现场生物斑迹遗留时间推断研究进展

就现场提取的生物检材而言,我们除了需要准确获得DNA STR分型进行个体识别和亲子鉴定,还希望能够通过技术手段获知其遗留时间、空间定位等更多信息。本文以血迹为主要研究对象,就国内外采用光学、细胞生物学、分子生物学等方法推断生物斑迹遗留时间进行总结,并对法医微生物学这一法庭科学新领域在时空线索推断中的应用做以介绍,为现场生物斑迹遗留时间推断研究提供参考。     

Regulating the retirement age—Lessons from Nordic pension policy approaches

The likelihood that longevity will continue to increase has generated a search for regulation that make people work longer as they live longer, and thus not just containing pension expenditure but also enlarging labor supply, economic growth, and tax revenue. In public pension policy, Nordic countries have led the world with three types of approaches aimed at making people retire later. The first came when Sweden, followed by Finland and Norway, installed life expectancy coefficients in benefit calculation formulas. The second followed as Finland introduced age-related accrual rates and the third when Denmark indexed the pensionable age to developments in life expectancy. Since economic incentive-based regulations failed to raise exit ages sufficiently, Finland and Sweden subsequently linked pensionable ages to life expectancy like Denmark. While this policy brings out inequalities in health and workability, the fact that countries found it necessary to index the pensionable age to longevity instead of just relying on economic incentives in regulating retirement behavior may hold lessons for other countries.     

奇正伤湿止痛膏对大鼠皮肤角质层影响的实验研究

目的探讨奇正伤湿止痛膏用药期间和停止用药后对大鼠皮肤角质层超微结构的影响。方法选用10周龄Wistar大鼠，在其背部两侧皮肤涂抹含伤湿止痛膏药物的浸膏和不合药的对照膏剂，应用电子显微镜观察该药剂引起的皮肤角质层超微结构的变化。结果与对照膏剂比较，涂药4～12h后表皮角质层开始变薄，细胞间距增大，细胞结构变得比较疏松，外层细胞有脱落。1d后，角质层疏松减轻，细胞间距缩小。停药后第1天，表皮角质层细胞间距变小。停药3d后，表皮角质层已基本恢复正常。结论该膏剂主要通过降低皮肤角质层的屏障作用，促进药物透皮吸收效率。停止用药后表皮角质层变化可短时间内恢复正常。