重建和发展马克思经济学的研究思维——从本质到现象的研究路线是如何消逝的？

马克思在经济分析中实际上使用的是从本质到现象的研究路线,这种研究路线与社会经济现象这一研究对象相适应;不幸的是,这种研究路线在古典主义后期还没有发展成熟就逐渐蜕化了,以致现代主流经济学的研究方法与研究内容之间存在着严重脱节。究其原因主要有四：一是经济学者的知识素养日益狭隘而使得本质研究被抛弃;二是经济学纯理论化的努力而日益抽象化;三是马克思具体观点的教条化理解和发展窒息了该研究路线的蜕化;四是经济学研究对象从公共领域转向了私人领域而导致社会关怀的丧失。     

基于PGIS平台的禁毒侦察情报指挥系统软件开发研究

禁毒侦察情报指挥系统基于云南省警用地理信息系统开发搭建,是一套从信息化的整体、全局和发展的角度出发,全方面的规划、设计、构建、集成、部署、运行、维护和管理等,提供高可用性、高合理性的体系架构,真正实现"用户主控,随需而变,全局规划,整体集成"的信息化战略.     

培育中药产业的国际竞争力

中医中药是中华民族的文化瑰宝,是数千年来中国人民防病、治病经验的结晶。随着中国加入WTO和中医药整体竞争优势的增强,一些国家对中医药的认识不断提高;同时,天然药物市场的壮大及其对中药类产品的接纳,我国中药产业的发展面临良好的机遇,但也面临着多方面的挑战。立足于中药行业的发展环境,着眼于中药行业的发展现状,剖析中药在国际市场竞争中存在的问题,并从建立中药现代研究开发体系,形成科技先导型中药产业,提高产业集中度和拓展中医药进入国际医药市场的渠道四个方面提出对策。     

学习力概念及其研究范畴的牛顿力学思考

目前国内学者对于学习力的概念定义尚不甚周延,从而影响其研究范畴的清晰程度,进而影响对其研究的进一步深入。本文试图通过对力的物理回归,为学习力寻找较为严谨的概念,并对此作出力学分析和社会学解释,从而给出较为清晰研究范畴,为今后深入研究提出一条路径。     

高校青年机关干部担任兼职辅导员制度刍议

兼职辅导员是辅导员队伍中不可或缺的重要组成部分。在当前形势下,按照＂专职为主、专兼结合、优势互补＂的原则,从高校机关青年干部中吸收优秀人才充实辅导员队伍,对加强高校大学生思想政治教育、引导大学生全面发展、维护高校和社会稳定等方面,发挥着重要作用。     

Law enforcement access to personal data originally collected by private parties: Missing data subjects' safeguards in directive 2016/680?

Access by law enforcement authorities to personal data initially collected by private parties for commercial or operational purposes is very common, as shown by the transparency reports of new technology companies on law enforcement requests. From a data protection perspective, the scenario of law enforcement access is not necessarily well taken into account. The adoption of the new data protection framework offers the opportunity to assess whether the new ‘police’ Directive, which regulates the processing of personal data for law enforcement purposes, offers sufficient safeguards to individuals. To make this assessment, provisions contained in Directive 2016/680 are tested against the standards established by the ECJ in Digital Rights Ireland and Tele2 Sverige on the retention of data and their further access and use by police authorities. The analysis reveals that Directive 2016/680 does not contain the safeguards identified in the case law. The paper further assesses the role and efficiency of the principle of purpose limitation as a safeguard against repurposing in a law enforcement context. Last, solutions to overcome the shortcomings of Directive 2016/680 are examined in conclusion.     

Editor's Note

An evaluation approach that is collaborative and elicitive may well serve as a catalyst for transforming relationships of power, standing in stark contrast to more conventional and staid evaluation practices that are technical in nature and actuarial in intent. Election of an orientation is the most decisive and strategic choice that is made in approaching evaluation and articulating value imperatives in fieldwork, coloring as it surely does the pragmatic stages of evaluation and good practice for the peacebuilder.     

African research and development surveys: Highlights from the South African success story

ABSTRACT

Science and technology have a major role to play in current and future developments on the African continent as a whole. With the vast array of developmental challenges, current thinking needs to be expanded, so that technologies provide increased and enhanced solutions, such that African scientists produce an African response to the very many shared challenges affecting Africa – both as individual nations and as regards African people collectively. Key to developing an integrated science and technology network, within and across nations, is firstly to understand the extent of research and development (R&D) currently undertaken within individual territories and on the continent as a whole. In light of this, the article examines the value and importance of national surveys of research and experimental development undertaken in Africa. Within the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC), many member states now have dedicated departments overseeing state science and technology (S&T) development initiatives. South Africa has the most developed science and technology system on the continent. In recent years, other SADC countries like Mozambique, Botswana and Namibia have initiated projects to measure R&D activities within their territories. Despite this, further North, R&D measurement on the continent is uncommon, both as a result and as a cause of underdevelopment.

The article explores the limited data from selected African R&D surveys in an attempt to understand measurement issues that exist and to detail the value and importance of mapping S&T systems and their applications to developmental issues in Africa. In countries like Algeria, Angola, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Uganda and Zambia, where S&T systems exist, effective means of measurement need to be established, so that the power of these systems can be harnessed, shared and exploited to benefit the African people. To this end, the African Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators (ASTII) initiative was set up at a meeting in Addis Ababa with the aim of delivering a survey of these countries’ R&D output and potential. This is eagerly awaited by the African S&T community.

At the forefront of African R&D measurement is the South African national R&D survey, administered by the Human Sciences Research Council (HSRC). Being an established survey, the South African team is often called upon by other African nations to support the setting up of surveys. The HSRC also trains visiting African scientists in the delivery of accurate and reliable R&D survey data. This article will, for the first time, present detailed results of the most recent South African national R&D survey (2008/2009), together with a trend analysis of historic South African R&D surveys.     

三十年来近代福建经济史研究述略

三十年来史学界围绕着近代福建经济诸方面课题展开了研究,取得了丰硕的研究成果,内容涉及近代福建农业、手工业、商业与对外贸易、工业、人口、移民、华侨投资、城市与腹地、土地制度、赋税、金融货币等诸多领域。本文对三十年来近代福建经济史的研究成果进行综述,并指出近代福建经济史的研究在广度、深度方面仍亟待拓展。