我国诚实信用原则制度体系的构建

要充分发挥诚实信用原则在市场经济活动中的作用,就必须重视诚实信用原则制度体系的构建。在我国,诚实信用原则制度体系的构建既有积极条件,也有消极条件。诚实信用原则制度体系的构建主要包括诚实信用的立法、执法与司法机制,国家公务行为的诚实信用机制,诚实信用的中介服务机制,诚实信用的信息机制,诚实信用的社会监督机制,违反诚实信用原则的处罚机制等。     

比较法概念的批判与重构

比较法的概念问题是比较法所有问题中的原点性、基石性问题。比较法学家在这一问题上形成了五种有代表性的观点,但这些观点都存在着各种各样的内在缺陷。本文提出,比较法是一门研究世界总体法律格局及其变化的学科。这一新的比较法概念和模式,可以为比较法开辟了新的发展方向和理论空间。     

试论我国的社区矫正

社区矫正是社会文明发展到一定历史阶段的必然产物,也是社会不断进步、刑事政策日趋理性化的重要标志,它对于提高罪犯改造质量,预防和减少重新犯罪,促使其顺利回归、适应、融入社会生活等方面具有重大意义。然而,这项具有划时代意义的刑罚制度的改革和创新在我国尚属起步阶段,势必有大量的理论和实践中的问题需要探索和研究。因此,应认真总结试点工作中的经验与不足,学习和借鉴国外的有益经验并结合我国实际,逐步建立起一套具有中国特色、符合现代化行刑理念的社区矫正制度。     

浅谈目前交通事故处理中的困惑和解决思路

道路交通事故是目前越来越引起公众关注的社会问题。许多国家通过制定交通法规来规范交通参与人的行为,保障交通安全。但在实际执法实践中,由于各方面的原因,公安交通管理部门对法规的实施出现了一些困惑。法定保障原则应考虑保障部门的利益问题,进一步完善通行规则和量化过错行为的划分依据,损害赔偿应当建立起赔偿与相应过错行为相对公平的赔偿体系。     

The impact of cuts in legal aid funding of private family law cases

The Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 (LASPO) made deep cuts to legal aid in the UK from April 2013, withdrawing state aid from almost all private family law cases. The paper is based on the findings of a micro-study of solicitors and Citizens Advice Bureaux (CABx) in Kent and London to investigate the impact of LASPO cuts on their work. The findings suggest that: legal aid firms have closed or merged; legal aid work is often partially carried out in solicitors’ own time; ‘unbundled’ services for litigants in person (LIPs) are increasingly common; and family cases are being complicated and extended by the new ubiquity of the LIP. Respondents suggest that litigants may increasingly be ‘giving up’ on pursuing their cases, with clear implications for financial justice and contact with children. Further research is needed into the financial and affective impact of the cuts and the distribution of losses and difficulties between genders. The study, however, suggests the likelihood of post-separation poverty, debt and capital losses increasing in the post-LASPO environment, and that firms and CABx are having to find various methods of dealing with clients abandoned by the state.     

Medical–Legal Partnerships: How Legal Services can Dramatically Improve Health Outcomes,and the Missed Opportunity to Help Women Seeking Abortions

There are significant health disparities in the United States, with low‐income and minority Americans experiencing higher rates of chronic disease and autoimmune disorders. Research has firmly established that social factors ‐ such as malnutrition, limited access to healthcare, and safe housing ‐ play a critical role in these health disparities. Medical‐Legal Partnerships are a relatively new approach to improving the health of people living in poverty by addressing the root causes of these health‐harming social factors. This article discusses the benefits of Medical‐Legal Partnerships and argues for continued expansion of the model, particularly in pediatricians’ offices, because parents are more likely to seek medical care for their children than themselves. This article further discusses how legal constraints prevent federal funding for Medical‐Legal Partnerships in abortion clinics; this creates a missed opportunity to work with women who are seeking abortions, many of whom face considerable social and economic challenges that could be addressed through legal assistance. This article digs into the legal restrictions that create this missed opportunity and proposes potential solutions to better serve the vulnerable population of abortion‐seeking women.     

Reducing Domestic Violence and Improving Outcomes for Children: Funding Civil Legal Aid to Maximize Impact

Domestic violence survivors and children in foster care often experience significant unmet civil legal needs. Legal aid services, when adequately funded, can help close the justice gap for these two populations while improving safety, stability, and court efficiencies. However, despite ample literature demonstrating how legal aid can improve outcomes, almost half of those seeking legal aid services are turned away due to lack of resources. This article reviews the research and data about how legal aid can improve outcomes for people in the domestic violence and child welfare contexts. It also discusses how several state‐administered federal funding opportunities—including the Victims of Crime Act (VOCA) Victim Assistance Formula Grant Program, Title IV‐D child support funds, and Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) basic block grants—can fund the needed civil legal help.     

Understanding Parental Gatekeeping in Families with a Special Needs Child

Supporting the positive development of a special needs child is especially challenging when parents have separated or divorced. Invariably, there is an increased need for collaborative co‐parenting wherein information is shared and intervention plans can be implemented effectively. In this article, the evolving literature on parental gatekeeping is applied to families with special needs children, as it offers a useful model for understanding the strengths and liabilities of co‐parenting relationships. We describe some of the typical and unique gatekeeping dynamics that occur when children suffer from developmental, physical, and/or psychiatric syndromes that require specific treatment and specialized parenting skills. Examples of both restrictive and facilitative gatekeeping are described as they manifest in these families. Implications for decision making are also discussed.     

中国现代物流法制环境建设

本文分析了中国物流业发展及其法制环境的现状,指出中国物流业正处于从传统物流转向现代物流的过渡时期,良好的物流法制环境对于中国物流业的发展具有重要的制度支持与保护作用。在中国物流业法制建设的过程中,政府的作用举足轻重,物流法制环境建设涉及管理体制、基础设施建设、物流服务、市场准入和市场竞争等诸多方面。中国目前应当着手制定《物流业管理条例》,引导我国物流业健康发展。     

Fighting corruption in public procurement in post-communist states: Obstacles and solutions

Anti-corruption efforts in Europe’s post-communist states have been less successful than anticipated. Criticism has been raised against the role of the international community in promoting anti-corruption programmes. Besides, such programmes have been deemed vague and “all-inclusive”. They have largely failed to address local factors “informing” corrupt behaviour in post-communist states, such as (a) negative perceptions of law, and (b) informal practice.‘ I'd be grateful if you could retain the original sentence as it is more precise.