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Mark Pettigrew 《Journal of forensic sciences》2022,67(1):408-415
As part of a wider research project into paraphilic disorders and homicide, a case is presented of a piquerist who achieved sexual satisfaction through the infliction of stabbing wounds. Against a background of sexual domination with willing and unwilling sexual partners, the offender stabbed four men to death. A study of the resulting autopsy reports, in association with the offender's testimony and crime scene documentation, was undertaken to discern a piquerist crime scene signature. An excessive number of stabbing wounds, the targeting of sexual areas, and a variation in wound size and depth were found to be evidence of piquerism. Although there was opportunity to commit a sexual assault upon victims, the preference was to penetrate them with a knife. It is contended that, even without any evidence of sexual assault at a crime scene, a knife wound analysis can reveal a sexual motivation in some cases of homicide. 相似文献
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Determination of wound vitality and estimation of wound age are central issues in daily forensic practice. The objective of this study was to develop a new and rapid method for determining wound vitality and estimating wound age in bruises using electric impedance spectroscopy. Forty Sprague-Dawley rats (140-170 g) were divided into five groups: group 1 (n=8): controls, group 2 (n=8): postmortem bruises, group 3 (n=8): bruises 1 h before death, group 4 (n=8): bruises 3 h before death, group 5 (n=8): bruises 6 h before death. Measurements of the right gluteus maximus muscle were taken at 6, 24, and 48 h after the rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. The results from this study indicate that electric impedance spectroscopy is clearly sensitive enough to differentiate between vital and postmortem wound infliction and to determine the survival time after the infliction of an injury. 相似文献
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Understanding population-level trauma patterns has implications for the recognition of war crimes and crimes against humanity. Trauma data were abstracted from autopsy and anthropology reports for 105 victims from the 1999 conflict in Timor Leste. A significant number of individuals displayed no evidence of injury. No trauma was found in 25% of the sample, while a further 5% had only minor, nonlethal wounds. Where trauma was evident, sharp force injuries were most common (35%), followed by gunshot (20%) and blunt force (13.33%). Timorese frequencies of trauma differ significantly from percentages found in prior reports of mass killings from Cambodia, Bosnia, Croatia, and Afghanistan but closely resemble reported trauma patterns in Rwanda. Decomposition and percentage of body recovered were shown to have a significant impact on the presence/absence of trauma. Complete, fleshed remains were 10.4 times more likely than skeletal remains to have evidence of major or lethal trauma. 相似文献
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Kyla M. Jorgenson M.S. Andrea L. Wiens D.O. Eric A. Pfeifer M.D. Joshua Lanter M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(6):1487-1495
The purpose of this study was to collect data and disseminate trends in officer‐involved firearm deaths in Oklahoma from 2000 to 2015. The Oklahoma Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) database was searched for civilian decedents with gunshot wounds inflicted by law enforcement officers and officer decedents with gunshot wounds inflicted by civilians. Five decedents were law enforcement officers, while 274 decedents were civilians. The number of civilian decedents throughout the study followed a quadratic trend. Civilian decedents were most commonly males (95%) between the ages of 20 and 39 (64%), had one or two gunshot wounds (46%), and had an increasing number of gunshot wounds over time. Postmortem toxicology testing most commonly detected ethanol, methamphetamine, cocaine, and PCP. Efforts toward increased tracking by various agencies and more scientific studies like this are needed to facilitate future analysis of trends in officer‐involved firearm deaths. 相似文献
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Sarah Teixeira Costa M.Sc. Alexandre Rodrigues Freire Ph.D. Rodrigo Ivo Matoso M.Sc. Eduardo Daruge Júnior Ph.D. Ana Cláudia Rossi Ph.D. Felippe Bevilacqua Prado Ph.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2017,62(2):361-368
Complications arise in the analysis of gunshot wounds to the maxillofacial region, when neither the projectile nor the gun is found at the crime scene. We simulated 5‐ and 15‐cm firing distances at a human mandible to investigate the external morphology of entrance wounds based on fire range. The ammunition models, .40‐caliber S&W, .380‐caliber, and 9 × 19‐mm Luger, were constructed with free‐form NURBS surfaces. In a dynamic simulation, projectiles were fired against mandibular body 3D model at 5 and 15 cm. All entrance wounds presented oval aspect. Maximum diameter and von Mises stress values were 16.5 mm and 50.8 MPa, both for .40‐caliber S&W fired at 5 cm. The maximum energy loss was 138.4 J for .40 S&W fired at 15 cm. In conclusion, the mandible was most affected by .40‐caliber S&W and morphological differences were observable in holes caused by different incoming projectile calibers fired at different distances. 相似文献
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The distribution, incidence and character of tentative injuries occurring in self-inflicted stabbings are discussed with reference to 29 cases dealt with by The Departments of Forensic Medicine at two London Teaching hospitals. Tentative wounds were encountered in only half of the cases in our series. 相似文献
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Comparative Evaluation of Potentially Radiolucent Projectile Components by Radiographs and Computed Tomography
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Catherine R. Miller M.D. M.A. Michael Haag B.S. Chandra Gerrard B.S. Gary M. Hatch M.D. Jamie Elifritz M.D. Michael C. Simmons M.D. Sarah Lathrop D.V.M. Ph.D. Kurt B. Nolte M.D. 《Journal of forensic sciences》2016,61(6):1563-1570
Projectile components that are traditionally radiolucent can be of considerable importance in determination of weapon type and caliber, but they are often missed on evaluation of postmortem radiographs. We hypothesized that these components would be significantly better visualized by evaluation of computed tomography (CT) scans compared to the practice standard of radiography alone. In this project, potentially radiolucent projectile components were both pulled apart and fired, and the radiolucent components were recovered. These components were embedded in blocks of ballistics gelatin and were imaged using both radiography and CT. The scans were evaluated by three blinded, board‐certified radiologists for the presence/absence of projectile components and true‐negative regions in each block. If a radiologist indicated visualization of a projectile component, they were further requested to describe their observation. It was found that traditionally radiolucent projectile components are not significantly more often identified on CT scans than radiography (p < 0.05). 相似文献
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目的研究颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案件特点,探讨如何利用临床资料,法医学检查和影像学检查等对损伤和病变参与程度进行认定等问题。方法收集17例颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案例,对其年龄分布、损伤方式、损伤程度、影像学表现等进行分析,综合评定伤病关系。结果 17例案件以中老年为主。所有案例均存在椎间盘突出,损伤以过伸性损伤为主。按照影像学表现,将损伤程度和脊椎退变程度进行分级,综合计算伤病参与程度。结论颈椎外伤合并颈椎退行性病变的法医学鉴定案件应综合运用临床资料、法医学体格检查和影像学检查结果进行评定。 相似文献