对证人拒证问题的几点思考

鉴于证人证言的重要性,我国刑法规定,凡是了解案件情况的人(证人)都有作证义务,但是侦查机关在办案收集证据时,经常遇到证人无理拒证或不敢作证的情况。证人拒绝作证,不仅仅是证人缺乏社会责任感、正义感的问题,而且主要也由我国法律制度本身的缺陷造成。因此,针对证人拒证问题,必须加强对证人的保护,明确证人的权利,对拒不履行作证义务的证人给予有效制裁并确立证人特权原则。     

多元价值取向背景下沉默权的探讨

沉默权在产生运用过程中曾引起很大争论,当前许多国家根据实际情况对沉默权做出相应限制。沉默权不是保障人权、拒绝强迫自证其罪和无罪推定的必然要求与合理延伸,更不是杜绝刑讯逼供的最佳武器。     

建立沉默权制度的理论与实践

能否建立和施行沉默权制度,是衡量一个国家和地区民主建设进程的重要标志之一。在我国建立沉默权制度,对于发展有中国特色的社会主义市场经济,完善有时代精神的社会主义法律制度,具有迫切的意义。必须经过法定程序建立沉默权制度。     

Confidentiality and Privilege for Family and Child Protection Mediation: A Roadmap for Navigating the Innovation,Inconsistency and Confusion

This article will identify the inconsistency and confusion in mediation regarding the definition of mediation, the role of the mediator, and the difference between mediation confidentiality and privilege. Further, it will discuss the confusion and inconsistency in the protection of mediation communication, specifically regarding the definition of mediation communication, the time frame for protected communication, waiver of the protections and exceptions to protected mediation communication. It will provide a roadmap and fact pattern for determining whether mediation communications are protected and if so, the protection they are afforded. Lastly, it will offer recommendations so parties, professionals and the courts may better understand and reap the benefits of mediation.     

The Protection of Confidentiality in Australian Family Law

This paper identifies and discusses the legislative provisions which protect confidentiality in family law proceedings in Australia. The purpose of discussing these protections is two‐fold: firstly, to identify the scope and operation of these protections for Australian legal practitioners; secondly, to allow comparison of Australian protections to those offered in other jurisdictions. This paper will consider duties of confidentiality and evidential privileges in the context of settlement negotiation, mediation, arbitration, lawyer‐client relationships and medical, counselling and other therapeutic relationships. The rationale for the protection of confidentiality in some of these relationships and circumstances, but not in others, will also be considered in an attempt to understand why it is so.     

民事证言拒绝权的理论与实践--以价值的权衡为中心

证言拒绝权是现代法治国家对证人作证义务的一种法定免除,其法理基础在于社会生活某些领域的价值要超越纠纷解决所带来的安定性.在现代各国的立法上,通过确立民事证言拒绝权所要维护的社会价值包括证人自身的利益、家庭关系、职业秘密与公共利益.民事证言拒绝权以行使的方式为依据可以分为"完全的证言拒绝权"与"不完全的证言拒绝权"两大类.在证言拒绝权的实现上,两大法系的做法存在一定的差异.     

论刑事扣押的对象——以辩护律师从被追诉人处获知秘密事项为视角

刑事辩护制度是被追诉人辩护权的重要保障。我国刑事诉讼法虽然确立了辩护律师保守职业秘密的权利,但对其从被追诉人处获知的事项能否成为刑事扣押的对象,立法的规定存在不足。应借鉴域外法治国家的有益经验,对辩护律师从被追诉人处获知的事项进行区分,以决定其是否可以成为刑事扣押的对象,从而在保障被追诉人的辩护权和惩罚犯罪之间实现价值平衡。