台湾外省第二代家族书写研究

近年,台湾的认同问题越发引起关注。面对父辈的衰弱与消亡,外省第二代作家张大春、骆以军、陈玉慧等纷纷介入家族小说的创作,企图以文字为"我族"保存记忆与建构认同。他们有着相似的关怀与焦虑,但外省族群内部并非铁板一块。本文旨在厘清外省第二代作家近期小说中的家国想象与族群建构,同时论述空间地景与文化记忆所彰显的多音交叠的差异性认同取向。     

内地西藏班(校)学生的跨文化适应

跨文化适应是指身处异文化环境中的个体或群体有意识、有倾向地调整自己的心理活动和行为方式,以便更好地融入异文化的过程,分为社会文化适应和心理适应两个维度。前者以学习适应、生活适应和交往适应为标志;后者以主观幸福感和心理健康为指标,内地西藏班(校)学生的跨文化适应状况是喜少忧多,在诸多方面适应不良。造成这种状况的根源是文化中断。从外部加强社会支持、缩短文化距离,消除歧视与偏见;从内部确立合理的评价与应对方式,增加与文化相关的知识技能,是应对跨文化适应不良的有效措施。     

Infrared Spectra of U.S. Automobile Original Finishes (1998–2000). IX. Identification of Bismuth Oxychloride and Silver/White Mica Pearlescent Pigments Using Extended Range FT‐IR Spectroscopy,XRF Spectrometry,and SEM/EDS Analysis

Bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) was the first viable synthetic pearl pigment developed 50 years ago. It was only used for a limited time period in automotive paint (model years 1998–2000), serving to produce luster for a single Chrysler black metallic color. Identification of this pigment in an unknown automotive paint can thus facilitate determination of the vehicle of origin. Bismuth oxychloride imparts effects similar to those produced by silver/white mica pearlescent pigments, and such a pigment was used together with bismuth oxychloride in at least one original equipment manufacturer (OEM) basecoat. Silver/white micas are now used primarily in white pearl tricoat systems. This article describes the identification of bismuth oxychloride and silver/white mica pearlescent pigments in automotive finishes using FT‐IR spectroscopy, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, and SEM/EDS analysis. Data for some cadmium pigments, which were used in automotive paint several decades ago, are also presented as they produce infrared absorptions similar to that of bismuth oxychloride.     

Attention‐Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Young French Male Prisoners

While forensic studies have reported higher than community rates of mental disorders in imprisoned populations, few studies have focused on attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in these subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate ADHD prevalence among young French male prisoners. A specific diagnostic interview (Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM‐IV, CAADID) was used. Correlations between ADHD, subsyndromal ADHD, and criminal features were investigated. 11% of young male prisoners among 93 male subjects aged 18–35 years met the criteria for actual ADHD, and 17% met those for childhood ADHD. Considering ADHD and subsyndromal ADHD, prevalence was about 43% in adulthood. ADHD and subsyndromal ADHD in adulthood were significantly associated with a higher number of imprisonments and a younger age at first arrest. It could be advisable to better identify subjects with ADHD symptoms among prison populations.     

中介素（IMD）对大鼠心肌细胞缺氧-复氧损伤的作用

目的探讨中介素（IMD）对大鼠体外培养心肌细胞缺氧-复氧损伤的作用。方法用大鼠H9c2心肌细胞株制作实验模型,样本分为对照组、缺氧-复氧组（缺氧1h、复氧30min）、IMD组（缺氧-复氧前30min加入10-7mol/L IMD）。采用MTT比色法检测心肌细胞活力;透射电镜观察细胞超微结构;激光共聚焦显微镜观察并测定细胞内钙离子浓度;流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡率。结果与对照组比较,缺氧-复氧组和IMD组细胞存活率显著降低,而IMD处理组明显升高细胞存活率（P〈0.01）;在形态学上,IMD预处理可明显减轻缺氧-复氧对大鼠心肌细胞的损伤;缺氧-复氧组细胞[Ca2＋]i荧光强度和细胞凋亡率比对照组显著升高,IMD预处理可明显降低上述升高的比率（P〈0.01）。结论 IMD对大鼠心肌细胞缺氧-复氧损伤有一定保护作用,提高心肌细胞存活率、减轻心肌细胞钙超载和抑制凋亡是其作用途径。     

SPE-GC／MS检测生物样品中利多卡因、罗哌卡因、布比卡因

目的建立生物样品中利多卡因、罗哌卡因、布比卡因的固相萃取提取方法和气质检测方法。方法采用Oasis HLB固相萃取柱,以GC／MS定性定量。结果生物样品中利多卡因、罗哌卡因、布比卡因平均萃取回收率达74％以上,检测限0．01μg／mL,线性关系良好,相关系数R2=0．9900以上。结论方法操作简便快速,萃取回收率高,重现性好,可用于实际案件。     

A 21‐Locus Autosomal SNP Multiplex and its Application in Forensic Science

To develop a cost‐effective technique for single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and improve the efficiency to analyze degraded DNA, we have established a novel multiplex system including 21‐locus autosomal SNPs and amelogenin locus, which was based on allele‐specific amplification (ASA) and universal reporter primers (URP). The target amplicons for each of the 21 SNPs arranged from 63 base pair (bp) to 192 bp. The system was tested in 539 samples from three ethnic groups (Han, Mongolian, and Zhuang population) in China, and the total power of discrimination (TPD) and cumulative probability of exclusion (CPE) were more than 0.99999999 and 0.98, respectively. The system was further validated with forensic samples and full profiles could be achieved from degraded DNA and 63 case‐type samples. In summary, the multiplex system offers an effective technique for individual identification of forensic samples and is much more efficient in the analysis of degraded DNA compared with standard STR typing.     

美国国家安全委员会变迁探析

美国建立了世界上第一个国家安全委员会,历经67年世势风云的洗礼,美国国家安全委员会已成为美国处理所有国际事务的中心,作为美国国家安全事务的咨询与协调机构,它在美国国家安全决策过程乃至世界外交局势的演变中都持续发挥着重要的影响力。历经各任领导者对其地位与角色的不同定位,美国国家安全委员会的职能、制度、运行及决策程序在不断修改与调整中走向稳定与成熟。其机构和人员的设置既审时度势、灵活多样、顺应时代变化,又逐渐探索确立了富有特色的部际协调机制,将各法定成员、法定顾问、国家安全事务助理以及非法定成员有效地组织起来,通过形式各异的正式程序、非正式程序以及秘密程序的分析、评估与协调会议,为总统的国家安全事务决策提供必不可少的支持。美国国家安全委员会变迁与改革的每一步都伴随着法律及行政法令的颁行与修订,授权与监督,体现了法制先行的特点。美国国家安全委员会戏剧性的发展历程中积累的经验与教训,为中国建立不久的中央国家安全委员会提供了借鉴。     

Asia-Pacific news

This column provides a country by country analysis of the latest legal developments, cases and issues relevant to the IT, media and telecommunications' industries in key jurisdictions across the Asia Pacific region. The articles appearing in this column are intended to serve as ‘alerts’ and are not submitted as detailed analyses of cases or legal developments.