Second-Generation Policy Priorities for Colonias and Informal Settlements in Texas

Along the Texas border with Mexico, more than 400,000 people live in over 2,000 informal self-help settlements known as colonias. These exceedingly low-income, largely Latino settlements have historically suffered from severe health risks, poor infrastructure and housing conditions, and physical and social isolation. Researchers and policymakers have focused extensively on what I call “first-generation policy priorities.” This has primarily entailed efforts to regularize title and infrastructure, support self-help home improvement for colonia homeowners, and prevent the growth of new informal settlements along the border region. I provide a comprehensive review of existing research on colonias to document the myriad ways in which housing and infrastructure conditions and titling practices have changed since these settlements first proliferated throughout the border region in the second half of the 20th century. These changes necessitate a rethinking of the policy priorities for colonias and informal settlements throughout the state. In particular, I argue that colonias must be recast to recognize the significant improvements that have taken place but also the long-term and sometimes severe problems that persist. These “second-generation policy priorities” include the development of sustainable forms of governance, regulation, and finance to address ongoing infrastructure investment needs in colonias; supporting access to and upkeep of safe and affordable renter- and owner-occupied housing through both self-help and contractor-led projects; ensuring long-term title clarity; and promoting community organizing in new and aging settlements.     

Sudan and South Sudan: identity,citizenship, and democracy in plural societies

This article discusses the institutional legacy of colonialism and how that has affected citizenship in Sudan and South Sudan. It argues that the colonial project made a legal distinction, especially in how citizenship was defined. It outlines problems facing Sudan and South Sudan and the challenges in managing a diverse population. It argues that a failure to build a democratic polity by resorting to ethnic federalism will divide the country along ethnic lines and prevent the emergence of a truly inclusive nation. Finally, the article discusses an alternative solution to the political crisis facing both Sudan and South Sudan, namely citizenship and the establishment of an inclusive framework to manage diverse populations within a unified nation. The article concludes with a discussion of the New Sudan Framework by situating it within the larger debate on democratic nation-building while also discussing its alignment with regional and international law.     

The Normativity of the Private Ownership Form

One of the most acute charges against private property observes that ownership generates a trespassory duty of exclusion that far exceeds the requirements of a commitment to values such as freedom and well‐being, and accordingly there exists an analytical mismatch between the form of protecting ownership and the functions that this protection may serve. This article develops a novel account of ownership's normativity, maintaining that, apart from the functions it may render to external values, the form of ownership is in itself a source of value, in virtue of the society it may engender between free and equal persons. Any gap between the form and the function of ownership need not plague private ownership, because the functions of ownership do not exhaust the explanation of its good. The formal core of private property is a distinctively social one, even in the most isolated case of trespass to property.     

论信用证诈骗罪的犯罪构成及其效力范围

关于信用证诈骗罪的法律适用，存在着诸多亟待研究和解决的问题，主要涉及到信用证诈骗罪的犯罪构成及其效力范围。文章依据刑法规定，紧密结合司法实践，对这方面的问题进行了研究，并提出了司法建议。     

亲权鉴定实验室规范及技术标准建议

建立亲权鉴定实验室规范及技术标准,对于规范鉴定技术、保证亲权鉴定结果的科学性和可靠性,具有重要意义。现在,英、法、德、意、日、美等发达国家已相继提出了亲子鉴定标准建议,明确指出从事亲子鉴定的实验室应该遵守ISO/IEC17025标准。为了提出我国的相关标准建议,撰稿者查阅了国内外相关标准和专业文献资料,充分吸收和借鉴了法医物证学检验的新理论、新方法和新技术,主要参考了中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准“法庭科学DNA实验室规范(GA/T282-2002)”、中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准“法庭科学DNA实验室检验规范(GA/T383-2002)”、国际法医遗传学会(ISFG)亲子鉴定委员会提出的标准建议(recommendationsongeneticinvestigationsinpaternitycases),严格遵循科学依据和行业规范,拟订了亲权鉴定实验室技术标准,包括案件受理、检材提取与保存、DNA提取、检测、概率计算、鉴定结论的判定依据、检测结果中出现特殊情况的处理等。     

EU citizens: Challenging the notion of German National Political Community, 1990–2005

This article assesses the extent to which Germany's adaptation of European Union legal norms through altering the criteria for access to territory and rights has challenged the judicial and conceptual boundaries of its notion of national political community. It compares the policies that directly affected EU citizens’ and other immigrant groups’ access to German territory, citizenship and social integration programs. It may be seen that, in enjoying a unique and privileged position between Germans and the other foreigners, this group not only challenges and undermines the justification for this very distinction, but also transforms the concept of ‘otherness’.     

C/S、B/S结构相结合的教师工作量统计系统设计

基于C/S、B/S体系结构相结合的教师工作量统计系统采用的软件平台和基本技术,具有准确、安全、简易的特色,可以对教师工作量进行有效的管理和统计。     

90年代以来中国在BITs中接受ICSID管辖的研究及评析

20世纪90年代以来,双边投资条约的数量急剧上升。根据联合国贸发会议《2008年世界投资报告》,称“国际投资协定的数量继续增加,截至2007年年底,总数达到近5600项。其中,双边投资条约2608项。”我国上世纪90年代以来共签订了113个BITs,且在对外缔结的BITs中对ICSID仲裁的接受上大体呈现从“有限同意”式到“全面同意”式的转变,但这种转变并没有呈现“一刀切”的局面。     

中美关系、中日关系以及东北亚国际关系

从2007年起,随着中国经济的成长,中美日三国已成为世界上最大的三个经济体。这三国的综合国力均在世界前列,在东北亚更具显著优势。全球化时代,中美日三国在本地区凝聚着更多利益交汇,同时,中美关系、中日关系仍然存在诸多问题。本文研究东北亚地区的国际关系,核心是抓住中美日三个主要行为体,并以东北亚存在的两大冷战遗迹为线索,通过分析朝鲜半岛与中国台湾两对分裂与统一的矛盾,构建中美关系和中日关系在矛盾形成和演化中的作用,从而增进三国间战略互信与东北亚地区的和平共荣。     

基于WEB技术的计算机应用考试系统

WEB技术改变了计算机应用系统的传统模式。在基于 WEB的计算机应用考试系统开发技术的基础上 ,结合广东省成人高校计算机应用无纸化考试系统的开发实践 ,提出了一个基于 WEB技术的计算机应用无纸化考试系统的设计方案