我国公安机关实施“顾客导向”的可行性分析

全球性的行政改革浪潮给传统的公共行政模式带来了巨大的冲击,并重塑了传统的政府行政理念。政府治理模式由管制行政转向服务行政,由"机构导向"转向"顾客导向"。基于中西方行政改革的大背景和世界警务发展趋势,借鉴国外境外公共部门的成功实践和例证,深入分析我国公安机关实施"顾客导向"的必要性和可行性,为我国公安机关实现由生产者、管理者向提供者、服务者转变提供全景式的理论和实践支持。     

浅析当前流窜犯罪形态及侦查对策

以多发性侵财犯罪为主要表现的流窜犯罪,一直是当前公安机关打击破案的"软肋"和"难题"。准确掌握其特点,采取针对性措施,建立健全行之有效的侦查机制,是提高打击流窜犯罪效能的题中之义。     

警察院校英语教学改革的几点思考

按照教育部《大学英语课程教学要求》确定的大学英语教学目标,结合警务工作的现实需要,目前警察院校英语教学目标应确定在达到"一般要求"层次基础上,贯彻"强调听说"的改革方向,教学模式应推行课堂教学和校园网上运行的英语教学软件相结合,在警察专业英语教学上要摈弃短浅目光,重点搞好教材建设和师资培训。     

Learning and Party Competition

Downs's (1957) analysis of political ideologies by means of a spatial analogy suggests that parties' efforts to attract votes lead them to adopt a median position. In this study, we consider a typology of two‐party competition based on two different learning environments, i.e. individual and social learning. Our results suggest that in the environment of population learning we have the median outcome, i.e. conventional, and in the one of individual learning we have the outcome of divergence.     

都市中的熟人社会--缅甸曼德勒华人的生存场域、社会交往及其与缅人的族群关系

曼德勒为缅甸第二大城市,它既是缅甸地理意义上的中心,也是缅北地区政治、经济与文化的中心。近年来,随着曼德勒华人的日益增多,华人与当地主体族群———缅人的关系成为曼德勒最重要的族群关系之一,而这种关系并非总是处于友好和谐的状态,甚至时而可以体会到这座城市中的反华情绪。笔者通过田野调查发现,曼德勒华人在都市的法理空间中,践行熟人社会的社会交往方式是导致出现这种紧张族群关系的重要原因之一。综合曼德勒华人与缅人两个群体的表述,揭示日常生活中曼德勒华人的熟人社会的社会交往方式,将会为理解曼德勒华人的境遇及缅华关系提供一种新的视角。     

‘Just kidding. I'm white!’ knowledge,perceptions and attitudes of white and Indian male university students towards HIV prevention

This article reports the findings of a qualitative study that explored what white and Indian students at a South African university felt and knew about HIV prevention. The study explored the knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of white and Indian male students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal's (UKZN) Howard College towards medical male circumcision (MMC) as an HIV prevention procedure. The study was prompted, in part, by a cynical tweet by Justine Sacco, which implied that HIV is an exclusively black disease. More substantially, the research aimed to fill a gap in studies of non-black student demographics with regard to HIV prevention. The level of knowledge and the attitudes of white and Indian male students were explored to establish the acceptability of HIV prevention amongst these two demographics. To what extent do non-black students care about HIV prevention and prevalence amongst themselves? The prevention method selected for the study was MMC - a choice informed by UKZN's formal adoption and roll out, in 2013, of MMC as its latest HIV prevention strategy for students and staff. The study, which sampled 40 students, was rooted in the Health Belief Model, which explains health behaviour change in terms of barriers, benefits and cues to action, as well as the Social Ecology Model, which recognises the interwoven relationship between individuals and their greater environment. A qualitative, interpretive, exploratory research design was employed. Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions, and analysed thematically. The findings suggest a relatively widespread perception that white and Indian students are not at risk of HIV, demonstrating that the association of HIV with a specific race is both a sad fact and a sign of enduring prejudice and stigma.     

Developing a theory of dynamic risk

ABSTRACT

The Propensities Model is now the dominant applied conceptualization of dynamic risk factors for sexual offending. In this paper five important limitations of this model are identified: it asserts causality but does not explain it; it does not represent human agency; it offers no account of what is involved in the development of propensities; it does not explain stable change in risk; and its account of the operation of static factors is a theoretical leap not supported by the evidence. A more elaborate theoretical framework is developed by integrating ideas from Ward's Good Lives model, Beck's account of schema modes, and Fishbein and Ajzen's Theory of Reasoned Action. This more elaborate framework incorporates the Propensities Model in a way that mitigates its limitations. Implications for research, assessment, and rehabilitation are explored.     

Blood Will Not Justify My Relation: Same‐Sex Couples and their Battle for Standing as De Facto Parents

A parent's right to maintain a relationship with his/her child lies within the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution; however, this right does not apply to every type of parent. Although the U.S. Supreme Court granted same‐sex couples the right to marry, they still face parental rights issues when their child(ren) are nonbiological or nonadoptive because they lack standing for custody and/or visitation as de facto parents. Moreover, the rise of nontraditional same‐sex‐couple families has been placing states in a predicament, and the lack of uniform rights for de facto parents creates great inconsistency across the United States. The creation of a uniform statute with specific elements distinguishing de facto parents from mere caretakers will grant same‐sex nonbiological parents standing and create uniformity across the United States.     

论委托人与辩护律师的关系——以美国律师职业行为规范为切入的分析

“委托人与辩护律师的关系”在律师职业行为规范中处于核心的地位。相较于委托人与辩护律师基于合意而成立的民事合同关系,律师职业行为规范对辩护律师提出了更多更高的要求。这些要求体现在二者交往的多个方面,包括关系的成立、权利的分配、利益冲突的解决、关系的终止等。在这些规则的背后,辩护律师的忠诚义务和维护司法正义义务是贯彻始终的二大基本理念,其中,忠诚义务是核心,维护司法正义则为律师划定了行为的边界。在律师职业伦理亟待重新构建的我国,美国律师职业行为规范对我国在诸如调整委托人与律师的关系,即强调忠诚义务、引入有效辩护等方面具有重大的启发意义。     

政府形式回应是无奈之举还是必要手段:一个整合性归因模型

十九大报告提出"以人民为中心"的发展思想,要求各地政府积极转变政府职能,通过更加平衡、更为充分的发展来不断满足人民在新时代的新需求,提升政府的回应性。但现实中存在大量推诿性回应、模糊性回应等"政府形式回应"行为。研究发现,公众的不合理期望与政府权力和能力有限的矛盾催生出超越政府职责范围与能力边界的诉求,构成政府形式回应的触发因素;制度环境、抗争性利益表达以及官僚理性知识与个人感性知识冲突是政府形式回应发生的重要外部推力;与此同时,基层公务员胜任力不足和公众身份特征则发挥着调节变量的作用。