论婚姻家庭领域道德调整与法律调整的关系──兼谈对婚外恋的道德调整和法律调整

婚姻家庭关系的伦理性是道德调整和法律调整的客观基础。社会道德和法律共同规范着婚姻家庭关系。道德调整和法律调整的手段和领域不同。道德调整和法律调整在婚姻家庭关系中某些领域界限明确,可分别调整;但在另一些领域难以明确界定自己的调整范围,道德和法律可从不同层次加以规范。对婚外恋行为,道德和法律可分层调整,以实现道德调整和法律调整的效力。     

试论完善公安新闻发布工作的新思路

公安新闻发布是建立在公民知情权的基础之上,是警务信息公开化的重要形式。在对公安新闻发布工作的意义、指导原则及主要形式进行阐释的基础上,分析、研究我国公安新闻发布工作已取得的成效和存在的问题,进而探寻新形势下我国公安新闻发布工作的新思路,无疑将增进媒体和公众对公安机关的理解,进一步密切警民关系。     

浅议易制毒化学品的法律规制

近年来,化学合成类毒品的出现对传统的毒品构成冲击,其原料的非原生性和生产的便捷性使之异军突起。中国作为易制度化学品的生产大国,面临的形势更为严峻。目前我国规制易制毒化学品的法律法规存在诸多不足,应加强对易制毒化学品行政处罚的法律位阶,不断完善管制的易制毒化学品的种类。     

Biologising Paternity,Moralising Maternity: The Construction of Parenthood in the Determination of Paternity Through the Courts in Portugal

This article explores how the Portuguese legal system’s efforts to determine paternity of children born outside legal marriage, automatically initiated by the Registry Office when a birth registration does not indicate the father, reveal cultural models which reinforce the naturalisation of the differences between mothers and fathers, with significant effects on the social construction of parental roles and on expectations of family organisation and female sexual behaviour. The article relies on ethnographic data drawn from direct observation of court proceedings for the determination of paternity, as well as interviews with judges and prosecuting counsels all over the country. It is argued that judicial practices in the specific context of courtroom investigations of paternity reinforce gender inequalities in two interrelated ways. On the one hand, they are strengthened in the discursive practices performed during the course of the interactions between judges, prosecuting counsels and the mother of the child, as well as the alleged father. On the other hand, the normative model of family life and the dominant ideology of women’s and men’s relationships, which emphasise women’s socially subordinate position, are revealed by the selective use of DNA testing in paternity cases, based on the judge’s evaluation of the mother’s sexual behaviour. The article argues that legal attempts to establish the paternity of children born outside marriage—though based on novel technical and supposedly objective procedures—tend, nevertheless, to reproduce the prevailing patriarchal structures.

Guest workers or unauthorized immigrants? The case of forest workers in the United States

This study examines regional differences in the legal status of forest workers in the Pacific Northwest and Southeastern United States, using United States Department of Labor data and qualitative fieldwork in Alabama and Oregon. The authors find that there are significantly fewer H-2B guest workers on federal lands in Oregon than on privately owned forest plantations in Alabama, and the Southeast more generally. By contrast, numerous workers on federal lands in Oregon are undocumented. This difference may largely be explained by variations in the economies of scale in forest work in the Pacific Northwest (federal lands) and the Southeast (mainly private lands). The study also finds that there is no real difference in the working conditions of undocumented immigrants and guest workers—both groups face labor exploitation. Guest workers in the forest industry, many of whom have no previous work experience or access to social networks in the United States, face extreme isolation at worksites, are beholden to contractors, fear losing their jobs if they complain, and are generally unaware of their basic rights. By contrast, many undocumented forest workers in Oregon belong to established social networks through which they are recruited onto forest labor crews. However, unauthorized workers are also vulnerable to labor exploitation because they fear deportation and are obliged to their kin-employers. Policy recommendations to improve labor conditions and enforce existing labor laws for all forest workers include: better tracking of workers across states to monitor labor abuses, allocating more resources to state labor departments to facilitate worker outreach and worksite inspections, and better communication among land management officials and the Department of Labor.

群体相对剥夺前因及对集群行为的影响——基于汶川地震灾区民众调查的实证研究

相对剥夺指相对于参照群体,现实中人们缺乏某种渴望拥有的东西的状态。当个体将自己所属群体的现状或结果与某一外群体相比,感觉本群体处于一种弱势或不利的地位时即产生群体相对剥夺。本研究通过对都江堰市、绵竹市、什邡市三地309个灾民为期一周的问卷调查,分析探索灾民群体相对剥夺的心理及行为机制。研究发现,个体与群体相对剥夺显著正相关,双重剥夺下的灾民更倾向参与集群行为。对于城镇灾民,正当性和可行性作用于灾民对群体相对剥夺的感知,通过情感的中介影响集群行为;对于农村灾民,正当性、可行性、责任性和群体支持皆是群体相对剥夺认知成分的前因变量,群体认同对情感与集群行为的关系具有调节作用。     

准行政行为研究

准行政行为是行政主体运用职权以观念表示的方式作出的间接产生行政法律效果的行政行为 ,具有行政行为的预备性、中间性及阶段性等特征 ;具体形态包括受理、登记、证明、确认、鉴定、通知、答复及咨询等 ;准行政行为原则上不可诉 ,具有可诉性的例外取决于其具体形态是否对相对人产生实际影响且没有其它救济方式可以利用。     

有关公民知情权的法律制度保障

知情权是现代民主国家公民的一项基本人权。在我国有关保障公民知情权的法律制度已初步建立。但是公民知情权宪法地位尚未明确;知情权法律保障制度还不能形成一个系统而完善的体系,其法律保障效力难以发挥。确立公民宪法和法律上的知情权,制定政府信息公开法是完善公民知情权法律保障制度的重要内容。     

相对贫困治理的理论释义与机制构建

绝对贫困与相对贫困是贫困的两个阶段,一般先解决绝对贫困,再解决相对贫困.随着中国消除绝对贫困取得决定性胜利,扶贫随之进入解决相对贫困阶段.贫困发生理论认为,贫困问题成因复杂,相对贫困长期存在,为此,要制定有针对性的制度措施推动脱贫和防止返贫.有效解决相对贫困,既要遵循理论指导,又要结合中国实际,从调整扶贫战略、界定扶贫...     

论法律的审美价值

一般地,法的价值被认为包括自由、秩序、正义、效率、安全、平等、人权、以及人的自由发展等。但随着人们对法律认识的深入和视野的拓展,我们认为法的价值除了上述价值外还有一种重要的价值,即：审美价值。审美价值是社会主体对美的普遍追求倾向在法律中的体现。审美价值根源于人的本性需要。研究法律的审美价值对立法、执法、司法以及法律本身的完善都有重要的意义。