口蹄疫病毒多基因片段的克隆及其杆状病毒表达载体的构建

根据定点突变原理获得了包含口蹄疫病毒P1、2A、3C、3D及部分 2B编码区的目的基因片段 ,经SpeⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切后 ,与经相同方法处理的杆状病毒转移载体 pFastBacHT连接 ,得到了重组质粒 pFB P12X3C3D。经酶切和测序鉴定后 ,将其转化入含穿梭载体Bacmid的感受态细胞DH10Bac ,经抗性及蓝白斑筛选 ,得到了含P12X3C3D多基因的重组穿梭载体 ,将其命名为Bacmid P12X3C3D ;提取其DNA并转染Sf9昆虫细胞 ,最后获得含口蹄疫病毒P12X3C3D多基因的重组杆状病毒。     

Community-based forensic child and adolescent mental health services in England,Scotland and Wales: a national mapping exercise

Aim: We sought to ascertain the current nature of specialist community mental health provision for young people presenting with risk of harm to others or involvement with the youth justice system in England, Wales and Scotland. Methods: Questionnaire-based survey. Results: Fifty-five services were contacted, 48 responded and 35 of these were found to be providing some form of community mental health provision to high-risk young people. Thirteen services provided comprehensive community forensic child and adolescent mental health (FCAMH) services, whilst the remainder offered more ad hoc clinical input. Amongst the comprehensive FCAMH services, staffing, function, commissioning arrangements and population served varied widely. Conclusions: There is patchy geographical provision of comprehensive community FCAMH services across England, Scotland and Wales with heterogeneous commissioning arrangements, staffing and function. Development of a national commissioning strategy for community FCAMH services is required to ensure that the complex needs of high-risk young people are adequately addressed.     

Female serial killers in the United States: means,motives, and makings

Most studies that have focused on female serial killers (FSKs), although informative, have examined limited sample sizes. We consulted mass media reports of demographics, motives, methods, mental health, and victim characteristics of 64 FSKs who committed their crimes in the US from 1821 to 2008. Consistent with other studies, our data showed that FSKs were typically White, educated, have been married, and held a caregiving role (e.g. mother, health care worker). Nearly 40% of FSKs in this sample experienced some form of mental illness. Their most common motive for murder was financial gain, and their most common method of killing was poisoning. FSKs knew all or most of their victims, and most were related to their victims. In all cases, FSKs targeted at least one victim who was a child, elderly, or infirm – those who had little chance of fighting back. We interpret these killers’ behaviors from clinical and evolutionary angles.     

Recidivist criminal behaviour and executive functions: a comparative study

This study sought to analyse the relation between executive functions and criminal recidivism. We assessed a set of cognitive abilities associated with executive functioning in a group of recidivist offenders (n = 19), primary offenders (n = 25) and non-offenders (n = 30). Our results, tested with nonparametric statistics and Monte Carlo method, revealed that there were no executive differences between both groups of offenders but, when compared with non-offenders, the recidivists showed a worse performance in Trail Making Test part B, and the primary offenders presented a significant lower score on Porteus Maze Test Age score. This study suggests that there can be a different pattern of executive functioning deficits associated with the offenders’ criminal record: recidivism may be more related to mental flexibility impairments and primary offenders’ antisocial behaviour may be aggravated by planning deficits.     

POLICE RESPONSE TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: SITUATIONS INVOLVING VETERANS EXHIBITING SIGNS OF MENTAL ILLNESS*

Drawing on attribution theory, research on police discretion, and public attitudes toward mental illness, we examine attributional processes in police decision making in response to domestic violence situations involving veterans and nonveterans with signs of mental illness. Using data from experimental vignettes varying veteran status, victim injury, and suspect compliance administered to a sample of 309 police officers, the results indicate that 1) veterans are perceived as less responsible for troublesome behavior but more dangerous than nonveterans, 2) suspects’ veteran status has a significant effect on officers’ preference for mental health treatment versus arrest, and 3) part of the effect of veteran status on officer response is mediated by internal and external attributions for problematic behavior and by perceptions of dangerousness. The study empirically demonstrates countervailing processes in police decision making—recognition of the causes for troublesome behavior and the need for mental health treatment on the one hand and concern for community safety and enforcing the law on the other.     

公安院校学生心理健康教育的思考

高校学生的心理健康教育已愈来愈被社会重视,公安院校的学生由于日后所从事的职业的特殊性,要求我们公安院校在对学生进行素质教育,提高学生政治素质、文化素质、专业素质、体能和技能素质教育的同时,必须加强对学生的心理健康教育,以增强学生承受挫折、适应环境的能力,从而提高学生的心理素质。     

马立克氏病病毒gB基因的克隆及重组鸡痘病毒的构建

通过PCR方法扩增了马立克氏病病毒 (MDV) 2 .8kbgB基因 ,并且在其两端加上PstⅠ和NotⅠ酶切位点。然后用PstⅠ /NotⅠ酶切回收 gB片段 ,插入到转移载体 pEFgpt12s复合启动子Spromoter的下游的PstⅠ /NotⅠ酶切位点处 ,构建了转移质粒pEFgpt12s gB。将该质粒与鸡痘病毒 (FPV)野毒 2 82E4株共转染鸡胚成纤维细胞 (CEF) ,通过MXHAT选择培养基进行筛选 ,蚀斑纯化 ,经PCR扩增证实重组病毒中含有 gB基因。重组病毒和FPV野毒在CEF上形成空斑大小无明显差别 ,病毒效价分别为 10 -5.43 TCID50 /mL和 10 -6TCID50 /mL ,表明外源基因的插入不影响所构建的重组病毒的生物学特性     

高浓度口蹄疫病毒抗原的稀释试验

用预备试验初选的 4种稀释剂a、b、c、d ,对经浓缩培养法繁殖的牛、猪O型口蹄疫病毒进行稀释 ,使其与普通毒 (对照 )浓度相当。然后将其与普通毒一起在不同温度下放置不同时间后 ,测定TCID50 ,并对测定结果进行方差分析和多重比较。结果显示 ,4种稀释剂稀释的病毒TCID50 存在显著差异 ;a和b稀释的病毒TCID50 之间无显著差异 ,但均显著高于c和d稀释的病毒TCID50 ;a和b稀释的病毒与普通对照毒的TCID50 也无显著差异。表明 ,a和b均可用于稀释口蹄疫病毒抗原 ,考虑到成本 ,宜选用b。     

略论大学生择业应具备的心理品质

大学生在双向选择的就业过程中,保持良好的心理状态,确立合理的就业目标,承认客观现实,主动适应社会,克服各种心理障碍,在挫折面前自强不息,以积极向上的心态进取不止,就会在择业的道路上实现自己理想的就业目标.     

农村留守儿童的心理健康:一个生态学的视角

农村留守儿童的心理健康是人们关注农民工问题的一个视角。性格缺陷与行为偏差、人生观与价值观偏移等是留守儿童常见的心理健康问题。社会工作生态学理论强调“环境中的人”的理念,其中的“社会环境”、“事件与能量”、“适应与应对”、“互相依赖”等理论视角对留守儿童心理健康问题产生的原因提供了解释。同时,以生态学理论为依据,社会工作在应对问题的策略选择上,也更注重学校、社区、社会政策等环境因素的不断改善以适应留守儿童健康成长的需要。