关于强制拆迁问题的思考——以执法为民理念为核心视角

我国现阶段拆迁实践中,由于行政强制拆迁引发的强拆事件居多,成了影响和谐社会建设的一大难题。强拆事件的出现,既有制度的原因,更有理念的影响,因此要解决强拆冲突,除了应规范政府职能、以司法强拆取代行政强拆、实现补偿标准的市场化、严惩非法拆迁行为外,执法为民理念的强化尤为重要。     

免疫印迹检测人胸大肌肌钙蛋白I推断较晚期死后经过时间

目的研究人死后骨骼肌肌钙蛋白I(Skeletal troponn in I,sTnI)的变化规律,探讨较晚期死后经过时间推断方法。方法以人胸大肌为研究对象,利用免疫印迹(W estern b lot)结合图象分析技术半定量检测不同离体时间内人胸大肌sTnI的含量,观察其与离体时间的关系。结果人胸大肌sTnI含量随离体时间延长而逐渐下降,与离体时间的对数值呈近似的线性关系:Y=11 972.5-4 761.9 lgX,相关系数r=0.989;离体5d的人胸大肌仍可检出sTnI。结论检验人死后骨骼肌(胸大肌)sTnI的含量有望成为用于推断人体较晚期死后经过时间的新技术。     

Immigration and Posttraumatic Growth-A Missing Link

Abstract

This paper applies contemporary conceptual models and empirical knowledge about posttraumatic growth to the experience of immigration. Current models and knowledge about potential positive effects and personal growth in the aftermath of trauma are reviewed and their relevance to immigration is discussed and illustrated, challenging the exclusive focus in the existing immigration literature on the hardships of relocation and their negative effects. Implications for clinical intervention are offered.     

论国企冗员分流模式及政府在分流中的作用

国有企业冗页分流模式有很多 ,根本经验是人负重组与资产重组同时运转 ,才能产生综合效益。分流离不开政府与社会的政策、资金和公共服务支持。     

超生反应阶段人骨骼肌对电刺激反应的形态学研究

利用人骨骼肌在死亡早期阶段能对电刺激产生兴奋和收缩的特点，以加大刺激强度为手段，对18例死亡早期阶段（1小时25分至6小时40分）具有超生反应能力的尸检骨骼肌和17例稍晚阶段（10～60小时）不具有超生反应能力的尸检骨骼肌，进行了电刺激损伤的系列形态学对比研究。结果表明，死亡早期阶段的肢体骨骼肌，经电刺激后，能产生整个肌肉或局部肌肉的收缩；在电极周围以及电路中的肌纤维形成大片的极具特点的收缩带、条带状嗜酸性变、高度变形的节段状和盘片状崩解等改变；稍晚期阶段受刺激的肌纤维则未见上述改变。探讨形态学改变的形成机理及意义，为研究死亡早期阶段的电损伤提供形态学基础。     

Forced displacements in mining communities: politics in Chiadzwa diamond area,Zimbabwe

ABSTRACT

The Chiadzwa diamonds attracted widespread attention due to human rights violations and illegal smuggling. When diamonds were discovered in 2006, thousands of artisanal miners descended on the diamond fields. In response, the government unleashed the army and police in brutal crackdowns to drive artisanal miners off the diamond fields. This militarisation of diamond fields and extraction was followed by forced displacement of the Chiadzwa people. This article examines the lived, everyday experiences of the displaced Chiadzwa people. Findings reveal that displacements dislocated the livelihoods and socialities of the people. Displacements also exacerbated people's vulnerability to livelihood shocks, insecurity, and poverty. In relocating people the government adopted a ‘top-down’ approach which triggered contestations and conflicts with the people who felt alienated from their ancestral land and excluded from diamond wealth. Consequently, sabotage, resistance and subversion were commonplace in the relocation process. These socio-political ‘tactics’ should be viewed as ‘weapons of the weak’.     

A new approach in the identification of degraded paternity samples

DNA extraction from bone is an important issue particularly in paternity cases when bones are the only remaining material to obtain and analyze DNA. The difficulties arising from bacterial damages, taphonomic factors and diagenesis might negatively affect the extraction and the amplification of DNA. This makes the laboratory procedure a hard and time-consuming process, and the analysis can fail. Analyzing mini-STRs in this type of degraded samples is highly recommended. In this study a new extraction technique was carried on bone samples which were then typed for mini-STRs. The aim was to differentiate two genetically related skeletons found in the same familial grave for a paternity test. The analysis revealed that this new extraction technique along with mini-STR analysis can properly be an effective way to obtain and analyze DNA in bones in the field of forensic sciences.     

生产—生活共同体与易地扶贫搬迁的后续帮扶——基于秦巴山区H县“138模式”的分析

“搬得出”“稳得住”“能致富”共同构成易地扶贫搬迁的政策目标。在政策支持下，易地扶贫搬迁基本完成“搬得出”的阶段性任务，但就可持续发展而言，“稳得住”“能致富”更为重要。以陕南秦巴山区H县“138模式”为案例，本文将搬迁户的经济生产、社区生活整合进“生产—生活共同体”的框架内，总结易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶的微观机制。研究发现，党建引领提供了运行动力，组织再造提供了运行基础，协同治理构成了基本运行方式。以上述三项微观机制为基础，“138模式”能够为易地扶贫搬迁后续帮扶提供客观条件。生产—生活双重导向与安置社区内的空间聚敛，构成“138模式”不同于其他后续帮扶方式的重要特征。最后文章提出加大政策关注力度、构建“生产—生活共同体”、开展组织建设和鼓励协同参与等政策建议，以实现易地扶贫搬迁的长期目标。     

An anatomy of dispossession: post-apartheid land rights and farm dweller relocation in the context of a private game reserve initiative,northern KwaZulu-Natal

This article is a detailed examination of the impact that the development of a private game reserve initiative in northern KwaZulu-Natal had on the lives of farm dwellers in the late 1990s. The reshaping of this landscape for ecotourism purposes – a decision taken by a group of private landowners – meant that the residents of the former cattle farms were relocated, a process which had serious consequences for them. The outcomes of relocation from the farms are explored through conversations with the relocated farm dwellers. In an attempt to convey the texture of the emotional geography of dispossession, we document both the tangible and the less tangible losses suffered from the farm dwellers' point of view, as well as their experience with the state bureaucracy. The legal and bureaucratic process leading up to the relocation is then retraced through court documents and other archival evidence. At one level, this case raises questions about the capacity of the post-apartheid South African land reform programme to secure the land rights of marginalised groups such as farm dwellers, despite legislation passed to protect them. At a deeper level, this article is about the conceptual inadequacies of the law. While the law finds it easy to render visible and to protect (saleable) private property, it struggles to fully recognise more complex land relationships. The people whose experience is described in this article felt disempowered, their lives effectively invisible. We problematise the continuing primacy of private property in post-apartheid South Africa and argue that the voices of those with other histories on the land should receive more serious attention.     

新形势下征地拆迁难问题的对策思考

征地难、拆迁难根源是补偿安置存在问题,文章提出变单纯货币补偿为多元化的复合补偿、变单纯消费性补偿为生产性补偿、变一次性支付补偿为长远分期补偿、先安置再拆迁、促进失地农民就业、完善失地农民社会保障体系、加强对征地拆迁补偿的引导和监管等解决措施。