions in the OCA2-HERC2 locus could explain the blue eye colour in these individuals, we analysed massively parallel sequencing (MPS) data for copy number variations (CNVs) in the OCA2-HERC2 region. The ∼500 kb long OCA2-HERC2 locus was sequenced in 94 individuals with the rs12913832:AG and AA genotypes. Of these, 43 were observed to have blue eye colour and 51 were observed to have brown eye colour. CNVs were analysed using R and the R-package panelcn.MOPS - CNV detection tool for targeted NGS panel data. In rs12913832:AG individuals, CNVs in 32 regions were significantly associated with blue eye colour (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05). In rs12913832:AA individuals, CNVs in 14 regions were associated with blue eye colour using raw p-values (p ≤ 0.05). The functional effects of these CNVs on OCA2 expression are yet to be investigated. However, this study suggests that CNVs in the OCA2-HERC2 locus might explain why some of the rs12913832:AG and AA individuals have unexpectedly blue eyes.     

The Potential of High-throughput Metagenomic Sequencing of Aquatic Bacterial Communities to Estimate the Postmortem Submersion Interval

Human remains can be discovered in freshwater or marine ecosystems, circumstances where insects and other invertebrates have infrequently been used for understanding the time of postmortem submersion. In this study, the identification and succession of epinecrotic bacterial communities on vertebrate remains were described during decomposition in a temperate headwater stream during two seasons (summer and winter). Bacterial communities were characterized with 454 pyrosequencing and analyzed at phyletic and generic taxonomic resolutions. There was a significant increase in genera richness over decomposition during both seasons. Additionally, multivariate statistical modeling revealed significant differences in bacterial communities between seasons at both taxonomic resolutions and siginificant genera differences among sampling days within each season, suggesting a succession of these communities. These data are the first to describe aquatic bacterial succession using high-throughput metagenomic sequencing on vertebrate remains submerged in a freshwater habitat, and provide initial evidence for their potential use in forensic investigations.     

鸡白细胞介素-17基因的克隆和序列分析

根据GenBank中收录的鸡白细胞介素-17(ChIL-17)基因的cDNA序列设计了1对特异性引物,以经ConA刺激3h的鸡脾淋巴细胞总RNA为模板,用RT-PCR方法成功克隆了ChIL-17的cDNA。该cDNA全长725bp,其中第2~508位是该基因的阅读框(ORF),共编码169个氨基酸。与已报道的序列相比较,二者核苷酸序列的同源性为99.6%(722/725),共有3个碱基发生变异,其中有2个变异位于阅读框之内。DNAssit软件分析表明,二者推导的氨基酸序列同源性为100%。同时,以鸡脾淋巴细胞DNA为模板,用PCR方法首次扩增获得了ChIL-17的基因组DNA序列,经序列分析,其序列全长1934bp,由2个内含子和3个外显子组成,3个外显子分别位于第2~27、569~815和1484~1720bp处。     

中国私营企业主阶层"原生代"与"新生代"之比较

中国经济的快速发展与中国私营企业主阶层的脱颖而出有着直接的联系,通过对这一阶层“原生代”与“新生代”差异的比较研究,对统一战线及中国经济的影响有着至关重要的作用。     

我国第一代领导集体经济观及其特点

1956-1966年是我党领导人民进行全面建设社会主义的时期。我国第一代国家领导人毛泽东、刘少奇、周恩来、朱德、陈云、邓小平都对这一时期的经济建设做了探索,其经济观主要体现在探索适合中国的情况、社会主义的经济原则和改革上,具有权威性、现实性、原则性、全面性、灵活性和务实性的特点。     

中共第一代领导集体关于少数民族干部教育的理论

少数民族干部教育是党的干部教育的重要组成部分 ,也是成人教育的重要组成部分。以毛泽东为核心的党的第一代领导集体根据我国革命和建设实践的要求 ,积极探索了少数民族干部教育模式 ,并在教育目标、内容以及方式方法等方面形成了比较系统的理论 ,成为指导我国少数民族干部教育的重要理论 ,对今天少数民族干部教育仍有着重要的指导意义。     

背景与困境:刑事和解制度的理性考察

刑事和解是西方社会在恢复性司法理念下所孕育的一种刑事案件解决模式.其理念产生和植根于其所存在社会的个人本位刑法观、刑事契约观和复合正义刑罚观.刑事和解制度的出现,提出了一种全新的解决刑事案件的方案.但不容忽视的是在中国,刑事和解本身的个人本位刑法观与国家本位刑法观之间、去刑化思维与罪刑法定、罪责刑相适应原则之间以及复合正义刑罚观与公众的报应正义的刑罚观之间的对立、背离与对抗.而刑事和解在中国情境下将可能出现对人人平等的刑事法治理念的冲击,对加害人、被害人的合法利益的损害,形成不公正的司法制度从而毁灭刑法的公众认同的制度隐患.理性地对待刑事和解制度,应当是我们所应有的态度.