影响青少年心理行为问题的社会环境和家庭因素探析

青少年的心理行为问题一直困扰着教师和家长,对个体、家庭乃至社会造成负面影响.通过对社会环境和家庭因素分析,青少年心理行为问题有其产生的必然性.青少年的违法行为大部分在外界环境的诱惑下产生,带有明显的情绪色彩和盲目性,只有从感化他们的内心,措施得当,并为青少年营造一个良好的社会环境,学校、家庭和个人积极合作,才能预防青少年心理行为问题的发生.     

Elite and Everyday Social Contracts in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Pathways to Forging a National Social Contract?

ABSTRACT

The Dayton Peace Agreement ended the violence in Bosnia–Herzegovina, however, it also solidified antagonistic political identities leading to the creation of two social contracts: an ‘elite social contract’ involving primarily political elites of the main ethnic groups and an ‘everyday social contract’ involving ordinary citizens trying to manage a complex social and economic environment. The first social contract is hegemonic, however, alternative, non-nationalist views are slowly emerging. Grassroots groups, the surviving remnants of inter-ethnic coexistence, the integrating pull of market forces and the presence of a large diaspora all constitute resources for the creation of a resilient national social contract.     

B. F. Skinner's utopian vision: behind and beyond walden two

This paper addresses B. F. Skinner's utopian vision for enhancing social justice and human well‐being as it was introduced in his 1948 novel, Walden Two. In the first part, we address the historical, intellectual, and social context that situates the book in the utopian genre, the critiques of its premises and practices, and the fate of intentional communities patterned on the book. In the second part, we review practices in Skinner's book that advance social justice and human well‐being under the themes of health, wealth, and wisdom, and then focus on contemporary practices that are the legacy of his vision. His vision was neither the a priori truth of a particular premise about human behavior or a necessary practice (blueprint) for an intentional community but rather the use of empirical methods to discover premises and practices that work to advance the health, wealth, and wisdom of individuals and survival of the culture.     

从判决书看缓刑的适用

刑事司法政策、缓刑制度功能、刑法条文规定、犯罪案件类型及被告人自身情况等都是影响缓刑适用的因素。从判决书反映的情况来看,不管是基层法院还是中级法院,故意伤害案件和交通肇事案件缓刑适用率都相对较高,财产类犯罪案件则较少适用。在实践中,缓刑的适用主要存在对宽严相济刑事政策的把握不准,缓刑监督考察机制不健全等问题。可以考虑从这两方面入手完善我国的缓刑制度。     

Changing classes,changing preferences: how social class mobility affects economic preferences

Abstract

While many studies have identified an association between social class and economic preferences, we know little about the implications of changes in class location for these preferences. This article assesses how social class and intra-generational class mobility affect economic preferences drawing on longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey. In doing so, the article adopts a post-industrial perspective that considers horizontal and vertical class divisions. Even when time-invariant characteristics of individuals are kept constant (through fixed-effects estimation), it is found that both vertical and horizontal class location explain economic preferences. Thus, these estimations suggest that social class moulds preferences, even when accounting for factors that can lead to selection into classes. Moreover, people who change classes hold different economic preferences than their peers in the class of origin, but do not completely assimilate into their class of destination. This implies that growing intra-generational class mobility could undermine the class basis of political conflict.     

论格老秀斯法权思想的人本化因素

格老秀斯法权思想是人类思想的精华代表。作为国际法的奠基人,格老秀斯法权思想包含自然法、国际法和万民法内容,为17世纪之后世界秩序的构建制定了法律框架。格老秀斯代表作《战争与和平法》和《海洋自由论》即已凸显了法律的人本化因素。本文通过探讨格老秀斯法权思想中的自然法和国际法理论,分析格老秀斯法权思想中所表现的人道主义、正义、自由、道德和普世主义等人本化因素的内容,为当前中国社会的转型提供参考。     

我国社会组织参与社会管理的现实性探析

改革开放后,我国社会结构发生变化,国家社会由一体化向二重化发展,社会呈现多样化,政府在社会管理中覆盖面窄、手段僵硬、效率低下的特点已不能适应现代社会的发展,急需转变社会管理方式。新时期下的社会组织获得蓬勃发展,它自主、自律、民间、灵活、高效、贴近基层的特点能够弥补市场和政府在公共领域的不足,符合我国政府职能转变的要求,将社会组织引入社会管理,能够实现政府和社会资源配置的最优化,最大程度地保障公民权益。     

Electoral participation in African democracies: the impact of individual and contextual factors

This paper addresses the question of how electoral participation at the individual level is affected by various political and sociological factors in new democracies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Relying on Afrobarometer (Round 5) data, the study examines the determinants of voting for over 12,000 voting aged individuals in eight countries. Findings confirm the importance of individual characteristics such as age, associational networks, discussing politics, party identification, religiosity, trust and satisfaction with democracy in predicting turnout at the individual level. But more importantly, the addition of contextual factors significantly improves the individual-level model predicting vote choice in these democracies.     

浅析刑法客观主义的主观化倾向

晚近以来,刑法客观主义具有了主观化倾向:在理论原点上,开始给予人的素质和社会环境以适当的地位,为评价犯罪时考虑行为人的人身危险性提供了可能,并提出了人格行为的概念,更充分地考虑了行为人的危险性格;在责任论上,试图从行为背后的人格之中发现谴责的契机。     

Relationships between Social Information Processing and Aggression among Adolescent Girls with and without ADHD

This study investigated the relationship between social information processing (SIP) and both relational and overt, physical aggression in a longitudinally-followed sample of 228 adolescent girls (ages 11–18; 140 with ADHD and 88 comparison girls). During childhood, girls participated in naturalistic summer camps where peer rejection, overt physical aggression, and relational aggression were assessed via multiple informants and methods. Approximately 4.5 years later, these girls participated in follow-up assessments during which they completed a commonly-used vignette procedure to assess SIP; overt and relational aggression were again assessed through multiple informants. Correlations between (a) overt and relational aggression and (b) maladaptive SIP were modest in this female adolescent sample. However, relationships between aggression and SIP were stronger for the comparison girls than for the girls with ADHD. The relevance of SIP models for adolescent girls and clinical implications of findings are discussed.