The EU’s preferential trade agreements with Singapore and Vietnam. Market vs. normative imperatives†

By negotiating Free Trade Agreements the EU aspires both to increase the competitiveness of its industry and contribute to sustainable development in the partner country. It pursues a flexible approach to norm promotion which aims at supporting developing countries in their attempt to adjust to international standards. Ideational and institutionalist scholars interpreted this approach as a manifestation of its normative power. We show that in the negotiations with Singapore and Vietnam the positions of the EU were not consistent with its declared goals, since they put stronger pressures upon Vietnam to adjust to regulatory standards. We explain this lack of consistency as the result of different patterns of interest group mobilization in the two negotiations. Those patterns, in turn, depend upon the bargaining power the EU has with single trade partners, competition between the EU and third countries, especially the US, and the structure of the economy of the trade partners.     

吧城华人公馆档案文献及其研究现状

吧城华人公馆档案是现存唯一最为完整地记载东南亚华人城社区历史的文献资料,具有极高的史料价值。本文在系统和全面论述吧城华人公馆历史沿革及其档案文献主要内容的基础上,对公馆档案的研究现状进行了综合的评述,旨在更加深入地认识和了解公馆档案的文献史料价值以及其在相关学术研究领域的应用价值。     

论犯罪故意的认识因素

犯罪故意的心理形式包括认识因素和意志因素,认识因素是意志因素的前提和基础,因此认识因素是研究犯罪故意的一个关键问题.犯罪故意的认识因素包括两部分内容,即事实性认识和规范性评价.在我国四要件的犯罪构成理论通说背景下,犯罪故意的事实性认识因素乃客观构成要件.而规范性评价的内容则应当是社会危害性认识而非违法性认识.也就是说,犯罪故意的认识因素包括对客观方面的事实性认识和社会危害性之评价.     

简述警察文献的手工检索途径

警察文献的利用率是衡量警察学术水平的重要标志,掌握警察文献的检索方法可以加快查找文献的速度,提高学习和研究的水平。     

论公安文件"无纸化"管理

"当前,公安机关正凭借其先进的系统和强大的网络实现无纸化办公,在此过程中必然产生大量的电子文件.公安文件管理的无纸化,即电子文件的管理,关键在于确保该类文件的真实性、完整性和安全性.     

What Can Pro-Democracy Activists in Arab Countries Expect from the European Union? Lessons from the Union's Relations with Israel

In this article, we analyze the European Union's (EU) approach to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict, showing that there is a wide gap between its normative opposition to the occupation, Israel's expanding settlement project, and the EU's foreign trade policy. Our argument is not only that there is no evidence of norm diffusion from the EU to Israel, but that within the EU itself there is no diffusion from the normative political stance to the EU's economic interests. The Israeli case suggests that the pro-democracy activists of Tunisia, Egypt, and Syria should be aware that the trade interests of the EU Member States will ultimately trump the EU's political declarations.     

论出入境边防检查中的行政规范性文件

行政规范性文件在出入境边防检查法治进程中具有典型意义。当前,出入境边防检查中的行政规范性文件数量庞大,涉及面广,变化频繁。由于行政规范性文件存在效力问题与行政救济和司法救济制度方面的缺陷,因此,应当通过加强出入境立法工作,完善程序和实体方面的规定,在此基础上做好清理行政规范性文件的工作,以提高边检机关的执法权威和执法能力,维护出入境人员的合法权益。     

新《法官法》和《检察官法》之规范属性刍议

从法律规则的类型上看,我国《法官法》和《检察官法》所创设的规则,乃是确定并保障法官与检察官身份,以及要求法官和检察官按本法所界定的行为方式去从事执法活动的规则。在法学方法论上,此类规则属于典型的构成性规范。然而,大修之后的《法官法》和《检察官法》中依然存在着大量的引用性法条、复述性法条、规范性缺失法条及无头型法条,此等法条均不满足构成性规范的基本要件。这表明,尽管《法官法》和《检察官法》的此次修订是立志于"大修",但它们并没有摆脱传统的立法"宜粗不宜细"的思维惯性,并未真正达到大修之目标。故而,未来时机成熟时,应严格按照构成性规范的基本要求对之予以进一步的修订和完善。     

Give Me Shelter: Reexamining Military Intervention and the Monadic Democratic Peace

Increasing empirical evidence points to the existence of a monadic democratic peace. However, the quantitative literature on international conflict has yet to produce any compelling evidence that such a peace holds for one of the most prominent types of interstate force in use today, foreign military intervention. This study tests the hypotheses that democracies are less prone to intervene militarily and less likely to be the targets of such incursions. In doing so, it compares six overlapping theoretical perspectives on the monadic democratic peace. No empirical support is lent to the hypothesis that democracies intervene less often than nondemocracies, but considerable evidence indicates that democracies are rarely the targets of foreign military intervention. The latter result remains consistent across six different intervention populations from 1975 to 1996. Of the six theoretical perspectives analyzed, the institutional approach recently advanced by Bueno de Mesquita and his associates fares best. Its predictions match the empirical outcomes exactly. None of the other theoretical frameworks is even half right. In sum, it seems that democratic governance provides a barrier against foreign military intervention, but it does not limit intervention abroad.     

法学案例分析方法探究

案例分析是法学案例教学的核心和灵魂。案例分析中的分析是指运用特定方法对法学案例进行分解、提炼或厘清,使某些内容清晰展现出来,从而实现教学目的。法学案例分析方法可以概括为四种:概念分析,以理解法学概念为目标,通过法律概念与具体案例对比,理解法律概念的丰富内涵;规范分析,强调以法律规范为核心,在案例中理解法律规范的含义、存在及运行方式;矛盾分析,以揭示案例中存在的各种冲突为重点,理解有关法律产生发展的必然性,认识法律的独特作用;批判分析,是指对案例中的规则、裁判等进行反思,辩证思考可能存在的不足与完善对策。案例分析方法的运用受案例内容、教学目的以及教学对象等因素制约。