形式解释论与实质解释论

在构成要件的解释领域有形式解释论与实质解释论之争.形式解释论与实质解释论之争本源上是罪刑法定原则之争.一般而言,形式解释论维护罪刑法定原则的形式侧面,而实质解释论不仅维护罪刑法定原则的形式侧面,也维护罪刑法定原则的实质侧面.相较于形式解释论,实质解释论更注重刑法目的合理性,更能够实现刑罚的妥当性.     

韩国对单位环境犯罪的制裁

环境犯罪与单位之间具有紧密的联系,单位环境犯罪案件造成的危害日益严重,追究单位环境犯罪问题引起了世界各国的高度重视,韩国率先成为发展经济与环保先进国家之一,这其中的原因是多方面的,但完善的环境刑事立法、特别是有关＂环境犯罪控制特别措施法案＂显然起到了积极的作用。＂环控法案＂的突出特点是引入法人刑事责任的双罚制,通过对法人加重刑罚处罚来威慑环境犯罪。     

治安管理处罚证明标准的构建

我国的《治安管理处罚法》未规定治安处罚的证明标准,加之行政诉讼的司法审查标准也不明确,致使公安机关在治安执法中难以正确收集证据对违法事实做出认定,乃至在行政诉讼中屡屡败诉.本文认为,我国的治安处罚应采用"优势证据"标准和"排除合理怀疑"证明标准的分层次标准.     

Rethinking responses to 'domestic violence' in Australian indigenous communities

The United Nations' response to violence against women was to adopt the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women in December, 1993 that recognized indigenous women to be especially vulnerable to violence. Australia's initiatives during the 1990s included criminal justice reform, crisis service provision and community-based mediation programmes that have not proved altogether helpful for indigenous women. Given the intractable nature of violence against indigenous women, this paper holds that community-based programmes cannot work in isolation from criminal justice intervention. An approach to male-to-female violence, that views the criminal justice system not only as a means of punishment, but also as an institution for expressing human rights norms is advocated.     

失信联合惩戒的地方立法实践及反思

作为一种核心机制,失信联合惩戒在社会信用体系的构建中发挥着无法替代的功能,对于营造诚信的社会经济环境意义重大。实证分析显示,囿于全国性法律的暂时缺失,地方立法在先行先试的过程中出现对失信联合惩戒制度本身的规制缺位、失信行为的种类划分标准参差不齐、失信主体的救济措施缺失以及失信联合惩戒体系互异等现实难题。对此,应当以合法原则、后果与行为相当、必要限度以及责任自负为基本遵循,通过明确区分标准,将失信行为分门别类,完善立法设计,建立失信主体救济机制以及加强法律控制,对相关法律文件进行合法性审查,推进社会信用法律出台,构建统一的失信联合惩戒体系等举措,完善社会信用体系建设,助推国家治理法治化进程。     

关于中国刑法学理论体系起点问题的思考

科学、理性的理论体系应当是一种体系性、逻辑性思考的结果。在体系性思考中,思考和选择一个恰当的体系起点,是理论体系科学化和理性化的基础性工作。传统的以社会危害性为起点的理论体系已经不能很好地符合中国法治的发展要求和刑法学体系发展的需要,而以刑罚目的为起点的刑法学体系强调刑法的理性运作和规范性特征,其基本逻辑关系表现为:通过证明刑罚目的的正当性和合理性来证明刑罚的正当性和合理性;通过证明刑罚的正当性和合理性来证明规定犯罪的正当性和合理性。在这个逻辑结构中,刑罚目的的选择是刑法学体系的核心。     

Doing time: A qualitative study of long-term incarceration and the impact of mental illness

Once convicted, the perpetrator of serious crime embarks upon a new journey: the challenge of adjusting to long-term imprisonment. Prisoners' views of incarceration and the meaning of this experience may affect their later adjustment to life in the community. On the basis of brief narrative responses collected during an epidemiological survey of the psychological health of prisoners in France, this study examined the impact of incarceration on psychological state in a group of 59 inmates serving long sentences. Qualitative content analysis and computer-assisted linguistic analysis (using ALCESTE software) were performed on the textual data of open responses to three standard questions. Using a combination of these two approaches, seven categories of the subjective experience of prisoners in the sample were identified: the Outside World, Others, Punishment, Time, Affects and Impulses, Self-Concept, and Speech. Further qualitative analyses were then performed to compare the responses of Severely Mentally Ill (SMI) subjects and subjects with no psychiatric disorder. These analyses revealed contrasting attitudes towards incarceration. SMI subjects spoke in more hostile and persecutory terms about their experience in prison, attributing suffering to external circumstances, while subjects with no psychiatric disorder evoked similar themes, but with an introspective attitude. The themes evoked by mentally ill individuals in our sample suggest that their reactions to the prison environment arise in part from aspects of their psychiatric symptoms, and this may have relevance to future mental health policy and practices in criminal corrections.     

撤销许可证就一定是行政处罚吗?——对一类行政许可行为性质的反思

在行政许可领域中 ,对于一些许可事项 ,法律明确赋予被许可人一定的作为义务 ,这些义务是被许可人取得特定权利、获得特定资格的基础 ,此类许可在性质上属于附法定义务的许可。如果被许可人不依法履行此类法定义务 ,有关行政机关可依法取消赋予其的特定权利或资格 ,终止许可关系 ,这种废止许可的行为不属于行政处罚法所称的“吊销许可证、执照”的调整范围     

黑格尔刑罚学说初探

黑格尔是德国古典哲学的集大成者,著名政治法律思想家,也是刑事古典学派的代表人物之一。他根据自己的自由意志理论,运用所倡导的辩证法,对刑罚的概念、本质和罪刑关系等问题作了比较深入的探讨,形成了具有明显特色的“报应刑”理论