The devil we know and the angel that did not fly: An examination of devil/angel shift in twitter fracking “debates” in NY 2008–2018

Recent work has applied the Narrative Policy Framework (NPF) to examine narrative strategies in policy debates on social media platforms. We contribute to the literature by applying the NPF to fracking policy debates in New York using well-established Natural Language Processing tools, including sentiment analysis. We combine this computational approach with a qualitative hand-coding of pro- and antifracking Twitter influentials. This approach allows us to consider a much larger corpus of tweets over a much longer time frame than has been done thus far. We adapt and test NPF propositions related to the use of the devil/angel shift strategies before and after a major state-wide policy change, that is, a state-wide moratorium on high volume hydraulic fracturing or fracking. Overall, we find evidence for the use of the devil shift narrative strategy by the pro-fracking coalition aimed at the Governor prior to the moratorium. After the moratorium, the relative percentage of Tweets containing devil shift sentiments decreases as the pro-fracking coalition generally downshifts in its use of angel shift language without a corresponding increase in devil shift language, whereas, conversely, the anti-fracking coalition generally downshifts in its use of devil shift language without a general increase in angel shift language. When we shifted our analysis to Tweets containing fracking and the Governor, we found a similar postban decrease in devil shift language among anti-fracking users. Our findings offer lessons for using computational tools in the NPF as an approach to expand analytic ability and for the operationalization of concepts such as narrative strategies and policy entrepreneurs.     

《弟子规》及其当代价值研究——《弟子规》与当代社会秩序的重构

最近几年,《弟子规》热在全国不断蔓延,不仅很多中小学开始教授这本书,更有不少企业以这本书作为企业管理的重要参照。通观《弟子规》全文,它不仅是一本简单的启蒙读物,其字里行间更蕴含着近代以前中国社会秩序的要求与规范。当今国家大力推动社会建设,《弟子规》能够给予我们的启发很多,进一步分析与阐明《弟子规》文本的价值对其将有更进一层的认识与掌握。     

美国调整对华战略及其影响

小布什入主白宫后，美国新政府便开始调整对华战略，将克林顿时期的对华“接触　＋遏制”战略，改为“遏制＋接触”。其原因是小布什政府看到了对华战略的侧重点发生了　重大变化，其动机是企图达到谋取建立世界政治、军事、经济和文化霸权的目的。美国调　整对华战略，必将对我国的国家安全造成新的威胁，对此，我们应予以正确的评估。     

司马迁生年及相关问题考辨

新发现的《史记正义》佚表明：《博物志》的资料是推考司马迁生年的唯一原始资料，也是司马贞、张守节共同依据的史料。据此推算，司马迁只能是生于武帝建元六年而不可能是景帝中元五年。由此推考，《游侠列传》等五篇赞语中的“太史公”应是司马谈而不是司马迁，这些篇目的写作应自司马谈始。     

The Costs and Benefits of Transferring Technology Infrastructures Underlying Complex Standards: The Case of IPv6

Industry stakeholders and Internet experts generally agree that networks using Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), an Internet communications standard which is being promoted strongly by many parties, would be technically superior to today’s networks, which are largely based on IPv4. The improvements designed for IPv6 could provide numerous benefits to Internet users, network administrators, and applications developers; among these potential benefits are cost reductions due to improved security and increased efficiency, improvements to existing products and services, and innovations leading to new products and services. However, there is wide disagreement about the characteristics and timing of benefits associated with IPv6, and the costs associated with the transition could be substantial. In this paper, we will discuss the likely costs of a transition to IPv6 for the major stakeholders and the potential benefits. Subsequently, we will introduce the cost impact of an accelerated adoption case and discuss potential ways in which the government could become involved in the process. This paper is based on a broader study funded by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). We wish to thank Greg Tassey, Fred Lee, Tim Sloan, B. Keith Fulton, John Streck, and Baran Erkel for comments and suggestions on earlier versions of this paper.     

益化清解方对2型糖尿病大鼠炎性分子网络的影响

[HT5K]目的:观察益化清解方对2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠炎性分子网络调控的影响。方法:复制T2DM大鼠模型,治疗组用益化清解方中药灌胃,并与模型组、二甲双胍组及正常组作对照。分别在给药前和给药第15,30天检测T2DM大鼠的肿瘤坏死因子 α（TNF α）、白介素6(IL 6）、高敏C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）、脂联素(Adiponectin,Adp)、瘦素(leptin）水平,探讨其变化与空腹血糖（FBG）、血清胰岛素（FINS）及胰岛素敏感性指数（ISI）的关系;并检测各组大鼠脂肪组织脂联素及骨骼肌组织脂联素受体R1 Mrna表达水平,探讨Adp、Adp受体与这些因素之间的关系。结果:益化清解方能显著降低T2DM大鼠血糖、血脂、C反应蛋白等水平,并提高胰岛素敏感性,改善糖尿病大鼠的脂肪组织Adp Mrna表达水平。结论:益化清解方对糖、脂双调节的作用可能是通过增加胰岛素敏感性而实现的,其与改善糖尿病大鼠的脂肪组织Adp Mrna表达相关.     

细胞因子(IL-6、TNF-α)在损伤时间中原位杂交法研究

采用原位杂交法，研究大鼠切削皮肤中细胞团子IL－6、TNF－αmRNA表达量，旨在探讨IL－6、TNF－α推断法医损伤时间的应用价值以及其在损伤生活反应中的分子机制。研究结果表明，根据大鼠损伤皮肤中TNF－αmRNA表达量能够区别生前伤与死后伤，并可以利用TNF－αmRNA表达量改变准确区别60min内和60min后损伤时间，但IL－6mRNA表达量在研究组内均未见阳性反应，不能推断损伤时间。     

颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α变化在法医临床鉴定中的意义

目的探讨颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α的水平变化及在法医学的临床意义。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)对颅内出血患者住院后不同时间段血清IL-6、TNF-α水平进行检测,并与正常对照组的健康受试者进行比较分析。结果研究组重型与轻型患者后第1、3、5、7天血清IL-6、TNF-α水平较正常对照组明显增加,重型患者入院第5、7天的血清IL-6、TNF-α较轻型患者明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);根据患者最后结果(死亡组和存活组),发现死亡组随着时间延长,在第5、7天时IL-6、TNF-α水平显著高于存活组(P0.05)。此外,血清IL-6和TNF-α水平呈正性显著相关(r=0.721,P0.05)。结论检测颅内出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α水平对观察其病情变化有重要意义,可作为法医学鉴定的辅助手段。