印俄战略伙伴关系的新发展

印俄战略伙伴关系是冷战时期印苏特殊关系的继承和演进。进入21世纪以后,随着俄罗斯的复兴和印度的崛起,双方重新审视对方在各自战略棋盘上的分量,决定建立"战略伙伴关系",加强在政治、经济、军事、科技、能源等领域的合作。由于俄罗斯与中国的"战略协作伙伴关系"不断深化,印度与中国"面向和平与繁荣的战略伙伴关系"正在推进,印俄战略伙伴关系对于中国具有某种积极意义。尽管印俄对中国的态度有一定区别,但是印俄战略伙伴关系对中国的良性作用值得肯定。     

论亚洲经济一体化

在市场力量和各国政府的推动下,亚洲的区域合作与经济一体化正在蓬勃开展,不仅是东亚地区,南亚、中亚、西亚地区的经济一体化也出现良好的发展势头,同时还出现了跨次区域经济一体化趋势。本文论述了亚洲经济一体化的发展现状,着重分析了东盟、中国、日本、韩国和印度的区域经济一体化战略,并勾画了“泛亚洲经济共同体”蓝图。目前,亚洲经济一体化的显著特点是各种形式、各种范围的区域合作机制并存,这一局面仍将继续。     

The Future of Consumer Web Data: A European/US Perspective

The article considers the subject of clickstream data from aEuropean/US perspective, taking into account the Data ProtectionFramework (Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC; Directive onPrivacy and Electronic Communications 2002/58/EC) and the USlegal framework and in particular, the Wiretap Act U.S.C. 2701(2004) and related statutes. It examines the extent to whichclickstream data is considered "personal data" within the DataProtection Directive and the implications to consumers and businesses.     

Data Protection: An Opening Door?

Swedish public law has incorporated a general rule of public access to documents, and to information in the wider sense, since the Freedom of the Press Act of 1766. On the Community level, the relationship between Regulation (EC) 45/2001 on data protection and Regulation (EC) 1049/2001 on public access to documents exemplifies the tension between the public's interest in scrutinising the administration carried on in its name, and the integrity of the individual. However, a similar tension exists between Sweden's Personal Data Act of 1998, implementing Directive 95/46, and the Freedom of the Press Act. A misuse model of data protection law, by seeking to concentrate on serious rather than technical infringements of privacy, might serve to ease the tension. The views expressed in this article are solely those of the author and are not attributable to any Community institution. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

从“卡翁达诉南非共和国总统案”看外交保护的另一种国家实践

外交保护的实施过程可以区分为国内决策阶段和利用国际法向侵害本国人权利的相对国采取措施的阶段。因此,在国内决策阶段中有一种不可忽视的实践,那就是认为从国内法角度来看国家负有以一切可能方式保护本国公民的义务。但是,实际上外交是国家行为,它代表国民的整体利益。因而在具体个案中可能需要从大局出发采取和缓的方式对权益受侵害的国民进行保护或放弃保护。但,必须建立有效的机制以沟通被害者和实行外交保护的公权力机构。在对公共利益和私人利益进行取舍时,可能需要考虑相应的补偿问题。以此为出发点,对将以外交保护方式保护国民作为国家宪法义务的国家实践进行研究。     

Age-at-death estimation by pulp/tooth area ratio in canines: study of a 20th-century Mexican sample of prisoners to test Cameriere's method

Accurate age estimation has always been a problem for forensic scientists, and apposition of secondary dentine is often used as an indicator of age. Cameriere et al. studied the pulp/tooth area ratio by peri-apical X-ray images of the canines, to observe the apposition of secondary dentine. The present study examines the application of this technique in a Mexican identified sample coming from the Department of Physical Anthropology of the INAH, at Mexico City. The main aim of this work is to test the reliability of this method in a skeletal sample of a specific population, different from the samples used for its development. The obtained regression model explained 96.2% of total variance (R(2) = 0.962) with a standard error of estimate of 1.909 and a standard deviation of 1.947. These results demonstrate great reliability and that the age/secondary dentine relationship is not variable in this specific population.     

Allocating responsibility among controllers,processors, and “everything in between”: the definition of actors and roles in Directive 95/46/EC

In Opinion 1/2010, the Article 29 Data Protection Working Party has provided additional guidance concerning the concepts of ‘controller’ and ‘processor’ contained in Directive 95/46/EC. This guidance aims to assist practitioners in their determination of whether an entity is acting as a controller or as a processor towards a particular data processing operation. Despite the fact that this opinion is informative, the existing framework still appears to leave room for a considerable amount of legal uncertainty. This uncertainty is attributable in part to the nature of the existing concepts, but also (and perhaps to a larger extent) to their apparent misalignment with current processing realities. In this paper, the author seeks to articulate why the existing concepts often remain difficult to apply in practice, in order to enable a constructive reflection on how these issues might be addressed in the future.     

超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间串联质谱快速分析复方守宫散化学成分及血中移行成分

目的 采用超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱(ultra-performance liquid chromatogra-phy/quadrupole time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)对复方守宫散中化学成分及其血中移行成分进行定性分析,为该制剂的...     

GC/MS/MS时间编程在火灾现场助燃剂检测中的应用

运用Varian SATURN2000气质联用仪通过GC/MS、GC/MS/MS、时间编程 GC/MS/MS对汽油样品进行分析比对,发现利用时间编程GC/MS/MS,对检测火灾现场残留汽油效果很好,可彻底排除样品中基体的背景干扰,大大提高检测灵敏度;同时对混合助燃剂（汽油+煤油、汽油+柴油）进行了实验探索。     

体液中氟乙酰胺SPE-GC/MS检测

目的　利用GC/MS与固相萃取 (SPE)技术相结合 ,开发血和尿样中氟乙酰胺鼠药的GC/MS定量分析新方法 ,并用于实际案例检测。方法　选择乙酰胺为内标 ,通过比较不同固相柱的萃取效率和不同条件对回收率的影响 ,优化用于血和尿样中氟乙酰胺萃取的固相柱和提取条件 ,利用氟乙酰胺与乙酰胺质谱图的分子离子峰面积之比与氟乙酰胺浓度的定量关系 ,建立血和尿样中氟乙酰胺鼠药的GC/MS定量分析新方法。结果　用硅胶柱萃取 ,峰面积之比与氟乙酰胺浓度在 5 0～ 90 μg/ml范围呈线性关系 ,检测限为 1 0 μg/ml。血样中氟乙酰胺检测的平均回收率达 91 6% ,标准偏差小于 7 3 %。结论　此法对实际样品的测定证明可满足氟乙酰胺鼠药中毒的定性定量要求。