Behavior Problems in Children Exposed to Wife Abuse: Gender Differences

Family aggression patterns and behavior problems of children, aged 6-12, recruited from shelters for battered women (shelter group) were contrasted with three comparison groups of currently nonviolent families: two-parent, single-mother, and homeless. Girls who had been exposed to recent interparental wife abuse were predicted to show more internalizing and externalizing behavior problems than similarly exposed boys, based on recent literature. Homeless and shelter mothers reported the highest rates of parent-child aggression. Shelter girls obtained significantly higher total, internalizing and externalizing behavior problem ratings than shelter boys, and than two-parent and single-mother girls. Shelter boys obtained significantly higher internalizing ratings than two-parent boys. Shelter and homeless children were rated as having equivalent levels of behaviour problems. Across all groups, mothers' psychological adjustment was a better predictor of daughters' adjustment than that of sons. The study concluded that the assumption that preadolescent girls have greater immunity to psychosocial risk is unfounded.     

Wife Abuse in Hong Kong Chinese Families: A Community Survey

The present study aimed to explore the extent and pattern of wife abuse in Hong Kong Chinese families. The sample included 1,132 married women aged 18 or older randomly selected from the community. Results showed that 67.2% of the surveyed women reported at least one incident of verbal abuse, and 10% experienced at least one incident of physical abuse by their husbands during the surveyed year. Husband-to-wife minor physical violence was almost seven times more than husband-to-wife severe physical violence (9.8% vs 1.4%). Couples' age and their age differences were related to physical wife abuse but not verbal wife abuse. Specifically, physical wife abuse in the form of minor violence occurred most frequently among married men and women aged 30 or below; and both minor and severe physical violence to wife was found most frequently among couples whose ages were more than 20 years apart. Couples' education level, differences in education, occupation, family income, and number of children were not related to various forms of wife abuse; whereas the length of marriage and marital satisfaction were significant correlates of wife abuse. Results were discussed with regard to relevant local and Western studies.     

Parenthood,Childhood and Injury: Some Dilemmas for the Law of Torts

This paper looks at some recent developments in the law of torts. It looks in particular at the emergence of civil claims with respect to child abuse and the confinements effected by traditional limitation periods in relation to those claims. It examines in particular in the first section the House of Lords decision in Stubbings v. Webb to the effect that civil claims over child sex abuse were time barred, and the subsequent unsuccessful appeal to the European Court of Human Rights which ruled by seven votes to two that there had been no violation of articles 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights. It is also noted that the Court ruled unanimously that there had been no violation of article 8; and by eight votes to one that there had been no violation of article 14. The paper turns in the second section to what have been called actions for wrongful birth, arguing that here we see the law of torts taking a more protective role, one which must be set side by side with the child abuse actions examined in the first part of the paper. Throughout the paper, both English and Australian law is canvassed. The major claims in this paper relate to what the author terms a singularly adult picture or rights and wrongs reflected in the law of torts.     

当前公安机关滥用警察权的具体表现、原因及对策

当前公安机关滥用警察权具体表现在使用行政处罚权的随意性、使用人民警察权的违法性、使用治安管理权的违纪性等三个方面。警察权的滥用严重损害了人民警察的形象 ,必须采取有效措施予以监督和防范。     

GC双检测器技术筛选常见毒(药)物的可行性研究

利用气相色谱仪 ,在样品进样经单柱分离后通过Y形管连接至两个不同选择性检测器 (NPD/FID)的方法 ,考察气相色谱操作条件对双检测器响应比值的影响及其该法用于复杂样品测定的可行性。结果表明当实验条件保持不变时 ,NPD/FID响应比值具有较好的重现性。改变检测器操作参数和色谱条件对NPD/FID响应比值都有影响 ,但相对于某一参比物计算得到的相对NPD/FID响应比值受影响很小。样品中待测组份的浓度改变不影响NPD/FID响应比值。在有标准品比对的情况下 ,NPD/FID响应比值或相对NPD/FID响应比值可以作为定性分析的一个参数。     

It's a Family Affair

Abstract

In the United States, incarceration rates are increasing at an alarming rate. In particular, the incarceration of women is increasing. Oklahoma has the highest rate of female incarceration in the nation, and drug offenders comprise a significant proportion of these female inmates. Placing large numbers of women in prison may have serious implications not only for the women but also for their families, particularly their children. We surveyed 144 incarcerated female drug offenders in Oklahoma, 96 of whom reported dependent children living with them prior to incarceration. The data included the women's perceptions of the effect of their incarceration on their families as well as an examination of the potential for serious problems due to placement of the children. The study indicates that many children are placed with families that have a history of abuse, which suggests that failure to consider the implications of incarcerating large numbers of women likely contributes to serious abuse risks for their children.     

Book review

Abstract

Investigation interviews of children: A guide for helping professionals. By Debra A. Poole and Michael E. Lamb. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1998. 296 pp. ISBN 1-55798-500-6 (hardcover) US£ 39.95.     

尊重与保障：刑法如何介入行政法领域——从打击“地沟油”犯罪切入

《刑法》作为后盾法，应当尊重行政法律、法规和行政规范性文件，特别是国务院的规范性文件，否则将会在犯罪行为形式上指鹿为马，不适当地扩张法网。刑法与行政法都由全国人民代表大会或其常务委员会制定，因此“生而平等”，地位没有或者说不应有高下之分。制裁滥用刑法的行为，恰恰能够为充分发挥行政法的作用创造良好的条件。     

美国、欧盟、韩国、日本微软案件比较研究——以软件产业中滥用支配地位的认定和规制为视角

关于拒绝交易，欧盟、美国的司法救济没有本质差别。至于捆绑，美国要求微软隐藏被捆绑软件的图标；欧盟要求微软提供删除多媒体播放器源代码的视窗版本，但仍允许销售提供捆绑播放器的视窗版本；韩国除了采用类似于欧盟的救济以外，还要求微软在视窗操作系统中安装辅助软件，以方便用户下载微软竞争对手的软件；在针对微软IE浏览器与视窗的调查中，欧盟迫使微软承诺在视窗操作系统中设置选择屏，以便用户自由选择浏览器。比较而言，欧盟2004年的救济比美国的有力，韩国的救济比欧盟2004年的救济又更进一步，而欧盟2009年迫使微软在视窗中设置选择屏足迄今为止解决软件捆绑最彻底的救济手段。