刑事侦查鉴定权配置的中国模式及其改革

当前正是我国司法鉴定制度的改革的重要时期,我国刑事侦查中的司法鉴定制度必须进行改革。对两大法系国家侦查中的司法鉴定制度进行比较,对我国侦查程序中司法鉴定存在的问题进行分析,对侦查机关的鉴定权从纵向上加强检察机关的监督,从横向上加强当事人的鉴定权,才能更适合我国的刑事诉讼文化和刑事诉讼环境。     

司法行政公务人员人权教育问题初探

司法行政公务人员人权教育是人权教育必不可少的部分。实施人权教育有利于具体人权保障、我国人权保障事业的发展、履行国际条约以及实现国家人权行动计划。我们应积极采取措施实施该部分人群人权教育,进而促进司法人权保障的发展。     

地方政府食品安全责任落实研究简

明确地方政府食品安全责任是建立法治型政府、服务型政府和责任型政府的客观需要.由于地方政府食品安全责任的开放性、原则性和兼容性等特点,目前地方政府食品安全责任还存在落实不到位的情况.有必要通过建立食品安全绩效考核机制、行政问责机制、责任追究机制,推进地方政府食品安全责任的有力落实.     

重新鉴定增多原因与对策研究

科学证据的运用,包括鉴定过程（程序）与鉴定结果（实体）运用两个方面。重新鉴定是鉴定程序中一个重要问题。本文侧重从鉴定实务和鉴定管理角度,分析重新鉴定增多的局部原因和总体原因;认为这种现象是社会主义法治建设过程中必然出现的一个阶段性问题,有其积极意义也有消极作用,既应合理支持又要依法控制;设计了立法方面四项控制措施,司法方面六项控制措施,鉴定管理方面五项控制措施。多管齐下,综合治理,方能医好政法部门深感头疼的这一＂顽症＂。     

A critique of quantitative measures of the degree of democracy in Israel

The question addressed in this study is: ‘How accurate and meaningful are quantitative measures of the degree of democracy in Israel?’ With the increasing use of such measures in studies of democracy, an answer to this question becomes increasingly important. The Freedom House and Polity IV measures of democracy in Israel contend that there is a very high level of democracy, but their characterization is contradicted sharply by the views of many scholars. In seeking to account for this contradiction, we will assess the accuracy and meaningfulness of the two quantitative measures. We find that both empirical and conceptual problems affect the utility of the measures. Empirical inaccuracies are suggested by three findings: the role in Israel's democracy of the largest minority group, the Israeli Arabs, is ignored or substantially discounted; the discrepancies between the two indices suggest that at least one of them is not capturing empirical reality accurately; and neither index seems very sensitive to democracy-related events in the country. The degree to which these empirical findings are indicators of inaccuracies is dependent upon the conceptualization of democracy. Conceptually, the indices differ from each other and from the concepts used by many others who examine Israeli democracy. Two conclusions are reached: the indices measure imperfectly what they call Israeli ‘democracy’. Furthermore, a prima facie look at the scores characterizing democracy in other countries suggests that the ‘democracy’ they measure in Israel is not the same as the ‘democracy’ they measure elsewhere. The implications are several: on the academic side, the accuracy of general knowledge developed using these measures becomes questionable. On the practical side, the indices contribute little to knowledge that may be applied to overcoming the complex problems democracy in Israel is facing or the building of democracy in other countries of the Middle East. Thus, their accuracy and meaningfulness is limited.     

破解小微企业融资困境的法律对策

融资难是制约小微企业发展的一个主要问题,而造成小微企业融资难的原因是多方面的.本文认为,应从完善融资担保方式、大力发展小型融资机构、加大政策性金融支持力度、实施差异化金融监管、拓展直接融资渠道等方面解决小微企业的融资难题.     

Police officers’ judgements of veracity,tenseness, cognitive load and attempted behavioural control in real-life police interviews

Abstract

The present experiment examined the apparently incongruent findings that police officers (i) believe that suspects show nervous behaviour when they lie but (ii) seem able to detect deceit in suspects who do not show nervous behaviours. It was hypothesized that police officers’ judgements about whether a suspect is lying would not be correlated with their judgements regarding whether the suspect is tense, but, instead, would be correlated with their judgements regarding whether suspects are having to think hard or attempting to control their behaviour.

Each of 84 police officers saw seven truths and seven lies told by suspects during their police interviews. Participants in Condition 1 were asked to indicate after each clip whether the suspect was lying, whereas participants in Condition 2 were asked to note after each clip to what extent the suspect appeared to be tense, having to think hard or attempting to control their behaviour. Condition 3 was a combination of Conditions 1 and 2 and participants were asked all the above questions. The findings support the hypotheses and therefore negate the assumption that police officers primarily look for cues of nervousness when they attempt to detect deceit.     

Measuring sexual interest using a pictorial modified Stroop task,a pictorial Implicit Association Test and a Choice Reaction Time task

Abstract

Tasks that can measure sexual interest successfully have utility in forensic settings. Prior to use with problematic sexual interest, however, work is needed in validating such tasks. This study focused on the measurement of non-deviant sexual interest. Eleven gay and 14 straight participants each completed a pictorial Implicit Association Test (IAT), a pictorial modified Stroop task (P-MST) and a Choice Reaction Time (CRT) task. Each task was designed to tap into the sexual interest of participants. Stimuli were of males and females in bathing suits, along with control images and sexual and non-sexual words. The IAT was most successful in differentiating between gay and straight participants. The P-MST also performed well, although the task's position within the battery of tasks seemed to affect the results. The CRT task did not show group differences successfully. Theoretical and methodological implications of the effectiveness of the three tasks in tapping into sexual interest are discussed.     

党政领导干部经济责任审计风险及其防范

随着中办、国办关于党政主要领导经济责任审计新规的发布,党政领导干部经济责任审计已经进入了稳步推进阶段。由于经济责任审计固有的特征,在党政领导干部经济责任审计的过程中,必然存在因各种不确定性而导致的审计风险。文章在对党政领导干部经济责任审计风险特征分析基础上,指出了现实条件下我国党政领导干部经济责任审计风险存在的主观因素和客观因素,最后提出了防范党政领导干部经济责任审计风险的措施。     

农村变迁中村干部履职的问题及对策

农村干部是农村发展与治理的核心力量,是连接政府与农民的中介,农村干部的工作不仅影响政府在农民心目中的形象,同时也影响农村的发展与稳定。受计划经济、市场经济、地域差异的影响,不同地区村庄的经济发展水平出现较大的差异,村干部的职能也随之发生了转变与分化。而村干部选举、计划生育与土地转让及房屋拆迁则是村干部履职中最常遇到的问题。