ESTIMATING INTERVENTION EFFECTS IN VARYING RISK SETTINGS: DO POLICE RAIDS REDUCE ILLEGAL DRUG DEALING AT NUISANCE BARS?*

This paper investigates the effectiveness of police raids in reducing drug dealing in and around nuisance bars. We examine effects of both dosage (number of raids) and duration (months) of the intervention, as well as the conditioning effects of land use and population characteristics in shaping the underlying risk levels of drug dealing in the target and surrounding areas. Results indicate that the police intervention suppresses levels of drug dealing during periods of active enforcement, but the effects largely disappear when the intervention is withdrawn. Also, the effects of the intervention are mediated by risk characteristics in target and surrounding areas. Target areas characterized by higher levels of risk are more resistant to intervention effects than those with lower levels of risk. Risk factors in nearby areas are also significant. Bars with high levels of risk arising from land uses in surrounding areas are easier to treat, while bars with high levels of population‐based risk in surrounding areas are harder to treat.     

警察盘查权概念辨析

在实践中,警察盘查权在维护社会稳定,侦查犯罪方面发挥重要作用,然而,什么是警察盘查权,至今还存在争议。什么是警察盘查行为,如何界定警察盘查行为,首先要搞清楚警察盘查行为的概念。其次,通过与相关概念的比较,进一步认识警察盘查权。警察盘查行为根据实施场所的不同,分为当场盘查和留置盘查两类,根据内容的不同分为盘问和检查,要将盘问与讯问,检查与搜查,留置盘查与拘传、治安传唤等概念进行区别。     

办理治安案件增设"调查"程序谈--兼谈《治安管理处罚法》的立法设计

《治安管理处罚法》中“调查”程序的增设,具有现实必然性。侦查讯问和调查询问之间具有侦办案件的桥梁,“讯问”改为“询问”透视了注重平抑当事人矛盾、化解社会冲突的执法理念。该法中关于治安询问中的传唤措施、询问时限、记录方式、询问地点、询问的法律强制性等问题的规定体现了法律的程序化原则、便民性原则和效率性原则,具有人性化的色彩,彰显了建立法治国家构建和谐社会的理念。     

民商法在公安执法中的地位研究

民商法的平等、权利保护、诚信等基本原则对树立人民警察的执法理念具有重要作用,对维护人民警察自身合法利益也具有重要意义。现在,公安机关在具体执法工作中愈来愈多地应用民商法知识。因此,研究民商法在公安执法工作中的地位,有助于扭转以往公安工作重刑轻民的传统观念,提高警察的素质,更好地发挥人民警察的作用。     

民主制度生存的四维理论环境——一种对民主来自政治哲学和法哲学意义上的证辨

民主制度一路栉风沐雨行至这个崇尚中庸理性的时代,在这样一个时代所铸成的理论环境里,秩序理性和自由意志、权力态度和权利本位平静而和谐地交互作用,它们共同为相关制度的生存和发展提供了一个宁谧的四维空间.将民主制度放此空间中进行综合考察,其自身的是非与成败、毁誉与功过以及它对此理论环境的影响会得到全面的理解.     

论我国警察执法的困境与出路

随着依法治国方略的不断深入和全社会民主法制意识的逐步提高,警察执法面临诸多困境:公安机关的角色定位不准确;警察的综合素质较低;袭警案件频发;监督制度不完善,监督手段虚化;警力和经费严重不足等。为此,摆脱警察执法困境需要科学界定公安机关的角色定位,实行人性化执法;严格入警制度,引入竞争机制,通畅出口,提高民警的综合素质;加强监督,从严治警;革新领导体制,改善执法环境;增设袭警罪,建立专业化的维权机构,保护民警的合法权益。     

《钦定宪法大纲》内容解读

《钦定宪法大纲》只有"君上大权"和"附臣民权利义务"两部分内容,虽然带有浓厚的封建性,但通过对大纲具体条文的分析,我们可以看到,大纲的诸多条文仍不乏合理性、进步性和民主性,大纲在一定程度上带有资产阶级民主主义的内容,基本上是一个资产阶级的宪法性文件,其宪政色彩初露端倪。     

The Dissemination of Detainees Awaiting Trial Before International and Internationalized Criminal Tribunals

This paper will focus on the rights attributed to detainees who are facing charges before international and internationalized criminal courts. The question is whether their position merits a different approach compared to the position of detainees who are confronted with domestic criminal trials. In particular, this paper will address the question whether, and to what extent, international human rights have a direct effect on the position of the former detainees. Attention will focus on case law of the European Court of Human Rights vis-a-vis the rights of detainees and the impact thereof on the position of detainees who are held in custody on behalf of international and internationalized criminal courts. The author is Professor of International Criminal Law at Utrecht University (The Netherlands), defence counsel acting before the ICTY, ICTR and SCSL, and a partner of the law firm Knoops & Partners Advocaten in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.     

社区警务建设是社会治安治本的根本出路

社会治安治本的根本出路在社区警务建设。从理论上分析,社区警务的起源、发展和内涵以及社区警务建设的核心和原则,充分体现了社会治安治本的原则;从社会实践看,社区警务建设有助于打造治安防范的铜墙铁壁,达到社会治安治本的目标。     

加拿大竞争局的执法方法简介及评价

加拿大竞争局在执行竞争法的过程中,确立了以最大限度地遵守竞争法为目标定位的方法体系, 包括通过教育遵守竞争法的措施、促进遵守竞争法的措施、对不遵守竞争法的应对措施三个方面 的内容。这一执法体系,强调对不正当竞争行为和限制竞争行为的预防和指导,强调和经营者、 政府部门的合作,注重非对抗性程序的应用,提倡高效、及时的解决竞争问题,符合市场经济条件 下效益优先的原则,很好地适应了全球化背景下加拿大解决竞争问题的需要,对我国的竞争执法 工作有相当的借鉴意义。