论利益保障视域下城市规划中的公众参与——基于德国双层可持续参与制度的启示

随着我国城市化进程的不断深入,城市规划制订中的法治化问题逐渐进入了我们行政法学研究的视野。由于城市规划本身的特殊性使得在规划制订程序中存在着公众参与制度广阔的适用空间,《城乡规划法》已经对城市规划制订中公众参与制度进行了比较原则的规定,但是各地政府在具体实践中存在着诸多的适用困境。我国应借鉴德国城市规划中公众参与制度,确立以保障公众利益、防止公民权益受到过量损害为目标的制度,最终通过完善我国城市规划中公众参与的具体制度,以期实现保障公民利益的目标。     

西方社会民主党的全球化理论浅析

全球化是一个历史范畴。它是指在经济力量和技术力量的推动下,世界正在形成一个共同分享的社会空间。西方左翼的社会民主党人提出了他们自己特点和形态的全球化观。包括对全球化的理解、动因、内容和特点及应对方略等。社会民主主义政党的全球化理论实质是全球化时代西方垄断资本势力的支持者和代言人。     

邓小平同志南方谈话的理论贡献——以社会主义本质论和社会主义市场经济理论为例

邓小平同志南方谈话开启了党第二次思想解放的浪潮。社会主义本质论强调生产力的作用,体现了共同富裕的目标,为中国社会主义事业的发展指明了前进的方向。社会主义市场经济理论打破关于计划与市场姓＂社＂还是姓＂资＂的思想羁绊,在实践上确保经济建设的中心地位,并引发社会主义根本性的良性转型。社会主义本质论和社会主义市场经济理论体现了马克思主义解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进的理论品质,是对社会主义事业的重大理论贡献。     

A Behavioural Understanding of Privacy and its Implications for Privacy Law

This article draws upon social interaction theory (the work of Irwin Altman) to develop a theory of the right to privacy, which reflects the way that privacy is experienced. This theory states that the right to privacy is a right to respect for barriers, and that an invasion of privacy occurs when a privacy barrier is penetrated. The first part of the paper establishes the position of the author's theory in the existing scholarship. The second part of the paper expands upon the theory to explain the nature of privacy barriers and the way that the author's theory manages a number of specific privacy issues, including threats to privacy, attempted invasions of privacy, unforeseeable interferences with privacy and waiving the right to privacy. The final part of the paper demonstrates the impact that this approach to privacy could have upon judicial reasoning, in particular Article 8 European Convention on Human Rights.     

刑事证据制度:从逻辑规则向程序规则的演进——以非法证据排除制度为切入点的分析

本文以非法证据排除制度为样本,对2012年刑事诉讼法修改后证据制度的发展和变革作了梳理,讨论了为规范司法机关诉讼活动,保障公民基本权利,在充分考虑中外法律传统、诉讼模式等方面差异,充分考虑国情并借鉴外国先进经验的基础上确立非法证据排除制度时的考量因素.非法证据排除制度的建立,体现了我国刑事证据制度从以逻辑推演规则为基础...     

突发事件应对中的最大保护原则——以公开劫持人质事件处置为例

突发事件应对措施的设定和实施,特别是在以公开劫持人质事件处置为例的社会安全事件处置中,面临着谨守最小侵害原则或强调最大保护原则的选择难题。《突发事件应对法》第11条第1款所规定的最大保护原则是在谨守最小侵害原则无法回应实践需求的情况下,对措施妥当性提出的更高标准。突发事件应对措施本身的实质合法性调低对侵害性的要求,遵循侵害与危害相适应的原则。但是,最小侵害原则仍然在特定的情境下适用。突发事件应对中对最大保护原则的适用需要受到动态评估和检视,同时需要与最小侵害原则、侵害相当原则结合评价措施本身的实质合法性,此外还应受到均衡原则的平衡和制约。这一原则,规范突发事件应对措施的具体实施,在制定应急处置预案或者设定具体措施及其裁量基准时也应得到遵循。     

保护公民、法人和其他组织的权益应成为行政诉讼的根本目的

修改《行政诉讼法》首先要确定行政诉讼的目的,即如何在解决行政争议、保护公民权益与监督行政机关三者之间作出抉择。虽然三者均可以作为行政诉讼的目的,但无疑保护公民权益应作为行政诉讼的主要目的和根本目的。因为《行政诉讼法》不仅应宣示保护公民权益的重要性,更关键性的是在行政诉讼具体制度的安排上体现和落实这一主要目的,解决目的多元带来的制度困惑和实践难题。     

EU General Data Protection Regulation: Changes and implications for personal data collecting companies

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will come into force in the European Union (EU) in May 2018 to meet current challenges related to personal data protection and to harmonise data protection across the EU. Although the GDPR is anticipated to benefit companies by offering consistency in data protection activities and liabilities across the EU countries and by enabling more integrated EU-wide data protection policies, it poses new challenges to companies. They are not necessarily prepared for the changes and may lack awareness of the upcoming requirements and the GDPR's coercive measures. The implementation of the GDPR requirements demands substantial financial and human resources, as well as training of employees; hence, companies need guidance to support them in this transition. The purposes of this study were to compare the current Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC with the GDPR by systematically analysing their differences and to identify the GDPR's practical implications, specifically for companies that provide services based on personal data. This study aimed to identify and discuss the changes introduced by the GDPR that would have the most practical relevance to these companies and possibly affect their data management and usage practices. Therefore, a review and a thematic analysis and synthesis of the article-level changes were carried out. Through the analysis, the key practical implications of the changes were identified and classified. As a synthesis of the results, a framework was developed, presenting 12 aspects of these implications and the corresponding guidance on how to prepare for the new requirements. These aspects cover business strategies and practices, as well as organisational and technical measures.