The challenge of the creative Third World

This article is a contribution to recent literature on the shape of the polycentric world order. It argues that the Third World remains a valid concept for describing the interests and ideas that shape the foreign policies of many key non-Western states. However, the Third World has changed in a fundamental way. The article describes the historical emergence and contemporary manifestations of a ‘creative’ Third World in contrast to the ‘protest’ Third World of the past. It describes the nature of this shift and how it is reshaping Western leadership. It argues that the main challenge for the West is to create a coherent pluralism in international order that embraces this creative Third World.     

通督调神针刺法治疗风痰瘀阻型急性脑梗死临床观察

目的 从炎性因子水平探究通督调神针刺法治疗急性脑梗死的作用机制。方法 将40例风痰瘀阻型急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组20例。对照组患者接受改善脑循环、抗血小板聚集、保护神经等治疗措施,治疗组患者加用通督调神针刺疗法。采用改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin scale, mRS）和美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIH Stroke Scale,NIHSS）评价脑梗死后神经功能缺损,治疗前后分别检测血浆白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6, IL-6）和超敏C反应蛋白（high sensitive C-reactive protein, hs-CRP）水平。结果 治疗组临床疗效明显优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗1周后,两组IL-6水平显著降低（P<0.05）,hs-CRP水平显著升高（P<0.05）,且治疗组IL-6和hs-CRP水平显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗4周后,两组IL-6和hs-CRP水平较治疗1周后明显下降（P<0.05）;两组IL-6和hs-CRP水平比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。治疗4周后,两组NIHSS和mRS评分均较治疗前明显下降（P<0.05）,且治疗组NIHSS和mRS评分降低程度显著大于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 通督调神针刺法改善风痰瘀阻型急性脑梗死患者神经功能缺损的机制与降低血浆IL-6、hs-CRP水平有关。     

übergang der Hauptmietrechte bei Ver?u?erung eines nur in Teilen des Mietobjekts betriebenen Unternehmens – Frisiersalon

Die Ver?u?erung eines von mehreren in einheitlichen Mietr?umen geführten selbst?ndigen Betriebes bewirkt wegen der ohne Zustimmung des Vermieters nicht m?glichen Zerlegung der Mietrechte den Rechtsübergang nicht.     

Hybrid law and human rights – banning and behaviour orders in the appeal courts

The desire of the New Labour Government to be seen as responsive to popular concerns and moral panics over hooliganism and anti-social behaviour is resulting in the increased use of legislative responses that bridge criminal and civil law. Anti-Social Behaviour Orders and Football Banning Orders are two key examples of this ‘Hybrid Law’, imposed as a response to criminal conduct, supported by criminal law sanctions, but operating under a civil law procedure providing fewer protections for defendants. These hybrid orders have the power to severely restrict the freedom of individuals who have not been found guilty of any criminal offence, and have been challenged in two important cases under Article 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights. The decisions of the Appeal Courts that the purpose of the orders is merely preventative rather than punitive, and can therefore be justifiably imposed under a civil law procedure, is controversial and indicates an unwillingness to use the powers of the Human Rights Act to challenge such legislation and protect the fundamental human rights of defendants.Dr Geoff Pearson is Lecturer in Law, Management School, University of Liverpool     

血斑酸性磷酸酶、腺苷激酶、腺苷脱氨酶和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶同时电泳分型

本文作者介绍了利用薄层淀粉凝胶电泳对血斑酸性磷酸酶(EAP)、腺苷激酶(AK)、腺苷脱氨酶(ADA)和6-磷酸葡萄糖酸脱氢酶(6-PGD)同时电泳分型的方法,同时报道了这四种酶在北京地区汉族人中的表型分布和基因频率.     

中国第二代互联网--CERNET2

10年前,中国教育和科研计算机网(CERNET)建成了我国第一个全国主干网,拉开了中国互联网发展的序幕.10年后,CERNET2试验网作为我国第一个下一代互联网主干网,2004年3月19日在北京正式开通并提供服务,再次吹响了中国下一代互联网建设的号角.本文从CERNET2的概念、特点、发展计划、应用领域等方面全方位进行了阐述.     

Abweichender Aufteilungsschlüssel nach § 19 WEG 1975 – Übergangsrecht zum 3. WÄG

Nach stRsp bezieht sich die Rückwirkung eines Gesetzes nur auf jene Tatbest?nde, für die sie ausdrücklich ausgesprochen wird. Das übergangsrecht des 3. W?G h?lt am Grundsatz fest, dass neues Recht (hier: nach § 19 Abs 2 WEG 1975 einstimmig schriftlich zu vereinbarender, vom Anteilsverh?ltnis abweichender Aufteilungsschlüssel der Liftkosten) nicht auf Sachverhalte anzuwenden ist, die vor Inkrafttreten der neuen Bestimmung endgültig und abschlie?end verwirklicht worden sind (hier: Mehrheitsvereinbarung der Wohnungseigentümer gem § 19 Abs 1 Z 1 WEG 1975 idF § 56 Z 2 MRG). Auch § 56 Abs 9 WEG 2002 ?ndert nichts daran, dass die seinerzeit von den Wohnungseigentümern geschlossene Mehrheitsvereinbarung nach § 19 Abs 1 Z 1 WEG 1975 weiterhin wirksam bleibt.     

Preserving fairness: Williams against Cohen on just inequality

The view that the choices people make affect what it is fair for them to receive has widespread appeal. This very general thought has found particular and acute expression in the context of distributive justice in the form of the influential view that has become known as luck egalitarianism. In a surprising development, one of luck egalitarianism’s foremost advocates – G.A. Cohen – appeared, in one of his final papers, to reject the commitment to the fairness of chosen inequalities that defines luck egalitarianism. In opposition to the luck egalitarian view, Cohen suggests that choice merely deprives the disadvantaged of a complaint against being worse off, rather than rendering such inequality fair. Against Cohen’s revised view, Andrew Williams has argued that Cohen’s move underestimates an account of equality under which what individuals choose to do with their equal allocation affects what it is to treat them fairly. Here, I seek to show how the Williams response fails to undermine Cohen’s claims about the relation between fairness and choice. I draw on this analysis to show how the disagreement between Williams and Cohen on this issue illuminates a broader methodological divergence over how to approach questions of justice and fairness.