Mutual and Self Perceptions of Opposing Advocacy Coalitions: Devil Shift and Angel Shift in a German Policy Subsystem

In political conflicts, actors tend to assume that opponents behave maliciously. This phenomena is part of the “devil shift,” which was introduced in advocacy coalition framework research. We present a multivariate analysis of the perceptions of motives and actions of opposing coalitions in a political conflict and thereby analyze a major dimension of the “devil shift” and of its antonym “angel shift.” The conflict concerning the German infrastructure project Stuttgart 21 serves as a case study. We show that the radicalness of policy‐specific beliefs is the most important predictor for the intensity of mutual misperception in the researched conflict. The results further point to a more systematic inclusion of an actor's deep normative core beliefs in future analyses of distorted perception. Another central finding relates to the importance of the personal environment: actors in the subsystem share the same policy core beliefs with the majority of people in their personal environment.     

Power Sector Reforms and Technical Performance: Good News from an Instrumental Variable Analysis

Over the past three decades, various power sector reforms have overhauled the governance of electricity generation, transmission, and distribution in almost a hundred countries. Have these reforms produced benefits? Using instrumental variables, we improve upon earlier studies and demonstrate that power sector reforms enacted between 1982 and 2008 have both had large positive effects on the availability of generation capacity and reduced transmission and distribution losses. We also show that the positive effects on generation capacity are pronounced in developing countries and that hybrid reforms falling short of privatization and free competition are effective in improving generation capacity in particular. Overall, the results show that these reforms are an effective tool to remove an important constraint on economic growth.     

基于扩充化推拉理论的农村劳动力转移影响因素分析

自改革开放以来,农村劳动力转移为中国经济增长贡献了重要力量,但近年来愈演愈烈的"民工荒"现象也反映出农村劳动力转移后劲不足的问题。因此,分析农村劳动力转移的影响因素,为农村劳动力转移扫除路径障碍具有重要的现实意义。基于扩充化的推拉理论,可将农村劳动力转移的影响因素划分为源自农村的推力、源自城镇的拉力和源自制度的摩擦力等三个方面,据此使用最小二乘法(OLS)和Praise-Winsten AR(1)方法进行计量回归,实证结果表明:农村收入水平提升、农业生产力水平提升、农地资源水平下降构成了源自农村的推力;城镇收入水平提升、非农化水平提升、城镇基础设施水平提升构成了源自城镇的拉力;但以劳动力价格扭曲为表现的制度摩擦力,也对农村劳动力转移产生了显著的阻碍。     

吉林省政府绩效评估机制实证分析

吉林省从2007年开始实施对省政府工作部门的绩效评估。在吉林省的政府绩效评估机制中,评估指标体系的设计体现了战略执行的功能;评估主体的选择体现了多元化的趋势;评估方法的运用体现了定量评估和定性评估、过程评估和结果评估相结合的特点;评估结果的使用发挥了激励和约束的功能。吉林省在政府绩效评估方面的实践在很大程度上反映了地方政府对政府绩效评估机制的理论认识,在实践中也取得了相应的效果和有益的经验。     

试论提高公安民警的实战技能

公安工作对民警实战技能提出很高的要求,但当前民警实战技能不强,与实战要求存在较大距离,对此,必须大力加强民警技能培训力度,进一步规范警务运作,配齐配强一线民警的武器装备,大力提高民警实战技能。     

中国企业家心理健康问题与调适

本文从描述企业家心理问题的现状入手,分析我国企业家心理健康症结所在,并据此提出相应的对策。     

布氏锥虫伊氏亚种体外药敏试验

应用布氏锥虫伊氏亚种(Trypanosoma brucei evansi,T.b.e)体外药敏试验系统检查了国内6个T.b.e虫株和国外布氏锥虫指名亚种(T.b.b)对苏拉灭(Suramin)、贝尼尔(Berenil)、安锥赛(Antrycide)、咪唑苯脲(Imidocard)和硫胂聚氰胺(Cymelarsan)等5种抗锥虫药的敏感性。结果表明,该系统能准确测定不同虫株对各种药物的敏感性,与小鼠治疗试验结果基本相符,发现了国内抗贝尼尔和苏拉灭的T.b.e虫株。     

社会科学成果评价中的问题及应遵循的原则

在社会科学成果的评价中,“形势需要”、“名人名言”、“非法即彼”、“指标分配”、“发表级别”、“字数多少”等方法都存在着严重的非科学因素。正确评价社会科学成果,应遵循基础理论和应用科学并重、学术价值和社会价值相统一、定性和定量相结合,多方面比较、重视创新等原则。