马华文化/文学本土性的建构策略及其限度析论

作为一个极富争议和内涵的概念,本土(性)在概念、在不同的时空中都可显示出本土内外操作中的艰难、复杂与吊诡,本文力图立足马华文化/文学时空,通过对本土性的建构策略与限度的讨论,希望可为前者的发展提供理论借鉴和警醒。为此,相关讨论将以较有代表性的两种模式,即吉尔兹C lifford Geertz和巴赫金M.M.Bakhtin展开论述,同时兼顾现实考量,期望可以探寻出一条可能行之有效的路径来。     

实验性兔羊水栓塞血浆凝血指标的含量变化

目的观察兔羊水栓塞(AFE)后血浆凝血指标的动态变化。方法采用怀孕家兔制作羊水栓塞动物模型,将不同性质的自身羊水注入兔血循环,分别在羊水注入前、注入后,5min、45min从兔心脏取血,用血凝仪检测血浆中各项凝血指标包括纤维蛋白原定量(FIB)、血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶凝固时间(TT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)的动态变化。结果注入羊水后PT、TT、APTT时间显著延长(P<0.01),FIB则显著降低(P<0.01),而对照组无显著变化(P>0.05)。结论凝血指标的动态变化表明羊水栓塞早期有发生DIC的趋势,胎盘提取液中的某些成分可能加重了DIC的严重程度。     

大鼠实验性脑梗死早期CT值和GFAP表达变化的研究

目的探讨大鼠24h内实验性脑梗死CT值及脑内胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)的表达变化,以间接推测脑梗死的发生时间。方法参照Longa线栓法建立大鼠大脑中动脉栓塞脑梗死模型,在不同时相点进行头颅CT扫描,测量右侧脑梗死和左侧未梗死区脑组织的CT值并求出两侧的差值。同时用免疫组化检测脑内GFAP的表达变化。结果6h组大鼠CT平扫均有明确的脑梗死灶,梗死与非梗死两侧脑组织CT值的差值与梗死时间呈直线正相关,GFAP表达与梗死时间也有一定的相关性。结论血管栓塞引起的脑梗死最早于梗死发生后6h可以诊断,并可通过脑梗死与非梗死两侧CT值的差值计算及GFAP表达变化来推测脑梗死发生的时间。     

6例心脏传导系统病变致交通事故的病理学观察

检查100例交通事故死亡者的心脏传导系统（CCS），发现大部分存在着程度不同的病变。其中6例的SAN、AVN、AVB及LBB、PBB起始部见明显的出血、炎症、脂肪浸润、纤维化、神经病变和结动脉狭窄等病变。结合案情与现场勘查，6例交通事故与CCS病变导致心律失常有关。     

论医疗纠纷的代替性解决机制

由于在纠纷解决方面所表现出来的简便、经济、快捷、专业性及保密性强等优点 ,代替性纠纷解决机制———ADR(Alternativedisputeresolution )逐渐成为许多国家和地区解决民事纠纷的一大趋势。我国现行医疗纠纷解决机制仍存在着一些问题 ,有待于进一步的改革与完善。根据我国所面临的实际情况 ,将SDR引入医疗纠纷领域是一条快速、有效地解决医疗纠纷的途径。医疗纠纷的代替性解决机制主要包括仲裁、调解以及和解。这三种纠纷解决方式各具特点 ,适用于不同情况下医疗纠纷的解决。     

人脑挫伤后细胞周期素D1表达的变化

目的研究CyclinD1在人不同部位脑挫伤组织中表达的变化及其与损伤时间的关系。方法88例脑挫伤标本按损伤后存活时间0.5,1,3,24h和3,7,14,30d分为8个实验组,另以6例非脑挫伤的脑作为对照组,应用CyclinD1免疫组织化学并结合图像分析技术观察CyclinD1的变化。结果脑挫伤后,挫伤灶中央CyclinD1阳性细胞几乎丧失,1h后挫伤灶周围CyclinD1阳性细胞开始增加,3h～30d之间各组挫伤灶周围免疫阳性反应的细胞增加显著,在3h～30d一直维持在较高水平;CyclinD1主要见于小胶质细胞和其它胶质细胞,少数神经元也呈阳性。结论人脑挫伤后,CyclinD1在多种脑细胞内表达,以胶质细胞表达明显,CyclinD1阳性细胞在伤后不久即显著增加,故可作为早期脑损伤的诊断指标。     

用VBA语言开发群体遗传学统计分析软件

目的开发适用于短串联重复序列(STR)基因座群体遗传学统计分析的软件,促进和加快STR基因座群体遗传学基础研究。方法选用简单易用的MicrosoftVBAforExcel语言,利用宏功能,开发STR基因座群体遗传学统计分析软件。结果开发建立了基于VBA语言的“群体遗传学分析易”软件,能进行STR基因座群体遗传学分析。结论开发的基于VBA语言的“群体遗传学分析易”软件,具有计算统计功能完善、输入格式兼容性好、使用方便、输出格式清晰易懂的特点,可在国内外STR基因座群体遗传学研究领域推广应用。     

Influence of substrate tissue type on larval growth in Calliphora augur and Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

The size of fly larvae is an important variable in the use of these insects to estimate postmortem interval. Furthermore, the nutritional intake of larvae is likely to vary subject to the part of a corpse on which they are feeding. A study was therefore conducted to investigate the effect of type of food substrate on larval growth in two species of forensically important Australian blowflies. After collection on sheep's liver in the laboratory, different groups of larvae of Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) and Calliphora augur (Fabricius) were grown on sheep's liver, meat, and brains, and their body lengths compared. Results indicated that the development of larvae fed sheep's liver was adversely affected compared with larvae fed meat and brain; they moulted later, reached maximum length more slowly and sometimes produced significantly smaller pupae. These findings, similar to those of another recent study, have obvious implications for postmortem interval determinations. Estimates may be considerably skewed if the site of collection of larvae at a death scene contains tissue types different to those used in reference experiments. We therefore recommend caution in forensic analyses that interpret crime scene data using developmental studies performed with a single type of larval food substrate.     

Reduction of postmortem angiography-induced tissue edema by using polyethylene glycol as a contrast agent dissolver

Postmortem investigation is increasingly supported by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging, in which postmortem minimal invasive angiography has become important. The newly introduced approach using an aqueous contrast agent solution provided excellent vessel visualization but was suspected to possibly cause tissue edema artifacts in histological investigations. The aim of this study was to investigate on a porcine heart model whether it is possible to influence the contrast agent distribution within the soft tissue by changing its viscosity by dissolving the contrast agent in polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a matrix medium. High-resolution CT scans after injection showed that viscosities above c. 15 mPa s (65% PEG) prevented a contrast agent distribution within the capillary bed of the left ventricular myocardium. Thereby, the precondition of edema artifacts could be reduced. Its minimal invasive application on human corpses needs to be further adapted as the flow resistance is expected to differ between different tissues.