从结构化视角看中国“公务员热”

"公务员热"是一个倍受政府、社会和学者关注的现实问题。文章借助结构化理论,从社会结构和个体行动者两方面剖析"公务员热",认为该现象的产生是作为国家公务员制度的结构与作为公务员报考者的主体相互作用的结果,这一过程既受到当前中国社会结构的制约和使然,又形塑为社会发展中新的结构要素,进而得出"公务员热"再结构化的启示。     

我国现行立法对侦查权限制规定的缺失

对权力缺乏有效的监督和约束极易导致权力的错位和滥用。因此,必须对权力进行有效的制约。侦查权属于公权力的范畴,必须受到必要的限制。     

试谈公安院校图书馆教育管理职能

信息资源服务，是高校图书馆的基本职能。公安院校图书馆也具备一般高校图书馆的职能，同时在培养警务人才的过程中还发挥着引导学习、辅助教学、培养素质、塑造品格等重要作用。公安院校应认识到图书馆对于读者教育管理的重要意义，并努力借助警务化管理的特色，将学生读者的教育与管理职能落到实处。     

论公共行政的扩张与规制

公共行政,是指那些不以营利为目的,旨在有效地增进与公平地分配社会公共利益、满足公众的各种需要而进行的组织与调控活动,是理论与实践随历史演进而不断发展完善的过程。公共行政由于市场的失灵而得以迅速扩张,不可避免带来了诸多消极后果。公共行政的扩张有其必然性,但应当得到规制。     

对非营利组织的社会公信力困境探析

非营利组织公信力是社会、被服务对象、政府、第三方专业机构以及捐赠方对其的认可及信任程度,是非营利组织的第二生命。当前,影响我国非营利组织社会公信力的主要原因是其组织内部自律机制缺失,自身发展能力不足,自身性质定位不明确,有不当营利行为,公共责任缺失,等等。     

论依法推进社会治安防范

公安机关依法开展社会治安防范工作是由其政治属性、工作目标和基本任务决定的。公安机关要在党委和政府的领导下,积极动员与组织社会各方力量参与社会治安防范,推进社会治安防控体系建设。     

Civil Service Reform in Latin America: External Referents Versus Own Capacities

In the context of state reform and democratisation in Latin America, reinforcing public institutions becomes critical to sustaining and consolidating realised gains. In this area, civil service reforms are critical. But civil service reform initiatives in Latin American countries were designed with different degrees of compatibility with countries’ administrative traditions and with the role played by the civil service within the political system. The results of different initiatives are described in a brief review of six key features of nine Latin American civil services. Discussion of these results allows us to draw conclusions about the capacity to generate learning dynamics. A new conception of the civil service and its role in the political system appears more evident, unless the required political consensus for implementing and consolidating the new reform strategy for most Latin American public administrations is not confirmed.     

论公法在中国的演进

公、私法的划分肇始于西方,因其契合着人的公共性和个体性而得以延续和广泛应用。公法因社会生态的不同而演变出宗教、道德、法律等不同的表现形态。公法在中国是伴随着共同体的形成而生成的。近代以前,由于公共利益遮蔽了个体利益,道德始终占据着社会的主导地位,公法在中国一直以道德的形式存在着。近现代后,社会生态的变化使得利益多元化逐渐生成,公法在中国逐渐由道德向法律转变。当前公、私法之间愈来愈呈现出融合的趋势。宪法的彰显是公、私法划分发展的一个新阶段,它使公、私法的二元对立实现了在更高层次上的统一。公法在宪法整体性的协调下,已呈现出自足与互助的同构。     

我国当前的行政执行与政府执行力研究

政府执行力不足是当前我国政府必须面对的一个严峻课题。本文着重分析了行政执行和行政执行力之间的关系，总结了当前我国行政执行的特点，对政府执行力的概念予以界定。同时，剖析了当前政府执行力不足的原因，提出了提高政府执行力的政策建议。     

THE EFFECTS OF LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT BLOCK GRANTS ON SERIOUS CRIME*

Research Summary The Local Law Enforcement Block Grants (LLEBG) Program was second only to the Community‐Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Program in its funding levels. Some $3 billion was dispensed to local jurisdictions to reduce crime and improve public safety; yet the effects of LLEBG funding on crime have been all but ignored. Accordingly, panel data from more than 5,000 cities covering a 12‐year period (1990–2001) were collected, and index crime rates were regressed on LLEBG funding and appropriate demographic controls. Additional controls for police levels and other federal grants were also introduced, proper checks for endogeneity of grants (and police levels) were performed, and the models were subjected to an array of robustness checks. A consistent message emerged: LLEBG Program funding was associated with significant reductions in serious crime. Policy Implications Although LLEBG funding seemed to reduce serious crime, the results also revealed that the decrease did not occur through the hiring of additional police officers, even though many funds were used for that purpose. Other mechanisms were thus at work, but the data did not provide insights into what these mechanisms were. In any case, every $1 in LLEBG funding per capita was associated with approximately 59 fewer index crimes per 100,000 people. When combined with the findings from recent studies of the effects of community policing grants on crime, this study suggests additional federal support for local law‐enforcement agencies should be considered.