论骗取出口退税罪的认定及其处理

骗取出口退税犯罪是伴随着我国出口退税制度的建立而产生的一种涉税犯罪.为惩治犯罪和正确适用法律,应明确骗取出口退税罪的构成要件,以正确认定与其他犯罪的区别.     

对行政程序说明理由制度的几点认识

行政程序说明理由制度应作为行政程序法的基本制度列入其中,说明理由制度和告知、听证两种相关程序制度的差别需要厘清,现行《行政处罚法》中说明理由制度相关条款存在瑕疵,未来我国行政程序法典中说明理由制度相关条款可以“试拟稿框架”为基础拟定。     

组织男性从事同性性交易行为之定性研究——对李宁案的分析

刑法解释是刑法适用的一个重要方面。李宁组织卖淫案审理过程中对于刑法规范用语"卖淫"一词界定解释的争议,引起了社会的广泛关注,更引起刑法学者对于在罪刑法定原则下刑法解释限度问题的深入思考。刑法解释的基本立场存在着主观解释论与客观解释论的分歧。刑法解释应当坚持罪刑法定原则,既不能僭越刑事立法权,又不能拘泥于立法原意,而应在立法意蕴所允许的范围内,使刑法解释起到阐明立法精神、补救立法不足的功效。     

论相对不起诉的适用条件

通过对刑事诉讼法第142条第二款相对不起诉的适用条件进行分析,可以发现作为相对不起诉法定条件之一的“依照刑法规定不需要判处刑罚”,实际在刑法中并不存在,而且容易造成司法机关对适用此条的分歧,建议立法机关在修改刑事诉讼法时删除。     

我国经济犯罪刑罚方法的完善

在现代社会,经济犯罪随着经济的发展,呈现迅猛发展的态势,其类型越来越复杂,手段越来越专业,规模越来越庞大,危害也越来越严重。现行刑法在经济犯罪刑罚刑种的设置上存在很大不足,不适应对经济犯罪的预防和打击。我国应在刑事实体法上加强对经济犯罪的处罚和惩戒,完善经济犯罪的刑罚方法。     

论刑法上的"从重处罚"

从重处罚必须具有从重处罚的情节.从重处罚情节包括犯罪情节与非犯罪情节.将非犯罪情节作为从重处罚的根据是法律明文规定的.非犯罪情节中,只有法定从重处罚情节、不存在酌定从重处罚情节.对"坦白从宽,抗拒从严"的刑事政策,应有一个法治时代的新认识;"抗拒从严"不能简单地理解为抗拒从重.<刑法>对首要分子、主犯的处罚仍然体现了"从重处罚"的精神,但与1979年<刑法>相比较,表现为一种"隐性从重".     

People We Hire as Executioners: Who Are They? Who Are We?

Christopher Bennett has introduced a new inquiry into the capital punishment debate by looking at whether the role of executioner is one in which it is possible and proper to take pride. He argues that this will depend on the kind of justifications that an executioner can offer in defense of his role and takes as an example the English executioner Albert Pierrepoint as portrayed in the film Pierrepoint: The Last Hangman. Bennett claims that none of the justifications available to Pierrepoint are adequate, that his pride in his role was unjustified, and that this gives us reason to doubt those justifications for capital punishment. I am unpersuaded by Bennett’s arguments and give reasons for thinking that the role of executioner can under certain circumstances be an honorable vocation in which one may legitimately take pride.     

Suicide on Death Row

Despite the level of supervision of inmates on death row, their suicide rate is higher than both the male prison population in the United States and the population of males over the age of 14 in free society. This study presents suicide data for death row inmates from 1978 through 2010. For the years 1978 through 2010, suicide rates on death row were higher than that for the general population of males over the age of 15 and for state prisons for all but 2 years.     

A conceptual kaleidoscope: contemplating ‘dynamic structural risk’ and an uncoupling of risk from need

ABSTRACT

Recent calls for ‘evidence-based’ approaches have firmly positioned risk assessment as a promising path towards more efficient, unbiased, and empirically based offender management, in custody and in the community. Simultaneously, sociological and critical legal scholars have questioned the focus on individual needs at the expense of wider structural factors’. I will demonstrate the need to reconceptualise risk/need logics and the use of ‘evidence’. I will argue that various criminal justice processes are themselves dynamic criminogenic risks that produce systemic conditions for recidivism and which, if modified, could make a measurable difference in recidivism and other correctional efficiencies. Finally, I will argue that the logic of dynamic risk is transferable to an analysis of socio-structural factors, and that this characterisation can alter the framing of penal subjects, governmental responsibilities, and potentially interrupt the systemically produced criminogenic pathways that perpetuate criminal involvement and marginalisation.     

Stirring up virtual punishment: a case of citizen journalism,authenticity and shaming

Film clips and still pictures captured by civilians are increasingly used as evidence to prove specific accounts of events. This kind of visual data are not without problems, however. The aim of this paper was to analyse how viewers perceived a citizen journalistic mobile phone film clip as naturalistic data, enabling processes of shaming and eventually a ‘justice’ process on the Internet, including virtual punishment of the person filmed by the citizen journalist. In the clip, a taxi driver records video of an agitated female customer whom he hinders from leaving the taxi. The film is then distributed on YouTube, where it attracts remarkable negative attention. However, the citizen journalist’s film clip is only one of several possible accounts of the filmed incident, as demonstrated by the police crime report about the incident as an alternative account showing that viewers cannot rely on the citizen journalistic film clip as objective, naturalistic data.