刑法解释的正义性追问

刑法解释作为联结刑事立法和刑法适用的桥梁和纽带,是揭示作为法理念的正义的重要途径。作为法律的评价体系和评价标准,正义内生于法律文本之中,而外现于法律解释之外。刑法解释的正义化要求做到:为符合解释的实质性正义,刑法解释应以理性的、客观的、公正的视角去看待并观照刑法,以达人性化和谦抑性的要求;为符合解释的形式性正义,刑法解释应满足刑法文本字义的最大射程,并在字义不能自足时,以历史和社会的眼光遵从解释的程序性原则规定;为最大化地实现刑法解释实质正义和形式正义的统一,解释者亦应维护刑法的安定与理想,促成刑法正义的实现。     

刑罚本质的哲学思考

刑罚的本质是决定刑罚之所以为刑罚的内在规定性,是刑罚内部诸要素相互作用的所产生的有机联系,本质是一个综合性的系统,它有层级划分。这是刑罚本质的综合性所决定的,也是运用哲学的方法对刑罚本质进行思考所得出的结论。     

受贿罪法定刑之评析与探讨

1997年刑法对受贿罪的法定刑规定进行了修改 ,但在刑罚种类、内容、犯罪数额、犯罪情节等方面仍有诸多不足。只有通过立法对刑罚种类的增补和限制、对各种影响法定刑的综合情节进行定位 ,才能更有利于打击犯罪。     

论我国刑法中刑事被害人保护的缺失——兼及检察机关公诉权与刑事被害人保护的利害冲突

刑事被害人在犯罪行为结构中的重要地位表明,刑事被害人在刑事立法和司法中应当得到与其所遭受的犯罪侵害相适应的刑法保护。但是,由于扭曲的犯罪观和群体主义本位价值观的制约,以检察机关的公诉权为代表的公众利益却侵蚀了刑法对刑事被害人的保护。     

The stability of punishment: A follow-up of Blumstein's hypothesis

Because of the intrinsic relativity of social tolerance toward crime, the rate of punishment that a given society inflicts on its criminals is expected to remain relatively constant over the long term, in spite of social changes and increasing or decreasing crime rates. This paper reconstructs the penal behavior of Montreal's criminal justice from 1845 to 1913 and finds that the stability hypothesis, all things considered, works quite well and has much heuristic value. Three problems, somewhat bypassed in the existing literature, are dealt with here: the reliability of penal statistical time series, the direct empirical evidence of stabilization processes, and a rather crude way of measuring prison punishment. It is suggested, furthermore, that the stability hypothesis include in its future argument the impact of increasing policing and that it be confined tentatively to modern western societies.     

Factors that influence death penalty support among university students in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) became an independent nation state in 1992 and abolished the death penalty six years later. Little is known about how Bosnians view the death penalty. This study addresses this gap in the literature. Utilizing self-reported survey data collected from 440 university students enrolled at the University of Sarajevo in 2009, we assess the degree of support for the death penalty and what factors predict this support among university students in BiH. Drawing from the broader punitivity literature, the following correlates are considered: individual characteristics (e.g. age and sex), individual experiences (e.g. fear of crime and prior victimization) and philosophical attitudes pertaining to punishment (e.g. deterrence, retribution, modernity and indifference). Among the students surveyed, roughly half (52.7%) were in support of the death penalty. Results from a series of multivariate statistical analyses reveals that only philosophical attitudes predict death penalty support after controlling for important individual characteristics and experiences. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.     

The Chimera of Proportionality: Institutionalising Limits on Punishment in Contemporary Social and Political Systems

The concept of proportionality has been central to the retributive revival in penal theory, and underlies desert theory's normative and practical commitment to limiting punishment. Theories of punishment combining desert‐based and consequentialist considerations also appeal to proportionality as a limiting condition. In this paper we argue that these claims are founded on an exaggerated idea of what proportionality can offer, and in particular fail properly to consider the institutional conditions needed to foster robust limits on the state's power to punish. The idea that appeals to proportionality as an abstract ideal can help to limit punishment is, we argue, a chimera: what has been thought of as proportionality is not a naturally existing relationship, but a product of political and social construction, cultural meaning‐making, and institution‐building. Drawing on evolutionary psychology and comparative political economy, we argue that philosophers and social scientists need to work together to understand how the appeal of the idea of proportionality can best be realised through substantive institutional frameworks under particular conditions.     

对检察机关办理未成年人犯罪案件司法实践的分析和思考

未成年人犯罪逐年增长和犯罪低龄化是当前严重危害社会治安的一个突出问题,预防和减少未成年人犯罪已引起世界各国的重视。对未成年人犯罪案件的执法理念、审理方式、处罚方式和量刑幅度直接关系到他们将来的前途和命运,也是一直以来包括检察机关在内的司法机关不断在探索的方向,应该慎之又慎。从检察实践者的视角,以体现人性关怀和司法进步为理念,对检察机关在办理未成年人犯罪案件过程中应该如何贯彻宽严相济的刑事司法政策、采取怎样的审查起诉方式办案、检察机关如何参与建立预防和减少未成年人犯罪社会化体系三个方面,进行分析和阐述,以期对办理未成年人犯罪案件的司法实践有所裨益。     

刑事政策视野下我国暂缓起诉制度之构建

暂缓起诉制度具有深厚的法理基础和重要的价值意蕴,虽然学界对我国是否应当建立暂缓起诉制度存在争论,但权衡利弊,我们认为,在我国建立暂缓起诉制度是很有必要的。     

论轻刑化在我国的实现

轻刑化,指对于已经确定为犯罪的行为,如果以较轻的刑事责任方式足以抑止和预防某种犯罪行为,就不要使用较重的刑事责任方式。轻刑化是刑法谦抑性的应有内涵、是保护人权的需要、是罪责刑相适应原则的要求、是实现刑罚目的的需要。轻刑化是一个相对的概念,轻刑化的适用要以犯罪行为的存在为前提。同时,轻刑化需要从立法、司法等多个方面来实现。