未成年人毒品犯罪的现状、原因、对策分析及相关审理疑难问题探讨——以2010—2013年上海未成年人毒品犯罪为例

近年来,青少年吸毒、参与贩毒等现象不断出现,已成为危害社会秩序以及青少年健康成长的一大祸患。以2010年至2013年四年期间上海市各级人民法院审理的一审未成年人毒品犯罪案件为例,对上述犯罪呈现的特点、个体及社会之原因、处理情况以及审理中遇到的问题进行分析,并在此基础上,有针对性地对我国青少年毒品犯罪防控模式提出相关的建议和对策,以期对控制我国青少年毒品犯罪有所裨益。     

马克思共产主义理论及其当代价值浅析

马克思在唯物史观和剩余价值论的基础上,指出资本主义必定灭亡,共产主义必定实现,并描绘了共产主义社会的基本特征。实现共产主义将是一个漫长的过程。充分认识共产主义实现的必然性和长期性,对推进中国特色社会主义建设和坚定共产主义理想信念具有重要意义。     

悲伤情绪人群立冬节气表现特点分析

目的探索非疾病悲伤情绪大学生立冬节气的躯体、情绪和人格表现特点及其相互的关联性,从中医角度讨论悲伤情绪的内在病机。方法运用自拟躯体健康状况调查问卷、贝克焦虑量表(Beck Anxiety Inventory,BAI)、贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory,BDI)及艾森克人格问卷简式量表(Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revise Short Scale for Chinese,EPQ-RSC)作为测评工具,在立冬节气对中医院校大学生的悲伤情绪进行问卷调查。结果 308例被试者中,共有169例存在悲伤情绪。在躯体健康状况调查问卷的躯体总分、精神情绪总分,BAI评分,BDI评分,以及EPQ-RSC的多个因子方面,男性和女性悲伤被试者与不悲伤者比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05,或P0.01)。169例悲伤被试者中,出现频率大于50%的躯体不适条目有口干、头部不适、疲乏无力、怕冷、咽部不适和善太息;有3%的被试者存在焦虑情绪,21.3%的被试者存在抑郁情绪,悲伤者合并有注意力下降、郁闷和烦躁等精神情绪失调。女性悲伤被试者EPQ-RSC量表的P、N因子评分显著高于不悲伤者,L因子评分显著低于不悲伤者;男性悲伤被试者EPQRSC量表的E因子评分显著低于不悲伤者(P0.01)。经Pearson相关分析发现,悲伤情绪评分与BAI、BDI及躯体健康亚量表的一些条目评分存在显著相关性。结论悲伤情绪者具有一定程度的躯体不适,合并有较多的情绪失调,人格特质具有性别差异性。悲伤情绪者的病机为肝郁脾虚、胃脘气滞、气机失调。     

关于恐怖主义研究的几个问题

科学界定恐怖主义的概念是研究恐怖主义问题的逻辑起点,要正确把握当代世界恐怖主义的基本特征,需要定性和定量的分析。对于中国本土恐怖主义问题,应该将其放在国际恐怖主义大背景中加以研究,同时,中国有自己的国情,必须加强对本土恐怖主义问题的研究。国内、国际各种矛盾的尖锐化或畸形化是恐怖主义的主要成因。如何积极而富有成效地打击恐怖主义犯罪,是摆在每个国家面前重大的现实任务。     

The limits of the attractiveness premium in elections

The literature on looks and politics suggests that, at least in personalistic electoral systems, physical attractiveness helps candidates that are more attractive. We test this assumption using the unlikely case of Quebec, where provincial elections are highly salient, characterized by a strong cleavage, a sophisticated electorate and strong party- and leader-centeredness. Evaluating the effect of physical attractiveness on vote shares for nearly 5500 candidates in a multivariate analysis for four elections (i.e. 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2018), we find that physical attractiveness plays no role in determining candidates' vote shares. This applies for candidates' attractiveness score, as well as their attractiveness ranking relative to other candidates. For theory, this finding suggests that the effect of attractiveness on candidates’ electoral fortunes in winner takes all systems is contingent on other factors such as the existence of cleavages and the candidate- or party centeredness of the party system.     

Predictability of Physical and Psychological Violence by Early Adverse Childhood Experiences

Early Adverse Childhood experiences (ACEs) in families of origin can take the form of witnessing it and/or being its victim, both of which can lead to the occurrence of domestic violence. Given such close linkage, the purpose of the present study was to determine the predictive abilities of ACEs regarding specific types of physical and psychological violence. To do so, 50 couples from those referred to five different family courts in Tehran to seek divorce due to domestic violence, were randomly selected and administered an author’s-made questionnaire assessing different types of physical and psychological violence and the participant’s history of abuse by their parents. Our findings showed that witnessing domestic violence in childhood can predict different types of physical and psychological violence, but mostly could account for “hitting” of the physical type and “cursing” of the psychological type. Similarly, being the victim of domestic violence mostly accounted for predict “strangling” of the physical type and “cursing” of the psychological type. Such results are discussed in the context of the existing literature and underscore ACEs importance in terms of their predictive ability of various types of physical and psychological violence.     

中国特色社会主义理论体系的传承、发展和创新

党的十七大首次提出中国特色社会主义理论体系。中国特色社会主义理论是马克思主义中国化的最新成果。中国特色社会主义理论是具有历史传承性的,同时,又是一个开放、发展的理论体系,需要不断地发展与创新。     

中国特色社会主义与中国文化现代化

30年来,中国特色社会主义对中国传统文化的扬弃与创新,依次经历了“反思与超越”、“传承与发展”、“融合与创造”三个阶段,推进了马克思主义中国化和中国文化现代化。在新的历史起点上,实现当代中国先进文化与中国优秀传统文化的有机结合,马克思主义与中国优秀传统文化的全面整合,构建古今中外文化有序选择和创新机制。     

Targeted Neighborhood Sampling: A New Approach for Recruiting Abusive Couples

We conducted two studies to test the utility of a new strategy for recruiting couples experiencing intimate partner violence. This new strategy, Targeted Neighborhood Sampling, involves utilizing police reports of family fight calls to target particular areas within a city for recruitment efforts. Study I compared the efficacy of using this method to recruit a random versus a convenience sample. Results demonstrated that Targeted Neighborhood Sampling was most effective when recruiting a convenience sample of participants who responded to flyers left at their residences. Study II used a convenience sample and replicated the findings from Study I. Across the two studies, 40.4% of those who called after receiving a flyer experienced male-to-female partner violence within the past year. In addition, we combined data across studies and correlated types of violence the couples experienced with variables commonly associated with abuse. Psychological aggression, physical assault, and injury were all positively associated with reports of demand-withdrawal and mutual avoidance during conflict, as well as depression and symptoms of post traumatic disorder syndrome. Sexual coercion was associated with drug abuse. These results demonstrate the utility and validity of Targeted Neighborhood Sampling.

走有中国特色的辅警建设之路

辅警,是警察的辅助力量。目前,合情合理但不合法的辅警在中国大地广泛存在。我国的警务实践表明,辅警有它合理存在和发展的空间。辅警的理论和实践是现代警务机制的重要组成部分, 我们必须认真加以研究,走出一条有中国特色的辅警队伍建设之路。