Relationship of Substance Use/Abuse with Psychological and Physical Intimate Partner Violence: Variations Across Living Situations

This study addresses whether the relationship between illicit drug use/abuse measures and intimate partner violence (IPV) varies across socioeconomic status, racial status, and environmental indictors of a drug supportive culture. Data from 19,131 respondents who were living with intimate partners and had not been treated for a substance abuse problem in the last year and participated in the National Household Survey on Drug Abuse were analyzed. Marijuana use/abuse was a stronger predictor of IPV and psychological abuse for minorities, but was not a significant predictor of Caucasians’ IPV. Marijuana use/abuse also was a stronger predictor of IPV for those having a low socioeconomic status, but indicators of a drug supportive culture did not moderate the relationship. Minorities’ marijuana use/abuse increased their yelling and insulting behavior toward each other, and this psychological abuse mediated the effect of marijuana use/abuse on IPV. By contrast, stimulant use, sedative use, and alcohol abuse or dependence had independent direct effects on IPV after controlling for psychological abuse. Implications for research and policy are discussed.     

近十年内我国新型毒品滥用问题的总体变化趋势

近年来,我国毒品滥用的种类发生了很大变化。在海洛因大量滥用的同时,冰毒、摇头丸、氯胺酮（俗称K粉）等新型毒品从沿海地区迅速向全国蔓延,大有取代传统毒品海洛因成为吸毒者最主要消费品之势。为引起广泛关注,揭开隐蔽的面纱,文章就滥用新型毒品的人数、吸食群体的年龄结构、新型毒品的种类及吸食场所等方面论述了我国近10年（2001-2010年）来新型毒品变化的总体趋势,并针对这些问题提出了预防、控制、打击等相关对策建议。     

辅助生殖技术的刑法学审视

随着辅助生殖技术的发展与应用，滥用辅助生殖技术行为的社会危害性日益凸显，并已引发了一系列社会、伦理、道德及法律等方面的问题。但是，现行的刑事制裁体系对于滥用辅助生殖技术行为却存在着严重的立法滞后和司法缺失。传统刑法既要运用合理解释对滥用辅助生殖技术行为予以规制，更要考虑将此行为予以入罪。     

食品监管渎职罪的认定及适用

重大食品安全事故频频发生,许多案件触目惊心,人民群众的生命和健康安全受到极大威胁,社会危害极其严重。导致这种现象的原因很多,但不可否认的是,食品安全领域的渎职行为是不容忽视的一个重要因素。     

虐童行为的类型分析及刑法规制

鉴于虐童行为的复杂性，对虐童行为有必要从伤害的类型和侵害主体与被虐儿童的关系的不同视角进行类型分析。在现行刑法的规定面前，对幼师之类非家庭成员虐童但危害结果未达到轻伤害以上的行为，按寻衅滋事罪或侮辱罪定罪处罚都存在解释上难以跨越的障碍，只能按无罪处理。通过立法修改将幼师之类的情节严重的虐童行为入罪化确有必要。针对我国现行刑法对虐童行为规制存在的不足，借鉴域外立法经验，有必要单独增设虐待儿童罪。     

家庭冷暴力的法律规制

家庭冷暴力属于精神暴力,它是与身体暴力、性暴力并存的家庭暴力形式。目前,我国在防治家庭冷暴力方面存在如立法缺失、司法界定难、追究法律责任难等诸多困境。因此,应尽快出台《家庭暴力防治法》,明确家庭冷暴力的法律责任,实行举证责任倒置原则,扩大证据形式,赋予受害人精神损害赔偿的权利,不断完善我国家庭立法,进而保护受害者的合法权益。     

Ethical and legal consideration of prisoner's hunger strike in Serbia

Hunger strike of prisoners and detainees remains a major human rights and ethical issue for medical professionals. We are reporting on a case of a 48-year-old male sentenced prisoner, intravenous heroin user, who went on a hunger strike and died 15 days later. Throughout the fasting period, the prisoner, who was capable of decision making, refused any medical examination. Autopsy findings were not supporting prolonged starvation, while toxicology revealed benzodiazepines and opiates in blood and urine. Cause of death was given as "heroin intoxication" in keeping with detection of 6-MAM. Legal and ethical issues pertinent to medical examination and treatment of prisoners on hunger strike are explored in accordance with legislation and professional ethical standards in Serbia. A recommendation for the best autopsy practice in deaths following hunger strike has been made.     

Review on female sexual offenders: findings about profile and personality

Introduction

Although in the past sexual abuse was perceived as an issue connected only with males the contemporary literature is placing increasing emphasis on the role of female sexual perpetrators. There is still disagreement about the definition of sexual abuse, the frequency that it occurs and the characteristics of the women that are sexual abusers.

Methods

Thorough research of the main databases (MEDLINE and PsycInfo), for case reviews and studies along with restriction on European and North American literature, is due to perceived culture differences. Further investigation for relevant studies through web search engines such as Google, locates agencies and organizations that are interested and connected to sexual abuse issues.

Results

Distinction between sexual offense and sexual abuse has as a result difference in the characteristics of female sexual perpetrators. They are mainly young (age up to 36 years old), friends or relatives of the victim, using more persuasion and psychological coercion and legally charged in a lesser extent compared with male abusers. However the psychological consequences for the victim can be more severe.

Conclusion

A unanimous view of what is female sexual abuse is difficult to reach. Often it is under reported, unrecognized or considered ethically more acceptable than male abuse. It is also connected with an increased self-report of history of sexual abuse of the perpetrators. A typology of female sexual abusers should be developed. Treatments focusing on different psychological interventions along with prevention and public awareness can be a powerful tool in reduction of sexual abuse perpetrated by females.     

论滥用诉权

诉权是一种程序性权利,它建立的基础是平等主体之间因人身关系和财产关系所发生的纠纷,当事人行使诉权得到了法律的保护,基于宪法对人权的保障和尊重.诉权的行使一旦超出了合法界限,就会损害他人的合法权益,诉讼随着纠纷而启动,从而出现了滥用诉权的问题.如何界定滥用诉权及滥用诉权的表现形式,都是当前需探讨的问题.     

Predictors of Child Behavior Problems among Children of Female Vietnam Veterans

This study examined the impacts of intimate partner aggression by female Vietnam veterans and their male partners on their children’s behavior problems (N = 100 children). Veteran and partner psychological distress were also examined as potential mediators of these relationships. Results indicated that physical and psychological aggression perpetration by both the female veteran and the male partner was associated with child behavior problems. Contrary to expectations, psychological distress in the veteran and partner was not associated with child behavior problems and did not mediate the effects of physical and psychological aggression on this outcome.