Personal budgets in adult social care: the fact and the fiction of the Care Act 2014

ABSTRACT

Personal budgets have been heavily promoted in government policy in England as a means of increasing the personalisation of public services, particularly in the field of adult social care. The Care Act 2014 for the first time creates a statutory requirement for personal budgets to be allocated to all individuals using state funded social care. This article examines how a particular rhetoric has developed in social care policy around personal budgets, which draws freely on the language of the disabled people’s movement and suggests that grassroots ideas are the central purpose for the introduction of personal budgets into policy. It considers whether the promises made in policy are embedded in the 2014 Act and finds that there is a mismatch between claims in social care policy on the one hand and the model of personal budgets created by the 2014 Act on the other. It concludes that the policy rhetoric around personal budgets directly appropriates the language and ideas of the disabled people’s movement while promoting a wholly distinct agenda of public sector marketisation.     

从融合到分立:儿童网络色情信息犯罪的刑事规制

儿童网络色情信息犯罪侵害的法益是"直接层法益"与"间接层法益"双重法益。"直接层法益"为儿童的身心健康权利与以"免受性剥削和性虐待"为核心的被动性的性权利,"直接层法益"为个人法益;"间接层法益"为性道德等社会法益。而成年人网络色情信息犯罪侵害的主要是基于"性的隐秘性"善良性风尚和性道德的社会法益。法益具有立法检视功能和区分功能,客观上需要将儿童网络色情犯罪与成年人网络色情犯罪分离,进而设置独立的刑事规范,并对儿童网络色情信息范围、犯罪行为类型及网络服务提供商的责任重新进行建构。     

社会主义劳动修复与“着重保护劳动所得”的逻辑贯通

"着重保护劳动所得"是党的十九届四中全会决定中的重要精神,是社会主义基本制度在保护劳动者权益、确证劳动者主人地位的根本体现,是实现劳动群众追求体面劳动和幸福生活的现实要求。社会主义劳动修复是我国劳动分配制度的重要补充,是确保劳动者权益和提升劳动者自我发展能力的重要机制,是促进劳动和谐、推动全体劳动者体面劳动、幸福生活、自由发展的根本路径。社会主义劳动修复与"着重保护劳动所得"具有一脉相承的逻辑贯通,在保护广大人民群众创造性劳动和积极劳动情怀方面具有异曲同工的社会价值;社会主义劳动修复对于提升劳动者崇尚劳动理念、激发劳动者价值创造伟力、防止和纠正劳动歧视、营造公平正义的劳动环境、构建和谐劳动关系、实现人民勤奋劳动的多元性价值创造与劳动者多样性合理需求的完美结合具有重要的学理价值。     

刑事诉讼信息共建共享问题研究

对比司法信息化建设整体迅猛发展，刑事诉讼信息的共建共享明显滞后，公检法机关的信息化建设呈现信息孤岛现象。这造成司法资源的大量浪费，成为阻碍司法信息化发展的基础性难题。刑事诉讼信息互联互通协议是指公安、检察院、法院等办案机关就办案信息共享和传递问题达成共识。这种协议可以有效地打破刑事办案机关之间的数据壁垒，是推进刑事诉讼共建共享的现实路径。协议需要充分应对信息共建共享可能给以审判为中心的诉讼架构、卷宗移送模式、控辩平等关系、司法责任带来的负面效应，协调技术理性和司法规律的关系。同时，刑事诉讼信息共建共享在运行中需处理好以下具体问题：建议将政法委作为协议主责机关，制定长远的发展计划；进一步推动卷宗电子化；实行涉案财物统一管理；妥善解决信息保密问题。     

电子商务平台经营者涉税信息报送义务履行的规范化研究——基于我国《电子商务法》第28条规定的阐释

基于协助税收征管的需要,平台经营者应依法定条件和法定程序向有管辖权的税务部门履行报送平台内经营者涉税信息的义务。我国《电子商务法》设置涉税信息报送义务旨在防范数字经济时代下税收征管的失灵、实现税负的公平负担。该法规定的平台经营者涉税信息报送义务面临履行主体过于宽泛、履行对象含混模糊、履行内容有待明确、履行监督效果欠佳等突出问题。有必要通过我国《电子商务法》施行细则,允许平台委托报送、降低初创型平台报送负担、建立跨境报送国际协调机制,以界分平台经营者职责;经由分层化管理平台内经营者与细分服务领域,以厘清该义务的履行对象范围;通过制定信息报送正面清单、明确报送部门、统一报送时间、流程和方法,以明晰该义务的履行内容;通过丰富事后行政查处机制与强化事前合规指引,以激励该义务的有效履行。     

碎片化传播对维护马克思主义整体性的影响及应对

随着社会经济与互联网技术发展的深入交互,海量庞杂的信息被分解为各式各样的信息碎片进行传播,这已成为当前甚至未来信息传播不可避免和逆转的主要潮流和趋势。这样的传播方式在提高马克思主义传播力、影响力、互动力的同时,也产生了传播媒介碎片化、主体解读碎片化、受众思维碎片化问题,流露出潜在消解马克思主义整体性的危殆。当下马克思主义大众化传播必须变革传播思维,在媒介融合、意义整合、信息聚合的措施中寻求维护马克思主义整体性的问题之解。     

The Role of Interface Shape on the Impact Characteristics and Cranial Fracture Patterns Using the Immature Porcine Head Model, ,

The forensic literature suggests that when adolescents fall onto edged and pointed surfaces, depressed fractures can occur at low energy levels. This study documents impact biomechanics and fracture characteristics of infant porcine skulls dropped onto flat, curved, edged, and focal surfaces. Results showed that the energy needed for fracture initiation was nearly four times higher against a flat surface than against the other surfaces. While characteristic measures of fracture such as number and length of fractures did not vary with impact surface shape, the fracture patterns did depend on impact surface shape. While experimental impacts against the flat surface produced linear fractures initiating at sutural boundaries peripheral to the point of impact (POI), more focal impacts produced depressed fractures initiating at the POI. The study supported case‐based forensic literature suggesting cranial fracture patterns depend on impact surface shape and that fracture initiation energy is lower for more focal impacts.     

Reunification in Intrafamilial Child Abuse Cases: A Model for Intervention

In response to a growing number of requests to help reunify parents and children separated by allegations of child abuse, we developed a model for intervention informed by clinical experience, feedback from clients and professionals, and insights from a growing body of interdisciplinary literature. This article presents a retrospective analysis of 29 intrafamilial cases describing the intervention, outcomes, and problems presented by these challenging situations. The safety and protection of the child was the paramount consideration in determining success, whether or not reunification was achieved. Using informal follow‐up data, 24 of the 29 cases were categorized as successful, 21 resulted in full or partial reunification, and 3 cases resulted in the voluntary or court‐ordered withdrawal of an accused father believed to pose a risk to the child. In 5 cases, the nonaccused parent thwarted efforts at reunification, and the case returned to the court of relevant jurisdiction.     

关于我国工伤救济请求权竞合的立法检讨与完善

工伤救济已发展成为社会化法律责任制度,但从本源上说仍是广义民事侵权的一种,因而工伤受害人的民事救济会涉及工伤保险待遇与人身损害赔偿两种请求权的竞合。我国目前相关法律存在立法空白,而国务院的个别工伤行政法规与最高人民法院的人损赔偿司法解释却又存在矛盾与冲突,司法实践中缺乏统一法律依据,导致裁判结果不一致。对此应当通过完善工伤救济制度、区别对待的立法方式解决工伤救济请求权的竞合问题,以全面实现保障与救济工伤受害人合法权益的目的。     

中国股票型开放式基金业绩的实证分析——基于信息比率与单因素模型评价方法的对比分析

采用信息比率与单因素评价模型,使用沪深300指数构建基准投资组合,对我国2005-2007年中10只股票型开放式基金经风险调整后的业绩进行实证研究。基于信息比率的基金业绩评价指标相对于单因素模型有较明显的应用优势,同时采用沪深300指数作为市场基准的评价结果更具有可靠性。