西南少数民族人祖神话透析

灾后遗留人种繁衍人类的神话,世界范围内均有发现,而尤以中国西南地区最为集中。学者们研究此类神话时使用了洪水神话、人类起源神话、兄妹婚神话、人祖神话、创世神话等众多不同的概念。对比来看,人祖神话在概括此类神话的主题,以及统领神话对应的信仰方面,更为妥当。需要指出的是,学界使用人祖神话进行研究成果不多,且较少对这一概念进行严格的内涵限定,导致其与"人类起源神话"这一涵盖更广的概念等同使用。事实上,人祖神话是人类起源神话的一种独特类型,是讲述大灾难后遗留的人种重新繁衍人类并被奉为人祖的神话。以人为祖这一突出特征使人祖神话区别于其它类型的人类起源神话。     

Studies of immigrant crime in Denmark

ABSTRACT

Do the results of research on the relationship between crime and immigration status differ depending on the type of data examined? This question is posed and answered affirmatively in a paper based on a systematic review of ten Danish studies published between 2008 and 2017. The current review is motivated by the seemingly widespread perception that immigrants/descendants are at greater risk for committing crime than others even after adjusting for systematic differences between these groups. Using five criteria of relevance, a systematic search resulted in the identification of ten pertinent studies. The ten studies are reviewed in the current paper and form the basis of the conclusion that research results differ markedly depending on the type of data examined. This implies that public perceptions about crime and immigration status may rest on shaky ground. Five potential explanations are suggested to explain the inconsistencies found in the studies reviewed. Finally, five recommendations for future research are suggested in order move research forward.     

新时代中国青年历史使命的理论内涵与实践指向

近代以来，在救亡图存和民族解放的历史进程中，中国青年勇于担负起历史使命，在马克思主义落地生根和新中国成立的历史画卷上留下了浓墨重彩、青春活泼的一笔。继承着前人所托付的历史重任，承载着中国人民追求美好生活和社会主义现代化强国的理想，新时代中国青年正在成为中国特色社会主义实践中不可忽视的力量。在前所未有的良好物质条件和制度优势下，只有通过“树立远大理想”“勇于砥砺奋斗”“炼就过硬本领”，才能实现理想性和现实性的统一；只有通过“热爱伟大祖国”“担当时代责任”“锤炼品德修为”，才能实现个人价值和社会价值的统一。党的十八大以来，随着我国针对青年的培养机制的不断完善，在社会主义核心价值体系的引领下，新时代中国青年已经开始展现出爱国、立志、勤学、修德、创新、笃实的实践理路，这必将推动当代青年逐渐成长为既能够坚持理想、不忘初心，又能够与时俱进、善于创新的新时代弄潮儿。     

文化空间概念下少数民族体育文化的可持续发展

文化空间是传统文化得以产生、存活与传承的时空场域,也称为文化场所。而少数民族体育文化是少数民族精神与其核心价值观的象征,是一个完整而包容的整体,具有多样性、稳定性、活态性、差异性等特征。本文基于文化空间概念,对少数民族体育文化可持续发展进行了研究。认为重新建立少数民族体育的文化适应性,应重视对民间体育节事文化空间的研究和保护,才能拓展少数民族体育文化的传播空间,并促进少数民族体育文化活态传承和可持续发展,解决开发与保护中所遇到的现实问题。     

The color of confinement: examining youth exoneration decisions and the critical race theory

Abstract

The critical race theory has been predictive of how minority youth are treated in the juvenile and criminal justice systems in the United States. However, the theory has not been applied in explaining the existence of wrongful convictions among juveniles. Using secondary data derived from the National Exoneration Registry, the purpose of this study is to identify specific factors (e.g., DNA evidence, etc.) related to the wrongful convictions of Black youth who have been exonerated. Compared to other racial categories, the results reveal that Black youth are more likely to experience wrongful convictions as a result of false confessions, faulty eyewitness identification, perjury, and official misconduct. Limitations, policy implications, and areas of further investigation are offered.     

Investigating Not-Knowing: Research Methodology

Phenomenology offers a unique and useful approach to understanding how people experience events or phenomena. The method is particularly instructive in exploring how youth workers experience and make sense of moments of not-knowing in the context of their professional relationships with young people. This chapter provides an introduction to phenomenological research, including its theoretical foundations and procedures. The research methods of this study, including participant recruitment, interview format, data analysis, and presentation, are included, as are the five themes associated with the experience of not knowing what to do: (a) the paralysis of stuckness, (b) features of despair, (c) humiliation and the fear of being found out, (d) questions of vocation and calling, and (e) the transition from not-knowing to knowing.     

Comparing the Effects of Treatment on Female Juvenile Gang and Non-Gang Members

Abstract

Most research indicates that males comprise the greatest proportion of gang members. Since the 1990s, however, there has been an increasing interest in female gangs and gang members. The current study builds on this research interest by examining differences between female gang members and non-gang members who participated in a juvenile probation program designed to identify and intervene with youth considered to be high risk for subsequent criminal and delinquent activity. The results of a logistic regression analysis revealed that two factors significantly influenced a female offender's likelihood of being rearrested: she did not complete the program, and she did not live with her natural parent(s). We conclude that the significant results do support findings from previous research in this area; we also discuss possible explanations as to why other factors were not significantly related to rearrests.     

Diversity recognition and minority representation in Central and Southeast Europe: a comparative analysis

The need to handle ethnocultural diversity and the external pressures of Euro-Atlantic integration have led to the development of complex minority rights regimes in Central and Southeast European states. The aim of this paper is to perform a comparative analysis of the political representation dimension of these regimes, and to investigate how the regulations in this domain are related to the more general attitude of states toward diversity recognition and registration. For this purpose, we classify the states according to a series of variables concerning the manner in which ethnocultural diversity is recognized and portrayed, as well as the regulations concerning the representation of minorities, and identify patterns of their incidence. The formal-legal analysis of the constitutions, minority protection laws and of the electoral legislation of the included countries reveals a clear connection between the general attitude of the state toward diversity and the incidence of autonomies, and a less unequivocal, yet strong relationship in the case of minority representation in the national polity.     

The “Imperial Minority”: An Interpretative Framework of the Russians in Kazakhstan in the 1990s

This article is the fifth and final in a Nationalities Papers series providing an overview of the development of Romani political group representation and administration, from the arrival of Roma to Europe up to 1971, the landmark year of modern transnational Romani politics. The article concentrates on the period between the Second World War and 1970 and the emergence of the following phenomena which distinguish this period from those covered in the previous articles: some limited Romani participation in non-Romani mainstream political or administrative structures, an international Romani evangelical movement, reconciliation between Romani political representation and the Catholic Church, national institutions created by various governments to aid the administration of policies on Roma and rapid growth of non-governmental organizations addressing Romani issues.     

Lahemaa: The Paradox of the USSR's First National Park*

During the twentieth century the region of Subcarpathia belonged to several different states: the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, Czechoslovakia, the independent Carpatho-Ukraine, the Hungarian Kingdom, the Soviet Union and finally to Ukraine. Today it borders four member states of the European Union (Poland, the Slovak Republic, Hungary and Romania), and due to its history several ethnicities and languages, religions and cultures live side by side in this region. However, as a consequence of the different language and minority policies in Subcarpathia, we cannot find a common language that everybody knows regardless of age, gender, education, religion or place of residence. The lack of a lingua franca makes dialogue between ethnicities difficult, sometimes even impossible. In this article we outline the main features of the regional, minority and language policies of the different states that existed at the various historical stages. We believe that the in-depth analysis of the history of this region can help find a model that could be useful not only in the region but also in the wider context of similarly multinational, linguistically diverse, culturally colorful territories in the Carpathian Basin and states in East-Central Europe.