论刑事诉讼中的沉默权

沉默权是无罪推定原则的重要内容。在刑事诉讼中,告知犯罪嫌疑人、被告人沉默权已成为国际社会的一种共识。沉默权最突出的优点是有利于防止刑讯逼供,它是司法文明的标志,也是司法程序正义的必然要求。随着社会文明程度的进一步提高,我国现行刑事诉讼法规定的“拒绝回答权”与“沉默权”接轨的日期已不会很遥远了。     

相对集中行政处罚权制度之评析

相对集中行政处罚权制度的初衷是要遏制日益膨胀的行政处罚权,消除执法扰民现象,而实际执行的情况却是大相径庭。可以说该制度从设立之初,就已暴露出弊端。作者从理论和实践两个层面对该制度的合法性与合理性进行质疑,并提出了如何有效制约行政执法的建设性意见。     

法行为的性质

法行为是法所要规范的核心内容,但对法行为的认识在法学界一直存在着争议,特别是在当代混合社会和信息社会条件下,这种争议的条件已经发生了较大的变化。这时,重新认识法行为的性质,使其摆脱传统法律思想的束缚而面对现实,对当代立法和司法具有重要的指导意义。特别是我国正处于一个建立和完善社会主义法律体系时期,这一研究就显得更加重要。法行为实质上是一种权利义务(权力职责)的统一。     

Talking of gender: words and meanings in development organisations

This article reflects on the vocabulary commonly used within development organisations to communicate about ‘gender and development’. It argues that the relevant terminology, though frequently used, remains problematic. Some terms are almost entirely absent, while others are used loosely and inappropriately – with the subtleties of carefully developed and much-debated concepts often lost. Terms such as ‘empowerment’, ‘gender’, and ‘gender mainstreaming’ which originated in feminist thinking and activism have lost their moorings and become depoliticised. Despite these problems, there are indications that debates and language may be taking a more radical turn with the acknowledgement of the shortcomings of the practices of gender mainstreaming, the deepening of interest in the notion of empowerment, and the explicit adoption of a human-rights language.     

NGOs and the dynamics of the Egyptian labour market

This article discusses the role that NGOs play, not in their traditional role as service providers, but as employers in the Egyptian labour market. Over the past two decades, NGOs have been offering attractive job opportunities to middle-class professionals who are disillusioned with the private sector and no longer interested in joining the state bureaucracy. The working conditions of the growing number of NGO employees, and NGOs' performance as employers, have not been investigated in the substantial academic and policy literature on NGOs, which so far has been almost exclusively concerned with NGOs' relationships with their ‘beneficiaries’, rather with than with their position as active players in a changing labour market.     

论党的权力、国家权力与人民权力的统一

党的权力、国家权力、人民权力是我国政治生活中最重要的三种权力。改革和完善党的领导方式和执政方式,所要解决的主要是党政关系问题,即共产党如何执掌、领导国家政权的问题。坚持和保障党的权力、国家权力、人民权力的高度统一,是加强和改进党的建设的一个根本问题。实现三种权力的统一,关键在于党。     

“惩罚性赔偿”及人权与经济发展的关系

由于我国目前个别司法理念存在问题,致使赔偿制度无论是从制度上还是从实践上都远未发挥其应有的社会作用。在赔偿领域,适度的惩罚性赔偿是保证在全社会领域实现公平与效率的有效手段,可以矫正失范的社会秩序,同时,它也是人权保障的重要手段,并为进一步的经济发展奠定基础。     

Development,racism, and discrimination in the Dominican Republic

From an analysis of recent empirical research in the Dominican Republic, this article addresses the ways in which racism underpins elements of governance, and explores organisational and individual responses to racialised discrimination initiated by the state. The context is timely, given the steady rise in reported racist and violent attacks against people presumed to be of Haitian origin in the Dominican Republic over the past five years. The government has intensified formal military and police round-ups of migrants and settlers suspected to be of Haitian origin, and this article assesses the group and individual responses to these state-led actions, analysing formal and informal interventions, their evolution, maintenance, and impact.     

The future of claims to resist removal by non-nationals suffering from HIV/AIDS

The focus of this article is to consider the difficulties facing non-nationals suffering HIV/AIDS to resist removal to their countries of origin where there is no or inadequate medical treatment. The link between HIV/AIDS and migration will be explored illustrating the vulnerability of displaced people to the virus. The current UK legal position for those attempting to resist removal in such circumstances will be explored. The article will explore two potential avenues that may prevent removal of non-nationals with HIV/AIDS to countries with limited access to the necessary treatment. In the first instance consideration of Article 3 European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) will be made with particular emphasis on mother and child claims. The second argument will examine the potential for refugee claims under Article 1A (2) Refugee Convention 1951 where an applicant may be able to demonstrate a well-founded fear of persecution because of membership to a particular social group. The authors will particularly emphasise the argument that in certain countries sufferers will experience ostracism and victimisation where its severity may amount to treatment contrary to Article 3 ECHR and persecution under the Refugee Convention. Vanessa Bettinson and Dr Alwyn Jones, senior lecturers, De Montfort University. The authors would like to thank Professor Tony Barnett at London School of Economics for his useful and invaluable thoughts and comments. We would also like to thank our colleague Gavin Dingwall and the students in our 2006/07 Immigration and Refugee Law seminars for their very helpful feedback.     

论交巡警执法过程中遭受不法侵害的成因及对策

交巡警执法过程中屡遭不法侵害在不同程度上干扰了民警的正常执法活动,暴力阻碍民警执勤执法的因素是多方面的,只有采取多种手段和措施才能有效地保障民警执法活动的正常进行。