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111.
政策问题是通过公共活动应该得到但却未能得到实现的需要。构建政策问题是政策制定过程的首要环节,也是整个政策周期的逻辑起点。在前互联网时代政策问题的建构主要是由大众传媒和政策信息子系统来完成的。互联网的普及为广大民众参与构建政策问题提供了便捷。案例研究表明网络民意在政策问题建构中的作用突出体现在四个方面:第一,感知并扩散问题情境;第二,帮助搜寻政策问题;第三,促进共识,参与政策问题确认;第四,对政策问题描述进行监督,减少虚假信息。 相似文献
112.
韩国国会议员的社会背景是其政策决策的社会源流。韩国的内外政策从宏观看存在着左右分野,而从微观看则明显带有个人的影响。韩国社会是一个人情社会,社会标签与网络决定了个人的情绪与政策喜好。在对议员社会背景的分析中,性别与血型、血缘与地域、教育经历、职业生涯、特别经历等因素决定了议员本人的活动与价值观,从而决定了政策的基本走向。这些基本的社会背景因素对国会议员的议政活动和议会政治发展产生了种种影响。 相似文献
113.
ABSTRACT Networks of organizations involved in public policy implementation require strong interaction, concerted action and high degrees of collaboration to be effective. However, little is known about how different types of organizations involved in implementation of multi-sectoral social policies interact in these networks. In this article the relationship between organizational characteristics and network position is explored, as well as how the intensity of collaborations can also determine organizations’ involvement in networks. The nature of funding (public/private) and the remit of activity of organizations are found to determine their influence and importance in social policy networks. Furthermore, the network position of the organizations also depends on the level of intensity of their interactions. These results can guide public administrators when developing and promoting networks to involve a particular type of actor and also policymakers as to which types of ties are more aligned with the implementation of a particular policy. 相似文献
114.
2016年杜特尔特总统执政以来,菲律宾政府调整了对华政策,在南海问题上采取主动降温的方式,加强了与中国的政治沟通和经济合作,放弃了"联美制华"政策,转而奉行"大国平衡"政策。这种调整使得中菲关系得以平稳有序的发展。不过,杜特尔特总统仍然继承和延续了菲律宾的一些传统政策,主要表现在南海问题上坚持领土要求,坚持南海仲裁案的结果,以及对美国的防务依赖性。 相似文献
115.
1853年的佩里来航,给日本社会带了前所未有的恐慌。第二年,《日美和亲条约》的签订标志着日本持续了近两百年的锁国时代就此结束。从此,为了与西方列强保持平等的关系,建立一个近代国家,日本政府开始积极学习和效仿西方的「一国、一民、一语」原则,大力推行国语统一的政策。可以说,此次佩里来航事件的发生极大地刺激了日本人的民族意识,为日后的民族认同以及国家认同打下了基础。 相似文献
116.
According to a growing tradition in International Relations, one way governments can credibly signal their intentions in foreign policy crises is by creating domestic audience costs: leaders can tie their hands by publicly threatening to use force since domestic publics punish leaders who say one thing and do another. We argue here that there are actually two logics of audience costs: audiences can punish leaders both for being inconsistent (the traditional audience cost), and for threatening to use force in the first place (a belligerence cost). We employ an experiment that disentangles these two rationales, and turn to a series of dispositional characteristics from political psychology to bring the audience into audience cost theory. Our results suggest that traditional audience cost experiments may overestimate how much people care about inconsistency, and that the logic of audience costs (and the implications for crisis bargaining) varies considerably with the leader's constituency. 相似文献
117.
社会服务领域政策理论构建初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李兵 《北京行政学院学报》2016,(4):93-98
社会服务体系建设包括众多议题,我们不能仅仅考虑政策法规层面和实践层面的建设,更要重视理论层面的建设,只有这样,社会服务体系建设才算完整。需要强调的是,社会服务领域不仅需要一般科学研究提出的社会科学理论和自然科学理论,更需要用于指导社会服务政策和实践、定位于政策的理论,即政策理论。本着这一目的,本文就社会服务领域理论的政策用途、如何构建和构建什么样的政策理论进行初步探索。 相似文献
118.
Alan Chong 《The Pacific Review》2016,29(2):235-258
This article attempts to engage in a preliminary twinned study of the foreign policy styles of Mahathir bin Mohamad and Lee Kuan Yew within the framework of ‘modernizing Southeast Asian foreign policies’. Modernization is a process of immense multidimensional displacement in economy, society, political system, attitudes towards politicians, identities, work, and consumption. As such the onus falls upon their leaders to either mitigate change or productively awaken their followers to embrace a new mode of thought. Both Lee and Mahathir have however chosen to engage in the foreign policy of intellectual iconoclasm featuring the narrative of ‘productive shock’, manufactured nationalist logics, elitist policy-making and elaborate self-propaganda. 相似文献
119.
ZHAO Tingyang 《国际安全研究》2016,2(1):1-12
Globalization has ushered in new political conditions and new political
issues which goes beyond modernity. Internal politics and international politics, two
political layers of the framework of modern political thinking, cannot effectively
expound and solve political problems on the global scale, hence the need to introduce
a global political analytical framework befitting the new global conditions. In contrast
with modern political thinking which is based on the concept of hostile and competitive
game, globalization has promoted universalization of knowledge, information and
technology, and consequently symmetrical imitation of strategies will bring no
gains but self-destruction. Moreover, with the high interdependency in economy and
existence resulting from globalization, a new power, made up of global capital, shared
technology and common media, is exerting its networked global dominance. This new
power derives its authority not from its strength but from service, and its new power
formula is: service is power. Thus the challenge for the global politics is not hostile
competition but the optimization of co-existence. The new all-under heaven system,
based on non-exclusive co-existence, holds the best chance to the resolution of political
and economic problems on the global scale and world peace. 相似文献
120.
随着西方国家“轻轻重重”两极化刑事政策的确立及我国宽严相济刑事政策的提出,学界对两者相通性的探讨逐渐增多,但对两者区别的研究甚少。在对两者历史沿革、具体内容、价值取向进行比较分析的基础上,可以得出我国刑事政策的理性选择。 相似文献